Knee osteoarthritis exhibits a high prevalence and significantly impacts patients′ quality of life. Although surgical interventions demonstrate definitive efficacy, their acceptance rate remains generally low among patients. While knee braces have been widely adopted internationally, domestic research in this field is still limited. International studies suggest that knee braces can be recommended as an early-stage intervention strategy for knee osteoarthritis. Knee braces encompass diverse designs, each with distinct advantages and limitations. Many researchers are actively refining existing brace technologies, while others are innovating novel biomechanical approaches to develop next-generation knee brace systems. Currently, no standardized treatment protocol exists for the use of knee braces in early-stage knee osteoarthritis. This study summarizes and analyzes the research on the application of knee braces in knee osteoarthritis.

This paper summarizes Li Fei's academic insights and clinical experience in treating intractable facial paralysis.Li Fei posits that prolonged illness inevitably leads to deficiency and stasis,and thus,the treatment of intractable facial paralysis should first focus on identifying the etiology and syndrome differentiation,resolving stasis and unblocking stagnation,and regulating qi and blood,with particular emphasis on the relaxation of the meridian sinew system.The meridian sinew system,affiliated with the meridian and collateral,serves as the framework through which qi and blood nourish muscles,tendons,and joints,playing a crucial role in facial paralysis treatment.Guided by the theory of the meridian sinew system,Li Fei employs syndrome-based treatment,integrating the anatomy of facial expression muscles.His approach includes needle-knife therapy to release adhesions and break stasis,acupuncture to harmonize qi and blood,and intradermal needle therapy for sustained stimulation.Through these methods,the meridian sinew system is relaxed,qi and blood are regulated,and facial muscles are nourished,leading to gradual recovery from facial paralysis.

ObjectiveTo explore the correlation between the occurrence of cardiovascular events in rheumatoid arthritis（RA） and traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） syndrome. MethodsThe cross-sectional study selected 6713 RA patients from 122 centres nationwide， in which general information such as name， gender， age， height， body weight， and course of disease were collected by completing a questionnaire； patients were classified into eight types of syndrome according to the information of their four examinations，i.e. wind-dampness obstruction syndrome， cold-dampness obstruction syndrome， dampness-heat obstruction syndrome， phlegm-stasis obstruction syndrome， stasis-blood obstructing collateral syndrome， qi-blood deficiency syndrome， liver-kidney insufficiency syndrome， and qi-yin deficiency syndrome. According to the occurrence of cardiovascular events， they were divided into the occurrence group and the non-occurrence group， and the condition assessment data and laboratory examination indexes were recorded. The test of difference between groups was used to analyse the possible risk factors for the occurrence of RA cardiovascular events， and binary logistic regression was used to analyse the correlation between TCM syndromes and RA cardiovascular events. ResultsA total of 6713 RA patients were included， including 256 cases in occurrence group and 6457 in non-occurrence group. There was no statistically significant difference between groups in terms of height， gender， insomnia， appetite， white blood cell（WBC）， hemoglobin（HGB）， platelets（PLT）， rheumatoid factor（RF）， anti-cyclic peptide containing citrulline（CCP）， alanine aminotransferase（ALT）， aspartate aminotransferase（AST）， γ-glutamyl transpeptidase（GGT）， urea creatinine（CREA）， and glucose（GLU）（P＞0.05）. The TCM syndromes between groups showed significant statistic differences（P＜0.05）. Patients in occurrence group had longer disease duration， heavier body weight， and older age； more severe conditions such as disease activity（DAS-28）， number of painful joints（TJC）， number of swollen joints（SJC）， health questionnaire scores（HAQ）， visual analog scores（VAS）， restlessness， and fatigue； higher blood sedimentation rate（ESR）， low-density lipoprotein（LDL-C）， triglyceride（TG）， total cholesterol（TC）， D-Dimer， and lower high-density lipoprotein（HDL-C）（P＜0.05）. The distribution of syndrome types showed that dampness-heat obstruction syndrome accounted for the largest proportion of patients in both groups and was higher in RA cardiovascular events. Logistic regression analysis showed that the occurrence of RA cardiovascular events was strongly associated with dampness-heat obstruction syndrome［OR=5.937， 95%CI （4.434， 7.949）， P＜0.001］. ConclusionThe occurrence of RA cardiovascular events were associated with TCM syndromes， and the probability of cardiovascular events in the RA patients with dampness-heat obstruction syndrome was 5.937 times higher than patients with other TCM syndromes.

