In recent years, with the continuous development and increasing maturity of interventional techniques, interventional treatment for congenital heart disease (CHD) has been progressively disseminated to county- and city-level hospitals in China. Concurrently, the standardized management of adult CHD (particularly patent foramen ovale) and the lifelong management of complex CHD are gaining increasing clinical attention, while the emergence of new techniques and products continuously advances the discipline. This article aims to review the new progress made in the field of interventional treatment for congenital heart disease in China during 2024. It specifically reviews and analyzes the following key aspects: (1) annual statistics on interventional closure procedures for CHD; (2) recent insights into patent foramen ovale closure; (3) advances in transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement; (4) interventional treatment and lifelong management strategies for complex CHD; (5) new interventional techniques for acquired heart disease; and (6) the application of artificial intelligence in CHD management. Through the synthesis and discussion of these topics, this article seeks to provide a detailed analysis of the current landscape of interventional treatment for CHD in China and project its future development trends.

Objective To investigate the correlation between the inflammatory burden index(IBI)and major adverse cardiovascular events(MACEs)in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI)after percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI),and to assess the efficacy of IBI in predicting in-hospital and long-term MACEs.Methods This retrospective study included 465 STEMI patients who received PCI treatment in No.904 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA from Dec.2017 to Dec.2021.The IBI was calculated for each patient.The predictive value for in-hospital and long-term MACEs was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves,and the area under curve(AUC)was calculated.The population was grouped based on the optimal IBI cut-off value for clinical characteristic analysis.Multivariate logistic regression and Cox regression analyses were used to identify factors independently associated with MACEs.The Kaplan-Meier estimator and log-rank test were used to assess the MACE risk of different IBI groups.Results The AUC value for predicting MACEs during hospitalization in STEMI patients using IBI was 0.687,and the AUC value for predicting long-term MACEs was 0.634.Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that a high IBI 102.33 mg/L)independently increased the risk of MACEs during hospitalization in STEMI patients(odds ratio=10.900,95％confidence interval[95％CI]4.273-29.180,P＜0.001).Multivariate Cox regression analysis further indicated that during long-term follow-up of STEMI patients,a high IBI(≥55.88 mg/L)independently predicted MACEs(hazard ratio=1.989,95％CI 1.128-3.506,P=0.018).Conclusion IBI is a valuable predictor for the occurrence of MACEs during hospitalization and long-term follow-up after PCI in STEMI patients.

Autophagy is a conserved physiological phenomenon commonly found in all eukaryotic cells,which promotes cell survival by degrading intracellular proteins and organelles during starvation or nutrient deficiency.Dysfunc-tion autophagy is closely related to various diseases.Soluble N-elthylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein recep-tor(SNARE)complex is a protein complex that mediates membrane fusion and plays a key role in the fusion process of au-tophagosomes and lysosomes.The aberrant assembly of the SNARE complex results in the arrest of autophagic flow,there-by leading to cellular dysfunction and the occurrence of diseases.In this review,we summarized the roles of SNARE pro-teins in the autophagosome-lysosome fusion and the latest research in related diseases,providing a reference for studying the mechanism of autophagy and diseases targeting the SNARE complex.

Autophagy is a conserved physiological phenomenon commonly found in all eukaryotic cells,which promotes cell survival by degrading intracellular proteins and organelles during starvation or nutrient deficiency.Dysfunc-tion autophagy is closely related to various diseases.Soluble N-elthylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein recep-tor(SNARE)complex is a protein complex that mediates membrane fusion and plays a key role in the fusion process of au-tophagosomes and lysosomes.The aberrant assembly of the SNARE complex results in the arrest of autophagic flow,there-by leading to cellular dysfunction and the occurrence of diseases.In this review,we summarized the roles of SNARE pro-teins in the autophagosome-lysosome fusion and the latest research in related diseases,providing a reference for studying the mechanism of autophagy and diseases targeting the SNARE complex.

