In recent years,the microorganisms residues in endoscopes have frequently resulted in cross transmis-sion or even the outbreak of hospital-associated infections.It is of great importance to carry out standardized bio-logical surveillance of endoscopes,find out the high-risk links of cleaning and disinfection,and take targeted inter-vention measures to reduce the incidence of endoscopy-related infection.Based on the related guidelines in China and abroad as well as the latest clinical practice researches,the biological surveillance sampling and culture for en-doscopes were summarized in the article so as to enhance the surveillance quality,ensure the reprocessing effect and guarantee the endoscopy-related quality and safety.

In recent years,the microorganisms residues in endoscopes have frequently resulted in cross transmis-sion or even the outbreak of hospital-associated infections.It is of great importance to carry out standardized bio-logical surveillance of endoscopes,find out the high-risk links of cleaning and disinfection,and take targeted inter-vention measures to reduce the incidence of endoscopy-related infection.Based on the related guidelines in China and abroad as well as the latest clinical practice researches,the biological surveillance sampling and culture for en-doscopes were summarized in the article so as to enhance the surveillance quality,ensure the reprocessing effect and guarantee the endoscopy-related quality and safety.

Thermal proteome profiling (TPP) is a combination of cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA) and quantitative mass spectrometry (MS), also termed as MS-CETSA. TPP determines the stability of the entire proteome by measuring the content of soluble proteins in cells or cell lysates at different heating temperatures. Proteins can change their thermostability when interacting with small molecules (e.g., drugs or metabolites), nucleic acids, or other proteins or posttranslational modification, while TPP can identify target proteins based on the difference in thermostability with or without ligand-binding. At present, TPP has been applied to identify the targets and off-targets of drugs and interrogate protein-metabolite and protein-protein interactions. Due to limited understanding of this technology, this review introduced the principles, methods, applications, advantages and limitations of TPP.
Proteome ; Mass Spectrometry

Objective To discuss the operation style of filling,film-style,three-dimensional double-layer mesh tension-free for hernia and the repair materials,the selectlon of surgical operation style for reducing recurrence.Methods We used the style of plug-and-chip,two-dimensional mesh tension-free hernia repair for the treatment of 130 cases of inguinal hernia patients.Results In 130 cases of patients with 1~5 years of follow-up,there was no recurrence.Conclusion A reasonable choice of repair materials and improving the surgical operation can be effective in reducing recurrence.