Systemic lupus erythematosus （SLE） may lead to secondary gynecological and obstetric disorders such as decreased ovarian reserve function， menstrual abnormalities， and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Based on "bi （痹） of both body and viscera" theory， this paper proposed that the core mechanism of SLE secondary gynecological and obstetric diseases lies in the mutual transformation between "body bi" and "viscera bi"， which together affect the uterus. Physiologically， uterus forms an internal-external network with the body and viscera through the meridians and blood vessels. Pathologically， when the healthy qi is deficient， nourishment of the body and viscera is impaired； when toxins and stasis accumulate， pathogenic factors disturb the uterus through the chong （冲） and ren （任） meri-dians. The resulting obstruction in the uterus can， in turn， manifest externally and aggravate damage to the body and viscera. Therefore， the pathogenesis of SLE secondary gynecological and obstetric diseases follows a dynamic trajectory of "body bi first， body bi affecting viscera， and then bi of both body and viscera". In treatment， the principle of harmonizing and balancing the healthy qi is emphasized. The main approach is to regulate the viscera， stabilize the body， and nourish the uterus， with the coordination of nourishing the viscera through the body， thereby achieving simultaneous treatment of both body and viscera. This highlights the guiding significance of the "bi of both body and viscera" theory in preventing and treating SLE secondary gynecological and obstetric diseases.

Objective:To investigate the protective effect of a composite hydrogel against hydrogen peroxide(H2O2)-induced oxidative stress injury in the cardiomyocytes,and to clarify its possible mechanism.Methods:The mice were subcutaneously injected with 100 μL of hydrogel.After normal feeding for 1,14,and 28 d,the mice were sacrificed.Tissue samples were collected and subjected to HE staining to observe the histocompatibity of the hydrogel.The primary cardiomyocytes isolated from 1-day-old SD rats were used to establish an oxidative stress injury model.The primary cardiomyocyties were divided into control,H2O2 and H2O2+Hydrogel groups.The primary cardiomyocytes in control group were cultured normally,the primary cardiomyocytes in H2O2 group were treated with 200 μmol·L-1 H2O2 for 24 h,and the primary cardiomyocytes in H2O2+Hydrogel group were incubated with 1 g·L-1 composite hydrogel and 200 μmol·L-1 H2O2 for 24 h.The viabilities of cardiomyocytes in various groups were assessed by cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)method.Dihydroethidium(DHE)and 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate(DCFH-DA)staining were used to assess the reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels in the cells.The expressions of filamentous actin(F-actin)in the cells in various groups were detected by phalloidin fluorescence staining;the expressions of connexin 43(Cx43)and cardiac troponin T(cTnT)proteins in the cardiomyocytes in various groups were detected by immunofluorescence method.The apoptotic rates of cardiomyocytes in various groups were assessed with TUNEL staining method.The expression levels of apoptosis-related proteins B-cell lymphoma-2(Bcl-2)and Bcl-2-associated X protein(Bax)in the cardiomyocytes in various groups were assessed by Western blotting method.Results:The HE staining results showed that the inflammatory cells around the implanted hydrogel were less infiltrated,and the inflammatory reaction of subcutaneous implantation was less.Compared with control group,the viability of cardiomyocytes in H2O2 group was significantly decreased(P＜0.05),the level of ROS in the cells was increased(P＜0.05),the expression levels of Cx43,cTnT and F-actin proteins in the cells were decreased(P＜0.001),the apoptosis rate of cardiomyocytes were decreased(P＜0.01),the expression level of Bcl-2 protein in the cells was increased(P＜0.001),and the expression level of Bax protein was decreased(P＜0.01).Compared with H2O2 group,the viability of cardiomyocytes was significantly increased(P＜0.05),the level of ROS in the cells was decreased(P＜0.01),the expression levels of cTnT,Cx43 and F-actin proteins were increased(P＜0.01),the apoptotic rate of cardiomyocytes were significantly decreased(P＜0.001),the expression level of Bcl-2 protein in the cells were decreased(P＜0.01),and the expression level of Bax protein was increased(P＜0.01).Conclusion:Hydrogel may promote the expression of cardiomyocyte-related proteins by scavenging ROS in the environment and inhibit the cardiomyocyte apoptosis to achieve the protective effect on the cardiomyocytes under oxidative stress.