Objective:To explore the effect and molecular mechanism of long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) RAB11B-AS1 on the proliferation and apoptosis of colorectal cancer cells.Methods:Cancerous tissues and para-cancerous tissues of 37 patients with colorectal cancer from Wenzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine from Jan. 2017 to Jan. 2019 were selected. By gradually increasing the concentration of gemcitabine in the medium, the colorectal cancer cell Caco-2-Gem resistant to gemcitabine was established and divided into si-NC group, si-RAB11B-AS1 group, si-RAB11B-AS1+anti-miR-NC group, and si-RAB11B-AS1+ anti-miR-486-5p group. The expression of miR-486-5p and RAB11B-AS1 was detected by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) ; Caco-2 and Caco-2-Gem cells were treated with 0, 1, 5, 10, 50, 100, and 500 μmol/L gemcitabine, respectively; Cell viability was measured by MTT assay; The cell cycle and apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry.Results:Compared with Caco-2 cells and adjacent tissues, the expressions of RAB11B-AS1 was increased in colorectal cancer tissues and Caco-2-Gem cells ( P<0.05), while the expression of miR-486-5p was decreased ( P<0.05). Compared with the 0 μmol/L group, the survival rate of Caco-2 cells after 1-100 μmol/L gemcitabine treatment was significantly reduced ( P<0.05) ; the survival rate of Caco-2-Gem cells had no significant change after 1-10 μmol/L gemcitabine treatment, and the survival rate of Caco-2-Gem cells was decreased after treatment with Gissi (50-500μmol/L) ( P<0.05). After inhibiting the expression of LncRNA RAB11B-AS1, the survival rate of Caco-2-Gem cells decreased, the apoptosis rate increased, the proportion of cells in S phase decreased, and the proportion of cells in G0-G1 phase increased. After inhibiting the expression of LncRNA RAB11B-AS1 and down-regulating the expression of miR-486-5p, the survival rate of Caco-2-Gem cells was increased, the apoptosis rate was decreased, the proportion of cells in S phase was increased, and the proportion of cells in G0-G1 phase was decreased ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:Inhibition of the expression of the lncRNA RAB11B-AS1 may have a negative regulatory effect on miR-486-5p, thereby inhibiting proliferation while promoting apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells resistant to Gissi, thus improving the biological efficacy of Gissi on colorectal cancer cells.

Objective:To explore the effect and molecular mechanism of long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) RAB11B-AS1 on the proliferation and apoptosis of colorectal cancer cells.Methods:Cancerous tissues and para-cancerous tissues of 37 patients with colorectal cancer from Wenzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine from Jan. 2017 to Jan. 2019 were selected. By gradually increasing the concentration of gemcitabine in the medium, the colorectal cancer cell Caco-2-Gem resistant to gemcitabine was established and divided into si-NC group, si-RAB11B-AS1 group, si-RAB11B-AS1+anti-miR-NC group, and si-RAB11B-AS1+ anti-miR-486-5p group. The expression of miR-486-5p and RAB11B-AS1 was detected by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) ; Caco-2 and Caco-2-Gem cells were treated with 0, 1, 5, 10, 50, 100, and 500 μmol/L gemcitabine, respectively; Cell viability was measured by MTT assay; The cell cycle and apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry.Results:Compared with Caco-2 cells and adjacent tissues, the expressions of RAB11B-AS1 was increased in colorectal cancer tissues and Caco-2-Gem cells ( P<0.05), while the expression of miR-486-5p was decreased ( P<0.05). Compared with the 0 μmol/L group, the survival rate of Caco-2 cells after 1-100 μmol/L gemcitabine treatment was significantly reduced ( P<0.05) ; the survival rate of Caco-2-Gem cells had no significant change after 1-10 μmol/L gemcitabine treatment, and the survival rate of Caco-2-Gem cells was decreased after treatment with Gissi (50-500μmol/L) ( P<0.05). After inhibiting the expression of LncRNA RAB11B-AS1, the survival rate of Caco-2-Gem cells decreased, the apoptosis rate increased, the proportion of cells in S phase decreased, and the proportion of cells in G0-G1 phase increased. After inhibiting the expression of LncRNA RAB11B-AS1 and down-regulating the expression of miR-486-5p, the survival rate of Caco-2-Gem cells was increased, the apoptosis rate was decreased, the proportion of cells in S phase was increased, and the proportion of cells in G0-G1 phase was decreased ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:Inhibition of the expression of the lncRNA RAB11B-AS1 may have a negative regulatory effect on miR-486-5p, thereby inhibiting proliferation while promoting apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells resistant to Gissi, thus improving the biological efficacy of Gissi on colorectal cancer cells.

