This study collected epidemic data of COVID-19 in Zhengzhou from January 1 to January 20 in 2022. The epidemiological characteristics of the local epidemic in Zhengzhou High-tech Zone caused by the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant were analyzed through epidemiological survey and big data analysis, which could provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of the Delta variant. In detail, a total of 276 close contacts and 599 secondary close contacts were found in this study. The attack rate of close contacts and secondary close contacts was 5.43% (15/276) and 0.17% (1/599), respectively. There were 10 confirmed cases associated with the chain of transmission. Among them, the attack rates in close contacts of the first, second, third, fourth and fifth generation cases were 20.00% (5/25), 17.86% (5/28), 0.72% (1/139) and 14.81% (4/27), 0 (0/57), respectively. The attack rates in close contacts after sharing rooms/beds, having meals, having neighbor contacts, sharing vehicles with the patients, having same space contacts, and having work contacts were 26.67%, 9.10%, 8.33%, 4.55%, 1.43%, and 0 respectively. Collectively, the local epidemic situation in Zhengzhou High-tech Zone has an obvious family cluster. Prevention and control work should focus on decreasing family clusters of cases and community transmission.
Humans ; SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19 ; Epidemics ; Incidence

Humans ; Consensus ; Hypersensitivity ; Desensitization, Immunologic/adverse effects* ; Immunotherapy/adverse effects* ; Injections, Subcutaneous ; Allergens

Background With the rise and deepening of positive psychology research, theoretical research on job burnout is also deepening worldwide, and some new theoretical models are proposed, such as the burnout-engagement continuum, but there is still a lack of empirical research and application in China. Objective To analyze the current situation and influencing factors of five profiles in the burnout-engagement continuum in working populations of China: job engagement, ineffective, overextended, disengaged, and burnout. Methods From August to October 2019 and June to September 2020, a total of 27344 subjects of key occupations in six typical industries, including teachers, firefighters, manufacturing workers, medical staff, flight attendants, and traffic police, were selected from 10 provinces (cities) in the eastern, middle, and western regions of China by multistage stratified cluster sampling method for cross-sectional investigation. Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey and Core Occupational Stress Scale were used to evaluate job burnout and occupational stress respectively. χ² test was used to compare rates of count data. Binary logistic regression was used for multivariate analysis of the five profiles. Results Among the subjects, 24.4%, 61.9%, 31.9%, 12.7%, and 11.8% were the prevalence rates of job engagement, ineffective, overextended, disengaged, and burnout, respectively. Flight attendants (35.7%), firefighters (29.0%), traffic police (28.5%), and manufacturing workers (26.5%) had high prevalence rates of job engagement profile. Medical stuff (62.9%) and manufacturing workers (61.8%) had high prevalence rates of ineffective profile. Teachers (39.2%), traffic police (37.2%), and medical stuff (35.5%) had high prevalence rates of overextended profile. Traffic police (17.9%), medical staff (14.3%), and teachers (13.4%) had high prevalence rates of disengaged profile. Traffic police (16.9%), medical staff (13.4%), and teachers (13.3%) had high prevalence rates of burnout profile. The results of multivariate analysis showed that gender, age, education level, marital status, weekly working hours, length of service, income per month, shift work, smoking, drinking, industry, and occupational stress entered into the regression equations of job engagement, ineffective, overextended, disengaged, and burnout. The risks of overextended (OR=1.456-2.970), disengaged (OR=1.306-4.092), and burnout (OR=1.302-4.102) among the high rating groups of the four factors of occupational stress were higher than those among the low rating groups. Flight attendants (OR=0.296) and firefighters (OR=0.329) had lower risks of burnout than teachers, and flight attendants (OR=0.392) and firefighters (OR=0.466) had lower risks of disengaged than teachers. Conclusion Among the prevalence rates of the five profiles in the burnout-engagement continuum in the 6 typical occupational populations in China, ineffective profile is the highest, followed by overextended, and burnout is the lowest. Gender, age, education level, marital status, weekly working hours, length of service, income per month, shift work, smoking, drinking, industry, and occupational stress have different effects on the five profiles, but industry and occupational stress have greater impacts on job burnout.

