The prescription of Qidong Yixin oral liquid is derived from the experience of national medical master Ren Jixue in treating viral myocarditis （VMC）. It has the functions of tonifying Qi， nourishing the heart，calming the mind， and relieving palpitations. It is used to treat VMC and angina pectoris of coronary heart disease caused by deficiency of both Qi and Yin. However，the understanding of its efficacy evidence， advantageous aspects， dosage and administration， and medication safety remains insufficient in clinical practice. Therefore，the development of the Expert Consensus on the Clinical Application of Qidong Yixin Oral Liquid （hereinafter referred to as consensus） was initiated. Consensus strictly followed the process and methods of the expert consensus on the clinical application of Chinese patent medicines of the China Association of Chinese Medicine，successively completing multiple tasks such as the consensus project initiation，determination of clinical problems，evidence search and evaluation，formation of recommendation opinions and consensus suggestions，solicitation of opinions，peer review， submission for review and release， and so on. Consensus formed a total of 10 recommendation opinions and 12 consensus suggestions，clarifying the clinical positioning，efficacy advantages，syndrome differentiation，dosage and administration，combination therapy，timing of medication，adverse reactions，contraindications， and precautions of Qidong Yixin oral liquid，indicating that it has good clinical advantages and safety in the treatment of VMC and angina pectoris of coronary heart disease，providing norms and references for physicians to safely and rationally apply Qidong Yixin oral liquid. Consensus was reviewed and approved for release by the Standardization Office of the China Association of Chinese Medicine on December 23， 2024. Standard number：GSCACM-376-2024.

Aromatic Chinese medicinal essential oils are volatile oils extracted from aromatic Chinese herbs， which can prevent and treat respiratory infectious diseases through multiple synergistic mechanisms including pathogen inhibition， immune regulation， and inflammatory response regulation. Essential oils are primarily used externally on the body to prevent infections and alleviate symptoms through methods like inhalation， smearing， topical application， bathing， gargling or as a suppository. They can also be utilized in the environment for disinfection and air purification， through methods like diffusion， vaporization， or spraying. The external application of essential oils extracted from Chinese aromatic herbs has the advantages of convenience， quick absorption， and simultaneous influence on both the body and mind. However， there are still challenges and deficiencies in aspects such as the positioning of functions， indications， safety， and the research on the mechanism of action. It has been proposed to combine the theory of aromatic Chinese medicinals with the characteristics of essential oils， and formulate prescriptions of Chinese medicinal essential oils under the principles of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation， and prevent and treat respiratory infectious diseases efficiently， accurately， and safely， thereby expanding the clinical application of aromatic Chinese medicinals and the preventive theory of traditional Chinese medicine.

This study predicts the quality markers(Q-markers) for the cough-relieving and phlegm-expelling effects of Kening Granules based on pharmacodynamics, plasma drug chemistry, network pharmacology, and pharmacokinetics. Strong ammonia solution spray and phenol red secretion assays were employed to evaluate the cough-relieving and phlegm-expelling effects of Kening Granules. Twentysix absorbed prototype components of Kening Granules were identified by ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled with QExactive Plus quadrupole/Orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry(UHPLC-Q-Exactive Plus Orbitrap HRMS). Through network pharmacology, 11 potential active components were screened out for the cough-relieving and phlegm-expelling effects of Kening Granules. The 11 components acted on 40 common targets such as IL6, TLR4, and STAT3, which mainly participated in PI3K/Akt, HIF-1, and EGFR signaling pathways. Pharmacokinetic quantitative analysis was performed for 7 prototype components. Three compounds including azelaic acid, caffeic acid, and vanillin were identified as Q-markers for the cough-relieving and phlegm-expelling effects of Kening Granules based on their effectiveness, transmissibility, and measurability. The results of this study are of great significance for clarifying the pharmacological substance basis, optimizing the quality standards, and promoting the clinical application of Kening Granules.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal/administration & dosage* ; Network Pharmacology ; Cough/blood* ; Male ; Humans ; Animals ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Biomarkers/blood* ; Quality Control ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Antitussive Agents/chemistry*

