Based on plasma lipidomics combined with machine learning approaches, this study aimed to screen molecular biomarkers for the diagnosis of early-stage lung cancer in elderly patients and to evaluate their diagnostic performance.

Objective To investigate the correlation between serum levels of microRNA(miR)-489-3p and miR-214-3p in patients with Psoriasis and the severity of disease.Methods From March 2022 to January 2024,138 Psoriasis patients who visited Zhangjiakou First Hospital were regarded as the study subjects(disease group).According to the psoriasis area and severity index(PASI)score,the 138 Psoriasis patients were separated into mild group(n=46),moderate group(n=54)and severe group(n=38).112 healthy individuals who underwent physical examinations in Zhangjiakou First Hospital during the same period were included in the control group.Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR)method was applied to determine the serum levels of miR-489-3p and miR-214-3p in the subjects.The serum levels of miR-489-3p and miR-214-3p were compared between the disease group and the control group,and among patients with different degrees of disease.Spearman correlation analysis was applied to explore the relationship between serum miR-489-3p,miR-214-3p levels and disease severity in Psoriasis patients.Logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the related factors affecting the severity of Psoriasis.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was applied to investigate the diagnostic value of serum miR-489-3p and miR-214-3p levels for severe Psoriasis.Results The serum levels of miR-489-3p(0.81±0.23)and miR-214-3p(0.79±0.22)in the disease group were lower than those in the control group(1.05±0.28,1.02±0.25),and the differences were statistically significant(t=7.441,7.732,all P<0.05).Serum miR-489-3p in mild,moderate and severe Psoriasis groups(0.93±0.24,0.80±0.23,0.69±0.22),miR-214-3p levels(0.91±0.24,0.77±0.22,0.66±0.21)decreased gradually,and the differences were statistically significant(F=12.423,13.168,all P<0.05).Spearman's results showed that serum levels of miR-489-3p and miR-214-3p were negatively correlated with the severity of Psoriasis in patients(r=-0.490,-0.463,all P<0.05).Serum miR-489-3p and miR-214-3p were independent protective factors for the severity of Psoriasis patients(Wald χ2=5.751,8.753,all P<0.05).ROC curve results showed that the area under the curve(AUC)of serum miR-489-3p and miR-214-3p for diagnosing severe Psoriasis alone was 0.785 and 0.792,with sensitivity of 78.9%and 73.7%,specificity of 49.9%and 54.7%,respectively.The AUC of the combined diagnosis for severe Psoriasis was 0.931,the sensitivity and specificity were 71.7%,71.1%,respectively,and the combined diagnostic efficacy of the two was better than that of miR-489-3p and miR-214-3p alone,and the differences were statistically significant(Z=3.018,2.773,all P<0.05).Conclusion The serum levels of miR-489-3p and miR-214-3p in patients with Psoriasis are both reduced,and both are negatively correlated with the severity of the disease in Psoriasis patients.The combined determination of the two has high efficacy in the diagnosis of severe Psoriasis.

Objective:To investigate the miRNA-mRNA regulatory network in a rat model of Tourette syndrome(TS)using transcriptomic technology and to screen key signaling pathways and potential traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)candidates for intervention.Methods:A TS rat model was established using iminodipropionitrile(IDPN).RNA sequencing was performed to identify differentially expressed miRNAs and mRNAs in the brain tissues of TS rats.Bioinformatics analysis was applied to construct interaction networks,and network pharmacology was further employed to screen potential TCM compounds.Results:After 7 days of IDPN modeling,the model group exhibited motor and stereotypical behavioral changes,with behavioral scores greater than 3 points.Hema toxylin-eosin(HE)staining revealed irregular neuronal nuclear morphology,uneven chromatin distribution,nuclear pyknosis,and increased glial cell density.KEGG enrichment analysis identified key pathways:calcium signaling pathway,neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction,p53 signaling pathway,ECM-receptor interaction,and TGF-β signaling pathway.miR-125a-3p,miR-106-3p,and miR-760-3p were identified as pivotal miRNAs.Potential TCM candidates included Ajuga decumbens,Acanthopanax bark,Codonopsis pilosula,Stephania japonica,Os Draconis,Notopterygium root,Siraitia grosvenorii,Zanthoxylum nitidum root,Morinda officinalis,and Corydalis yanhusuo.Conclusion:The miRNAs miR-106-3p,miR-125a-3p,and miR-760-3p may mediate TS pathogenesis by altering critical signaling networks,including the calcium signaling pathway,neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction,and ECM-receptor interaction pathways,leading to neuroimmune inflammation and dopaminergic system dysregulation.TCM compounds such as Corydalis yanhusuo and Ajuga decumbens may exert therapeutic effects through multi-component synergistic regulation of these miRNAs and downstream pathways.