Objective:To observe the efficacy of maintenance treatment of thiopurines after exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) therapy for Crohn′s disease (CD) children, and explore the influencing factors of recurrence.Methods:A retrospective case-control study was conducted. CD children treated in the Children′s Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine from March 2013 to March 2021 were included retrospectively. Data before EEN were collected including general demographics, Paris classification, the pediatric Crohn′s disease activity index (PCDAI), C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and serum albumin levels. According to the recurrence at 1 year of follow-up, patients were divided into remission group and recurrence group. The differences in clinical data before EEN between the 2 groups were analyzed. The factors influencing the recurrence were analyzed.Results:Thirty-five children were enrolled, including 25 (71.4%) males and 10 (28.6%) females. The age at diagnose was (11.2 ± 3.1) years old and the disease duration was 3.5 (2.2, 6.9) months. After 1 year of follow-up, 15 children had recurrence at least for one time and were divided into the recurrence group. Twenty (57.1%) children continued to maintain 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) monotherapy and were divided into the remission group. There was no significant differences in gender, diagnostic age, and CRP, ESR, serum albumin and PCDAI before EEN between the two groups (all P>0.05). There was significant difference in the percentage of patients with disease duration of longer than 1 year before EEN between the two groups ( P = 0.026) . Conclusions:The children with the disease duration of longer than 1 year before EEN may be in high risk of recurrence on the regimen of maintenance treatment of thiopurines after EEN.

Objective:To observe the efficacy of maintenance treatment of thiopurines after exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) therapy for Crohn′s disease (CD) children, and explore the influencing factors of recurrence.Methods:A retrospective case-control study was conducted. CD children treated in the Children′s Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine from March 2013 to March 2021 were included retrospectively. Data before EEN were collected including general demographics, Paris classification, the pediatric Crohn′s disease activity index (PCDAI), C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and serum albumin levels. According to the recurrence at 1 year of follow-up, patients were divided into remission group and recurrence group. The differences in clinical data before EEN between the 2 groups were analyzed. The factors influencing the recurrence were analyzed.Results:Thirty-five children were enrolled, including 25 (71.4%) males and 10 (28.6%) females. The age at diagnose was (11.2 ± 3.1) years old and the disease duration was 3.5 (2.2, 6.9) months. After 1 year of follow-up, 15 children had recurrence at least for one time and were divided into the recurrence group. Twenty (57.1%) children continued to maintain 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) monotherapy and were divided into the remission group. There was no significant differences in gender, diagnostic age, and CRP, ESR, serum albumin and PCDAI before EEN between the two groups (all P>0.05). There was significant difference in the percentage of patients with disease duration of longer than 1 year before EEN between the two groups ( P = 0.026) . Conclusions:The children with the disease duration of longer than 1 year before EEN may be in high risk of recurrence on the regimen of maintenance treatment of thiopurines after EEN.

"The Expert Group on Tumor Ablation Therapy of Chinese Medical Doctor Association, The Tumor Ablation Committee of Chinese College of Interventionalists, The Society of Tumor Ablation Therapy of Chinese Anti-Cancer Association and The Ablation Expert Committee of the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology" have organized multidisciplinary experts to formulate the consensus for thermal ablation of pulmonary subsolid nodules or ground-glass nodule (GGN). The expert consensus reviews current literatures and provides clinical practices for thermal ablation of GGN. The main contents include: (1) clinical evaluation of GGN, (2) procedures, indications, contraindications, outcomes evaluation and related complications of thermal ablation for GGN and (3) future development directions.
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Objective To compare the therapeutic results of photodynamic therapy (PDT) combined with biliary stenting versus biliary stenting alone in the treatment of nonresectable bile duct cholangiocarcinoma.Methods The PubMed,CBM,CNKI,VIP and WanFang Data were searched from January 1990 to December 2017.Two researchers independently screened the literatures,extracted the data and performed the quality evaluation.The meta-analysis was carried out using the RevMan software 5.3.0.Results Eleven controlled clinical trials were included in the meta-analysis.There were only two randomized controlled trials.The remaining studies were non-randomized controlled trials.Finally,659 patients were enrolled in this study.293 patients were treated with photodynamic therapy and biliary stenting while 366 patients were treated with stenting alone.Analysis showed that photodynamic therapy combined with stenting significantly extended the overall survival when compared with stenting alone (P＜0.01).There was no significant differences in the incidences of cholangitis (P＞0.05),but PDT and stenting had a significantly higher total complication rate (P＜0.05).Conclusions This meta-analysis showed that photodynamic therapy combined with stenting significantly improved the survival rate of patients with nonresectable ductal cholangiocarcinoma when compared with stenting alone.Photodynamic therapy did not increase the incidence of cholangitis.