Medical institutions, with their clinical practice foundation and abundant human use experience data, have become important carriers for the inheritance and innovation of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) and the "cradles" of the preparation of new TCM. To effectively promote the transformation of new TCM originating from the TCM clinical practice in medical institutions and establish an effective evaluation index system for the transformation of new TCM conforming to the characteristics of TCM, consensus experts adopted the literature research, questionnaire survey, Delphi method, etc. By focusing on the policy and technical evaluation of new TCM originating from the TCM clinical practice in medical institutions, a comprehensive evaluation from the dimensions of drug safety, efficacy, feasibility, and characteristic advantages was conducted, thus forming a comprehensive evaluation system with four primary indicators and 37 secondary indicators. The expert consensus reached aims to encourage medical institutions at all levels to continuously improve the high-quality research and development and transformation of new TCM originating from the TCM clinical practice in medical institutions and targeted at clinical needs, so as to provide a decision-making basis for the preparation, selection, cultivation, and transformation of new TCM for medical institutions, improve the development efficiency of new TCM, and precisely respond to the public medication needs.
Medicine, Chinese Traditional/standards* ; Humans ; Consensus ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use* ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Objective : To establish a method for measuring major organic acids in the tricarboxylic acid cycle using a high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS/MS) system, and to investigate the changes in six tricarboxylic acid cycle organic acids(fumaric acid, malic acid, succinic acid, α-ketoglutaric acid, cis-aconitic acid, and citric acid) in the serum, liver, and placenta of mice exposed to di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate(DEHP) during pregnancy. Methods : The serum, liver and placental samples from pregnant mice were processed and eluted through a Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH Amide Column(130 Å, 1.7 μm, 2.1 mm × 150 mm) using a gradient elution program. Mobile phase A comprised an aqueous solution of 10 mmol/L ammonium acetate and 5 μmol/L methanephosphonic acid, while mobile phase B consisted of a 90% acetonitrile aqueous solution containing 10 mmol/L ammonium acetate and 5 μmol/L methanephosphonic acid, with a flow rate maintained at 0.35 ml/min. The mass spectrometry detection system utilized an electrospray ionization technique with negative ion mode for multiple reaction monitoring. Results : The correlation coefficients of the standard curves for the six tricarboxylic acid cycle organic acid metabolites were all above 0.996 within the quantitative range. The method's accuracy ranged from 97.14% to 108.26%, with inter-day and intra-day precision relative standard deviation between 1.35% and 6.73%. The matrix effect was between 93.29% and 107.47%, and the extraction recovery rate ranged from 94.82% to 112.57%. Analysis of six tricarboxylic acid cycle organic acids in the liver, serum, and placenta of DEHP-exposed mice during pregnancy showed significant reductions in fumaric acid, malic acid, α-ketoglutaric acid, cis-aconitic acid, and citric acid compared to the control group(P<0.05). Conclusion The HPLC-MS/MS method established in this study for detecting six tricarboxylic acid cycle organic acids in the serum, liver, and placenta of DEHP-exposed pregnant mice is stable, highly sensitive and selective. Prenatal DEHP exposure induced alterations in the levels of tricarboxylic acid(TCA) cycle organic acid metabolites in the liver, serum, and placenta of mice, suggesting that DEHP exposure during pregnancy may interfere with mitochondrial TCA cycle processes. These findings indicate potential value in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases associated with prenatal DEHP exposure.

In recent years,significant breakthroughs have been achieved in the immunotherapy for Alzheimer's disease.In line with global advancements,two anti-amyloid-β monoclonal antibodies have been approved and successfully launched in China for clinical use.Lecanemab and Donanemab were officially used in June 2024 and April 2025 in China,respectively.In order to standardize the rational and safe application of anti-amyloid-β monoclonal antibodies for Alzheimer's disease in China,this article integrates recom-mendations from the clinical trials and real-world experience from the author's team and domestic peers to further update the recom-mendations for the clinical use of anti-amyloid-β monoclonal antibody based on the 2024 version.It includes indications for therapy,pre-treatment evaluation and preparation,administration protocols and safety measures during treatment,and post-treatment monitor-ing strategies.