Objective To determine the related substances in ornidazole active pharmaceutical ingredient(API)and injections using high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)and to study the impurity profile of ornidazole using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS)combined with forced degradation tests,aiming to clarify the sources of impurities and their correlation with the prescription and production process and providing technical support for the unified evaluation and quality control of this product.Methods A Phenomenex Luna C18column(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm)was used for the separation of ornidazole and its impurities,with 0.000 5%formic acid as mobile phase A and methanol as mobile phase B under gradient elution.The impurity content of 4 batches of APIs,3 batches of reference preparations,and 11 batches of domestic generic preparations were determined.The structure of unknown impurities was predicted using Jet Stream Ion Focusing Electrospray Ionization-Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry(AJS-TOF-MS/MS),and the sources of impurities were identified combined with forced degradation experiments,the prescription and the production process of various manufacturers.Results Ornidazole and its known impurities were well separated under the chromatographic conditions.The structures of five unknown impurities were inferred,and the sources of the impurities were identified.Conclusion This study provides a reference for impurity analysis,quality control,and overall evaluation of ornidazole API and injection.

AIM To investigate the effects of Wenfei Jiangzhuo Formula on mitochondrial function of Aβ25-35-induced BV-2 cells.METHODS In the establishment of cell model of Alzheimer's disease(AD)using Aβ25-35 on the BV-2 cells,the optimal concentration and time point of Aβ25-35 intervention were determined;and the groups for the intervention of LFHP-1c group(inhibitor)or the serum containing Wenfei Jiangzhuo Formula were set up.The detection of the optimal intervention concentration and time point by CCK-8 assay;the observation of cell migration and apoptosis by Transwell assay and Hoechst 33342 staining;the detection of the positive expressions of PGAM5 and Drp1 by immunofluorescence;and the detection of cellular PGAM5,Drp1,OPA1,and Mfn1/2 mRNA and protein expressions by RT-qPCR and Western blot were conducted.RESULTS The best AD cell model was established by 48 h exposure to 5 μmol/L of Aβ25-35,and most active cell viability was achieved with the 48 h use of serum containing 20％Wenfei Jiangzhuo Formula.Compared with the control group,the model group displayed decreased number of cell migration,more bright blue positive apoptotic cells,increased number of PGAM5 and Drp1 positive cells and their mRNA and protein expressions(P＜0.05);and decreased mRNA and protein expressions of OPA1 and Mfn1/2(P＜0.05).Compared with the model group,the groups intervened with the medicines shared increased number of cell migration,less bright blue positive apoptotic cells,decreased number of PGAM5 and Drp1 positive cells and their mRNA and protein expressions(P＜0.05);and elevated OPA1 and Mfn1/2 mRNA and protein expressions(P＜0.05).CONCLUSION Wenfei Jiangzhuo Formula exerts cerebroprotective effects to improve cognition by reducing cell damage and improving the balance of mitochondrial homeostasis through PGAM5-Drp1 axis in AD model.

Heatstroke,especially in high-temperature and high-humidity environments,is a life-threatening acute heat-injury disease that seriously endangers human health.Timely and effective on-site treatment is crucial for patients'survival and prognosis.Early recognition,rapid assessment,and on-site cooling are the core of pre-hospital treatment of heatstroke.Currently,there is a lack of standardized application procedures for pre-hospital emergency care of heatstroke.Therefore,the"Expert Consensus on Pre-hospital Emergency Management of Heatstroke(2024 edition)"was initiated by the Expert Group on Heatstroke Prevention of the People's Liberation Army and developed in collaboration with experts from local pre-hospital emergency care,emergency departments,and intensive care units.This consensus focuses on heatstroke prevention,on-site and ambulance-based treatment,and early emergency room interventions,and puts forward 10 evidence-based recommendations,aiming to provide a reference for scientific and standardized pre-hospital emergency care of heatstroke.