One case of knee infection after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction caused by the gram-positive anaerobic bacterium Finegoldia magna was reported. The patient was admitted to hospital due to fever and knee joint swelling and pain after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Through medical history, physical examination, imaging examination and next-generation sequencing, it was confirmed that the infection was caused by Finegoldia magna. Through literature review, 37 literatures on infectious diseases caused by Finegoldia magna was retrieved and analyzed, and the identification points of anaerobic bacteria, the application of second-generation sequencing technology and the treatment status of infection after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction were reviewed. The incidence of infection after arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction is low, while anaerobic infection is even more rare and difficult to culture. The next-generation sequencing can be used to assist the diagnosis. On the basis of giving priority to the preservation of the reconstructed ligament, the combined use of arthroscopic debridement, irrigation and sensitive antibiotics is the main treatment method.

Purpose: Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is one of the most common liver primary tumors but its treatments are limited. Bioinformatics showed that the expression level of long non-coding RNA cancer-associated susceptibility 15 gene (CASC15) is correlated with ICC progression, but its functional mechanism remains unclear. Materials and Methods: Tissues from ICC patients, tumor and adjacent tissue, were used for detection of the expression of CASC15. Clinical data were also collected for clinicopathologic and survival analysis. Short interfering RNA and lentiviral short hairpin RNA were used to knock down CASC15 and PRDX2 expression in ICC cell lines, for the analysis of changes of cell function and xenografts. RNA-pulldown and RNA immunoprecipitation assays were used to detect RNA-binding protein, PRDX2. Male nude mice were used for ICC xenografts, and livers were collected after 4 weeks for immunohistochemistry. Results: CASC15 is highly expressed in ICC tissues and is related to higher TNM stage. Knockdown of CASC15 in ICC cells reduced cell proliferation, migration, invasiveness and increased apoptosis, and G1/S block. PRDX2 bound to CASC15. Knockdown of CASC15 decreased PRDX2 expression which was rescued by the inhibition of proteasome formation. Downregulation of PRDX2 resulted in G1/S block, reduced ICC cell invasion. Downregulation of CASC15 inhibited phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/c-Myc pathway through downregulating of PRDX2 and overexpressed PRDX2 rescued the block. CASC15 knockout in ICC xenografts suppressed tumor development in vivo, decreased the expression of PRDX2 and Ki67 and inhibited PI3K/AKT pathway. Conclusion CASC15 promotes ICC possibly by targeting PRDX2 via the PI3K/AKT pathway, indicating poor prognosis and high degree of malignancy of ICC.

Objective:To explore CT and MRI features of the endolymphatic sac tumor (ELST).Methods:The CT and MRI morphology confirmed by surgical pathology for 19 patients with ELST were retrospectively analyzed from June 2011 to May 2019 in Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University. The features of CT and MRI included location, size, adjacent structures invasion, CT values, bone destruction, features of T 1WI and T 2WI, enhancement distribution characteristics, dynamic enhancement curve morphology, DWI signal characteristics. The ADC values of the lesions and ipsilateral medial pterygoid muscles were compared using a paired t test. Results:Nineteen ELST patients (one with bilateral diseases) were included. Totally 20 ears (right 9 and left 11) of 13 females and 6 males were studied. The masses with slightly high-density and obscure boundary were located around the vestibular aqueduct at the posterior edge of the petrosal bone. Bone destruction involved mastoid process of the middle ear (16 ears), jugular foramen (11 ears), semicircular canal (10 ears), facial nerve canal (7 ears) and internal auditory canal (9 ears). A large amount of residual bone could be found in the interior of nineteen masses. The CT value was (78.6±21.9) HU. The lesion showed central iso-intensity and peripheral hyperintensity on T 1WI and T 2WI in 16 ears, while no obvious hyperintensity on T 1WI in the other 4 ears. The hyperintensity on T 1WI was around the margin of the lesion in 10 ears, situated at lateral side in 5 ears and all over the lesion in 1 ear. Flow voids signals could be seen in 9 ears as well. Liquid-liquid plane was seen on T 2WI in 2 ears. The solid mass portion which showed iso-intensity on both T 1WI and T 2WI presented marked enhancement on contrast-enhanced T 1WI, while other part of the mass no enhancement. DWI of 14 ears illustrates no evidence of restricted diffusion, and the ADC value [(1.25±0.08)×10 -3 mm 2/s] was slightly higher than that of the medial pterygoid muscles ( t=4.437, P=0.001). The style of time-signal intensity curves of the dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI was rapidly ascending followed by descending curves in 2 ears. Conclusion:Imaging findings of ELST have some characteristics, including located around the vestibular aqueduct at the posterior edge of the petrosal bone, bone destruction, peripheral hyperintensity on T 1WI and no restricted diffusion, which is helpful for its diagnosis.