Objective:To investigate the preventive and therapeutic effects and mechanisms of Dachaihu decoction(DCD)on dextran sodium sulfate(DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis(UC)and liver injury in mice,as well as the association between DCD benefits and gut microbiota modulation.Methods:Mice were treated with DCD(20.10 and 10.05 g/kg)for 2 weeks,with free access to drinking water containing 3%DSS in the second week to induce UC.Histopathological examination,RT-qPCR and 16S rRNA sequencing were used to investigate the effect of DCD on UC mice.Results:DCD pretreatment significantly alleviated weight loss,bloody diarrhea with mucus,histopathological abnormalities of the colon,and colon shortening in mice with DSS-induced UC.In addition,DCD pretreat-ment significantly upregulated the levels of Occludin,ZO-1,and MUC-2 in the colon and protected the intestinal barrier of mice.DCD pretreatment also alleviated inflammatory cell infiltration in the colon and the liver and significantly reduced the expression levels of the proinflammatory factors such as IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-α,iNOS,COX-2,and NLRP3,thereby exerting a protective effect against UC and liver injury.It should be noted that DCD corrected gut micro-biota imbalance in UC mice by enriching probiotic bacteria such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium and reducing harmful bacteria such as Norank_f_Desulfovibrionaceae and Escherichia-Shigella.Conclusion:DCD can alleviate DSS-induced UC and exert a liver-protecting effect by protecting intestinal barrier,inhibiting inflam-mation,and regulating gut microbiota.

Objective:To assess the impact of reducing the mesh density on the overall volume and trueness of single-crown restora-tions.Methods:15 single-crown restorations were included,and their mesh density in 3D software was simplified by 75％,50％,25％,10％and 5％respectively.The overal volume,file size and mesh edge length of the restorations with different reduction levels were compared.Deviation analysis was conducted by curving clipping the area of the shoulder,tissue surface(except for the shoulder)and occlusal surface of the restorations and compared with those of the corresponding regions in the non-simplified restorations.Trueness was assessed using the root mean square(RMS)values for the volume and trueness of different areas.Results:Reducing the mesh den-sity did not significantly affect the overal volume of the single-crown restorations(P＞0.05),but it had a significant impact on the file size(P＜0.001),mesh edge length(P＜0.001)and the trueness of the shoulder(P＜0.001),tissue surface(except for the shoulder)(P＜0.001)and occlusal surface(P＜0.001)areas.Conclusion:Reducing the mesh density had little impact on the overall volume of the restorations but significantly affected their trueness.