Objective: To observe the effect of Yi Jin Jing (Sinew-transforming Qigong Exercises) on the muscle strength in senile sarcopenia. Methods: Sixty-five old people with sarcopenia were randomized into Yi Jin Jing group and a blank control group. Thirty-three patients in Yi Jin Jing group practiced Yi Jin Jing (Sinew-transforming Qigong Exercises), while 32 patients in the blank control group didn't receive any interventions. The muscle strength was measured before and after 12-week training. Results: During the study, each group had 1 dropout. The muscle strength was improved after 12-week training in Yi Jin Jing group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05); there was no significant difference in the blank control group (P>0.05). After the intervention, there was a significant difference between Yi Jin Jing group and the blank control group in comparing the muscle strength (P<0.05). Conclusion: Constant Yi Jin Jing (Sinew-transforming Qigong Exercises) training can notably improve skeletal muscle strength in senile sarcopenia.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the labial and lingual alveolar bone thickness in adults with maxillary central incisors of different inclination by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). METHODS: Ninety maxillary central incisors from 45 patients were divided into three groups based on the maxillary central incisors to palatal plane angle; lingual-inclined, normal, and labial-inclined. Reformatted CBCT images were used to measure the labial and lingual alveolar bone thickness (ABT) at intervals corresponding to every 1/10 of the root length. The sum of labial ABT and lingual ABT at the level of the root apex was used to calculate the total ABT (TABT). The number of teeth exhibiting alveolar fenestration and dehiscence in each group was also tallied. One-way analysis of variance and Tukey's honestly significant difference test were applied for statistical analysis. RESULTS: The labial ABT and TABT values at the root apex in the lingual-inclined group were significantly lower than in the other groups (p < 0.05). Lingual and labial ABT values were very low at the cervical level in the lingual-inclined and normal groups. There was a higher prevalence of alveolar fenestration in the lingual-inclined group. CONCLUSIONS: Lingual-inclined maxillary central incisors have less bone support at the level of the root apex and a greater frequency of alveolar bone defects than normal maxillary central incisors. The bone plate at the marginal level is also very thin.
Adult ; Bone Plates ; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography* ; Humans ; Incisor* ; Prevalence ; Tooth

OBJECTIVETo investigate the changes in cytokines (IL-1beta, IL-2, TNF-alpha) of peripheral blood and cervical mucous of infertile women with mycoplasma infection and the effect of intervention of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs).

METHODAccording to the results of culture of mycoplasma from genital tracts, 72 patients with positive mycoplasma were randomly divided into the TCM group (38 cases) and the western medicine group (34 cases). The western medicine group was treated with 0.5 g azithromycin for 3 days and consecutively treated for six courses of treatment, each course of treatment of 4 days. The TCM group were treated with Xiaozhi decoction twice every day for 6 weeks. The IL-1beta, IL-2 and TNF-alpha levels of the peripheral blood and cervical mucous of the two groups were measured by the Ria testing before and after the treatment, and the mycoplasma culture (-) of 32 infertile women as set for control.

RESULTBefore the treatment, TNF-alpha and IL-1beta in levels of the two treatment groups were higher than those of the control group (P < 0.01). In the TCM group, TNF-alpha and IL-1beta levels showed significant differences compared with those before the treatment (P < 0.05) and those of the western group after the treatment (P < 0.01); and IL-2 level didn't have significant change before and after the treatment. The cytokines in peripheral blood of the two treatment groups showed notable difference compared with those of the control group (P < 0.01). In TCM group, IL-2 level had remarkable difference compared with that before the treatment (P < 0.01) and compared with the control group after the treatment (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONCytokines (IL-1beta, IL-2, TNF-alpha) in the peripheral blood and cervical mucous increase in infertile women with the mycoplasma infection, suggesting that TCMs can effectively inhibit the levels of IL-1beta, IL-2, TNF-alpha in the peripheral blood and IL-1beta, TNF-alpha in cervical mucous. It is proved that Xiaozhi decoction can be used to treat infertile women with mycoplasma infection.

Adult ; Cytokines ; blood ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Humans ; Infertility, Female ; blood ; complications ; drug therapy ; immunology ; Mycoplasma Infections ; blood ; complications ; drug therapy ; immunology ; Young Adult