Aim To investigate the role of corylin in angiotensin Ⅱ(Ang Ⅱ)-induced cardiomyocyte hy-pertrophy and its underlying mechanisms.Methods An Ang Ⅱ-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy model was established and treated with corylin.Real-time PCR was employed to assess hypertrophic gene mRNA expression,and immunofluorescence was used to meas-ure cardiomyocyte surface area.Western blot and en-zyme activity assay kits were used to evaluate SIRT1 expression and activity.Results Corylin markedly mitigated Ang Ⅱ-induced hypertrophic gene expression and cardiomyocyte surface area enlargement.Moreo-ver,it prevented the Ang Ⅱ-mediated decline in SIRT1 protein levels and deacetylase activity.Further investi-gation indicated that corylin inhibited Ang Ⅱ-driven NF-κB transcriptional activity and the expression of its downstream target genes,such as TNF-α,IL-6,and IL-1β.Notably,SIRT1 silencing abolished the protective effects of corylin against cardiomyocyte hypertrophy,as well as its regulation of the SIRT1/NF-κB signaling pathway.Conclusion Corylin suppresses cardiomyo-cyte hypertrophy by modulating the SIRT1-dependent NF-κB signaling pathway.

Objective To investigate the distribution and antimicrobial resistance profiles of common pathogens isolated from cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)in CHINET program from 2015 to 2021.Methods The bacterial strains isolated from CSF were identified in accordance with clinical microbiology practice standards.Antimicrobial susceptibility test was conducted using Kirby-Bauer method and automated systems per the unified CHINET protocol.Results A total of 14 014 bacterial strains were isolated from CSF samples from 2015 to 2021,including the strains isolated from inpatients(95.3％)and from outpatient and emergency care patients(4.7％).Overall,19.6％of the isolates were from children and 80.4％were from adults.Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 68.0％and 32.0％,respectively.Coagulase negative Staphylococcus accounted for 73.0％of the total Gram-positive bacterial isolates.The prevalence of MRSA was 38.2％in children and 45.6％in adults.The prevalence of MRCNS was 67.6％in adults and 69.5％in children.A small number of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium(2.2％)and linezolid-resistant Enterococcus faecalis(3.1％)were isolated from adult patients.The resistance rates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae to ceftriaxone were 52.2％and 76.4％in children,70.5％and 63.5％in adults.The prevalence of carbapenem-resistant E.coli and K.pneumoniae(CRKP)was 1.3％and 47.7％in children,6.4％and 47.9％in adults.The prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii(CRAB)and Pseudomonas aeruginosa(CRPA)was 74.0％and 37.1％in children,81.7％and 39.9％in adults.Conclusions The data derived from antimicrobial resistance surveillance are crucial for clinicians to make evidence-based decisions regarding antibiotic therapy.Attention should be paid to the Gram-negative bacteria,especially CRKP and CRAB in central nervous system(CNS)infections.Ongoing antimicrobial resistance surveillance is helpful for optimizing antibiotic use in CNS infections.