Objective To investigate the effects of MCSO on physiological behavior and antioxidant index in D.melanogaster.Methods One-day-old wild type D.melanogaster was divided into control group,0.25％,0.5％,1％,2％and 4％dose groups,as well as male and female groups.The control group was exposed to the base medium,and each dose group was exposed to the MCSO medium added with 0.25％,0.5％,1％,2％and 4％concentrations,respectively.The optimal dosage concentration and time of administration were investigated by climbing experiment.Then the flies were divided into control group,model group and MCSO group.The model group was established by depriving the flies of sleep through repeated nocturnal light stimulation.Period of drug treatment,appetite test,negative geotaxis ability test,stress test,olfactory memory test,and sleep-wake rhythm detection were used to explore the effects of MCSO on their physiological behavior.The activities of super oxidase dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT),and malondialdehyde(MDA)were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results MCSO enhanced the locomotory ability of 30-day-old D.melanogaster(P＜0.01),increased the activity of SOD and CAT(P＜0.01),and decreased the concentration of MDA(P＜0.01).Improve olfactory memory of senile fruit flies.After sleep deprivation,the night sleep time of female Drosophila model group was reduced(P＜0.05),and that of male Drosophila model group was reduced(P＜0.01).After feeding MCSO,the night sleep time of female drosophila model group was extended(P＜0.05),and that of male drosophila model group was extended(P＜0.01).Conclusions MCSO had a certain antioxidant effect,prolonging the sleep time and improving the olfactory memory of sleep-deprived Drosophila.

Objective:To analyze the efficacy and safety of FOLFOX-hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) combined with targeted immunotherapy for initial unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the data of initial unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma patients who visited Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine from June 2022 to June 2023. A total of 51 patients were enrolled, including 47 males and 4 females, with the age of (56.1±10.7) years. All 51 patients received HAIC combined with immune targeted therapy. After each HAIC combined with immune targeted therapy, the efficacy was evaluated according to the modified response evaluation cirteria in solid tumor (mRECIST). Objective response rate and disease control rate were calculuted. The conversion surgery rate and adverse events during treatment were recorded. Follow up patients' disease progression and survival status, and meanwhile analyze prognosis.Results:According to mRECIST assessment, the number of patients with complete remission, partial remission, disease stability, and disease progression were 4 (7.8%), 27 (52.9%), 14 (27.4%), and 6 (11.8%), respectively. The disease remission rate was 60.8%(31/51), and the disease control rate was 88.2%(45/51). After HAIC combined with immune targeted therapy, 13 patients underwent liver cancer resection, with a surgical conversion rate of 25.5%(13/51). The median progression free survival of 51 patients was 14.2 months, and the median overall survival has not yet been reached. The progression free survival rates of 51 patients at 6 and 12 months were 90.2% and 64.7%, respectively, and the cumulative survival rates at 6 and 12 months were 100% and 86.3%, respectively. During the treatment period, all patients experienced various degrees of adverse reactions, 38(75.5%) patients were grade 1-2 adverse accidents, which could be relieved and controlled after corresponding treatment.Conclusion:FOLFOX-HAIC combined with targeted immunotherapy provides an effective and safe treatment option for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma, offering surgical resection opportunities for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma patients.

Objective:To construct an assessment tool for laparoscopic left lateral sectionectomy skills.Methods:From November 2023 to January 2024, 22 clinical experts in hepatopancreatobiliary surgery from different regions of China were selected for this study. A preliminary indicator system was established through literature review, and the indicators and their weights at each level were determined using the Delphi method and analytic hierarchy process (AHP).Results:In the two rounds of consultation, the expert positive coefficients were 100.00% and 90.91%, authority coefficients were 0.984 and 0.985, Kendall coefficients were 0.231 and 0.193 ( P<0.001), and Cronbach's α coefficients were 0.905 and 0.865, respectively. A skill assessment tool for laparoscopic left lateral sectionectomy skills was constructed consisting of 5 primary indicators and 23 secondary indicators. AHP analysis showed that the concordance rate of each matrix of the secondary indicators was <0.1, meeting the consistency test requirements. Conclusions:The assessment tool for laparoscopic left lateral sectionectomy skills developed in this study is objective and reliable for evaluating the surgical skills of novice surgeons.