Objective:To analyze the etiological composition and clinical characteristics of infant hypertension，and provide reference for its diagnosis and treatment.Methods:This is a retrospective case-control study.Retrospective investigation and analysis were conducted on the clinical data of infants discharged from Beijing Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University with a diagnosis of "hypertension" from June 1，2016 to September 30，2021，including clinical manifestations，auxiliary examinations，treatment plans，and prognosis.Results:A total of 74 eligible children were collected，including 42 male infants（56.8%）and 32 female infants（43.2%）.A total of 67 cases（90.5%）had clear secondary factors，including 35 cases of kidney disease（47.3%），12 cases of connective tissue disease（16.2%），and 9 cases of hematological tumor disease（12.2%）.At the beginning of the disease，cardiac ultrasound showed that 54 cases（73.0%）had ventricular wall thickening，including mild thickening in 31 cases（57.4%），moderate thickening in 11 cases（20.3%），and severe thickening in 12 cases（22.2%）.After grouping by etiology，the incidence of proteinuria and severe hypertension in the renal hypertension group，as well as those receiving multiple antihypertensive drugs，was significantly higher than that in the non-renal hypertension group（ χ 2=28.493， P<0.001； χ 2=17.283， P<0.001； χ 2=17.358， P<0.001）；Renal disease was risk factor for severe hypertension in infants according to univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis respectively（ OR=11.176，95% CI：2.882~43.339， P<0.001； OR=11.669，95% CI：2.921~46.624， P<0.001）.Thirty-one children had follow-up records for 6 months or more，and 13（41.9%）still required antihypertensive treatment，of whom 26（83.9%）were no longer recorded as having elevated blood pressure. Conclusion:Infant hypertension is mainly secondary，with a high proportion of renal factors and predisposition to severe hypertension，which requires multiple antihypertensive drugs for control.Active antihypertensive treatment and removal of secondary factors during the acute phase are helpful for controlling hypertension in infants，but further research is needed on treatment options and long-term prognosis.

Objective To explore the effects of Jingling Oral Liquid(mainly composed of Polygoni Multiflori Radix,Polygonati Rhizoma,Platycladi Semen,Nelumbinis Semen,Ligustri Lucidi Fructus,Poria,and Lilii Bulbus)as an adjunctive therapy on cognitive,motor,and social abilities in children with global developmental delay(GDD).Methods A total of 120 children with GDD who visited the Department of Neurological Rehabilitation at Hebei Children's Hospital from July 2021 to November 2023 were selected as the study subjects.The children were randomly divided into a control group and a trial group using a random number table,with 60 children in each group.The control group received conventional comprehensive rehabilitation training,while the trial group received Jingling Oral Liquid as an adjunctive therapy in addition to the control group's treatment.The treatment course lasted 12 weeks.Before and after treatment,the changes in Gesell Developmental Scale(GDS)scores,Peabody Developmental Motor Scales(PDMS)scores,motor function scores,and language ability scores in both groups were observed to evaluate the cognitive,motor,and social abilities of the children.Results(1)After treatment,the scores of all dimensions of the GDS,including adaption,developmental quotient of fine motor,language developmental quotient,and personal-social developmental quotient,were significantly increased in both groups compared to those before treatment(P＜0.01),and the improvement of GDS scores in the trial group was significantly superior to that in the control group(P＜0.01).(2)After treatment,the scores of all dimensions of the PDMS,including fine developmental quotient score,standardized score of visual-motor integration,and standardized score of grasping,were significantly increased in both groups compared to those before treatment(P＜0.01),and the improvement of PDMS scores in the trial group was significantly superior to that in the control group(P＜0.01).(3)After treatment,the scores of motor function indicators of fine motor quotient(FMQ),gross motor quotient(GMQ),and total motor quotient(TMQ)were significantly increased in both groups compared to those before treatment(P＜0.01),and the improvement of motor function scores in the trial group was significantly superior to that in the control group(P＜0.01).(4)After treatment,the language ability scores were significantly increased in both groups compared to those before treatment(P＜0.01),and the improvement of language ability scores in the trial group was significantly superior to that in the control group(P＜0.01).Conclusion The combination of Jingling Oral Liquid with conventional comprehensive rehabilitation training can effectively improve the cognitive,motor,and social abilities of children with GDD.