Objective To investigate the antimicrobial resistance of clinical isolates from elderly patients(≥65 years)in major medical institutions across China.Methods Bacterial strains were isolated from elderly patients in 52 hospitals participating in the CHINET Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Program during the period from 2015 to 2021.Antimicrobial susceptibility test was carried out by disk diffusion method and automated systems according to the same CHINET protocol.The data were interpreted in accordance with the breakpoints recommended by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute(CLSI)in 2021.Results A total of 514 715 nonduplicate clinical isolates were collected from elderly patients in 52 hospitals from January 1,2015 to December 31,2021.The number of isolates accounted for 34.3％of the total number of clinical isolates from all patients.Overall,21.8％of the 514 715 strains were gram-positive bacteria,and 78.2％were gram-negative bacteria.Majority(90.9％)of the strains were isolated from inpatients.About 42.9％of the strains were isolated from respiratory specimens,and 22.9％were isolated from urine.More than half(60.7％)of the strains were isolated from male patients,and 39.3％isolated from females.About 51.1％of the strains were isolated from patients aged 65-＜75 years.The prevalence of methicillin-resistant strains(MRSA)was 38.8％in 32 190 strains of Staphylococcus aureus.No vancomycin-or linezolid-resistant strains were found.The resistance rate of E.faecalis to most antibiotics was significantly lower than that of Enterococcus faecium,but a few vancomycin-resistant strains(0.2％,1.5％)and linezolid-resistant strains(3.4％,0.3％)were found in E.faecalis and E.faecium.The prevalence of penicillin-susceptible S.pneumoniae(PSSP),penicillin-intermediate S.pneumoniae(PISP),and penicillin-resistant S.pneumoniae(PRSP)was 94.3％,4.0％,and 1.7％in nonmeningitis S.pneumoniae isolates.The resistance rates of Klebsiella spp.(Klebsiella pneumoniae 93.2％)to imipenem and meropenem were 20.9％and 22.3％,respectively.Other Enterobacterales species were highly sensitive to carbapenem antibiotics.Only 1.7％-7.8％of other Enterobacterales strains were resistant to carbapenems.The resistance rates of Acinetobacter spp.(Acinetobacter baumannii 90.6％)to imipenem and meropenem were 68.4％and 70.6％respectively,while 28.5％and 24.3％of P.aeruginosa strains were resistant to imipenem and meropenem,respectively.Conclusions The number of clinical isolates from elderly patients is increasing year by year,especially in the 65-＜75 age group.Respiratory tract isolates were more prevalent in male elderly patients,and urinary tract isolates were more prevalent in female elderly patients.Klebsiella isolates were increasingly resistant to multiple antimicrobial agents,especially carbapenems.Antimicrobial resistance surveillance is helpful for accurate empirical antimicrobial therapy in elderly patients.

Objective To investigate the correlation between serum levels of microRNA(miR)-489-3p and miR-214-3p in patients with Psoriasis and the severity of disease.Methods From March 2022 to January 2024,138 Psoriasis patients who visited Zhangjiakou First Hospital were regarded as the study subjects(disease group).According to the psoriasis area and severity index(PASI)score,the 138 Psoriasis patients were separated into mild group(n=46),moderate group(n=54)and severe group(n=38).112 healthy individuals who underwent physical examinations in Zhangjiakou First Hospital during the same period were included in the control group.Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR)method was applied to determine the serum levels of miR-489-3p and miR-214-3p in the subjects.The serum levels of miR-489-3p and miR-214-3p were compared between the disease group and the control group,and among patients with different degrees of disease.Spearman correlation analysis was applied to explore the relationship between serum miR-489-3p,miR-214-3p levels and disease severity in Psoriasis patients.Logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the related factors affecting the severity of Psoriasis.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was applied to investigate the diagnostic value of serum miR-489-3p and miR-214-3p levels for severe Psoriasis.Results The serum levels of miR-489-3p(0.81±0.23)and miR-214-3p(0.79±0.22)in the disease group were lower than those in the control group(1.05±0.28,1.02±0.25),and the differences were statistically significant(t=7.441,7.732,all P<0.05).Serum miR-489-3p in mild,moderate and severe Psoriasis groups(0.93±0.24,0.80±0.23,0.69±0.22),miR-214-3p levels(0.91±0.24,0.77±0.22,0.66±0.21)decreased gradually,and the differences were statistically significant(F=12.423,13.168,all P<0.05).Spearman's results showed that serum levels of miR-489-3p and miR-214-3p were negatively correlated with the severity of Psoriasis in patients(r=-0.490,-0.463,all P<0.05).Serum miR-489-3p and miR-214-3p were independent protective factors for the severity of Psoriasis patients(Wald χ2=5.751,8.753,all P<0.05).ROC curve results showed that the area under the curve(AUC)of serum miR-489-3p and miR-214-3p for diagnosing severe Psoriasis alone was 0.785 and 0.792,with sensitivity of 78.9%and 73.7%,specificity of 49.9%and 54.7%,respectively.The AUC of the combined diagnosis for severe Psoriasis was 0.931,the sensitivity and specificity were 71.7%,71.1%,respectively,and the combined diagnostic efficacy of the two was better than that of miR-489-3p and miR-214-3p alone,and the differences were statistically significant(Z=3.018,2.773,all P<0.05).Conclusion The serum levels of miR-489-3p and miR-214-3p in patients with Psoriasis are both reduced,and both are negatively correlated with the severity of the disease in Psoriasis patients.The combined determination of the two has high efficacy in the diagnosis of severe Psoriasis.