AIM To invesigate the quantitative transmitting rules of benchmark samples of Ganjiang Lingzhu Decoction.METHODS HPLC fingerprints were established,after which principal component analysis and partial least squares discriminant analysis were performed.The contents of 6-gingerol,liquiritin and glycyrrhizic acid were determined,after which their transfer rates and dry paste rate were calculated.RESULTS There were 22 common peaks in the fingerprints for 15 batches of benchmark samples with the similarities of more than 0.9.Various batches of benchmark samples were clustered into 3 categories,4 principal components demonstrated the accumulative variance contribution rate of 92.676％,and liquiritin made a great contribution to grouping.In various batches of medicinal materials-decoction pieces,decoction pieces-standard decoctions and standard decoctions-benchmark samples,the transfer rates of 6-gingerol were 84.72％-100.00％,14.29％-24.14％,88.60％-99.36％,those of liquiritin were 74.38％-100.00％,38.54％-64.20％,96.91％-100.30％,and those of glycyrrhizic acid were 68.28％-103.27％,28.48％-49.79％,92.93％-100.49％,the dry paste rate was 13.75％-16.41％.CONCLUSION The preparation process for benchmark samples of Ganjiang Lingzhu Decoction is stable,6-gingerol,liquiritin and glycyrrhizic acid can be taken as their quality markers.Fingerprint combined with content determination can provides a reference for the quality control of Ganjiang Lingzhu Decoction and their related preparations.

AIM To investigate the effect of Fuzheng Hefu Zhiyang Formula(FZHFZY)on psoriasis-like skin lesions and immune regulation in mice.METHODS In the in vivo experiment,30 BALB/c mice were randomly divided into the blank group,the model group,the dexamethasone group(1.5 g/kg of compound dexamethasone acetate cream),and the low-dose(2.5 g/kg)and high-dose(5 g/kg)FZHFZY groups,with six mice in each group.The experiment groups were treated with respective FZHFZY and dexamethasone,and the other groups were given normal saline for 10 consecutive days,during which psoriatic skin lesions were induced with imiquimod cream for 7 consecutive days.The mice had their area and severity of psoriasis assessed by PASI score;their histological changes of skin lesions.observed with Hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining;their F4/80 ratio of skin lesions observed with immunohistochemical(IHC)staining;their protein expressions of P38,p-P38,Erk,p-Erk,P65 and p-P65 detected by Western blot;and their mRNA expressions of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),IL-17,IL-23 and IL-1β detected by RT-qPCR.In the in vitro research,the cultured RAW264.7 cells were divided into the blank group,the LPS group,and the FZHFZY groups(1 200,600,300,150 μg/mL).The cells had their protein expressions of P38,p-P38,Erk,p-Erk,P65 and p-P65 detected with Western blot;and their mRNA expressions of IL-6,TNF-α,IL-23 and IL-8 detected by RT-qPCR.RESULTS The in vivo experiment showed that compared to the model group,the FZHFZY groups demonstrated decreased PASI score(P＜0.01);improved epidermal thickening and parakeratosis of skin lesions as revealed by HE staining result and increased expression of F4/80 in IHC staining sections;decreased protein expression ratios of p-P38/P38,p-ERK/Erk and p-P65/P65 in skin(P＜0.05,P＜0.01);and reduced mRNA expressions of TNF-α,IL-17,IL-23 and IL-1β in the skin(P＜0.01).FZHFZY(0～2 400 μg/mL)showed no significant cytotoxicity towards RAW264.7 cells in vitro(P＞0.05).Compared to those of the LPS group,the cells exposed to FZHFZ at concentrations of 1 200 and 600 μg/mL demonstrated decreased protein expression ratios of p-P38/P38,p-ERK/Erk,and p-P65/P65(P＜0.05,P＜0.01);and significantly decreased mRNA expressions of TNF-α,IL-17,IL-23 and IL-1β(P＜0.01).CONCLUSION FZHFZY alleviates imiquimod-induced psoriatic lesions in mice and suppresses inflammatory response in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells by inhibiting P38/Erk/NF-κB signaling pathway.