Objective:To investigate the effects of electroheating on pathologic pain, endoplasmic reticulum stress and EGFR/JAK/STAT signaling pathway in rats with knee osteoarthritis.Methods:Totally 40 SPF SD male rats were divided into normal group (10 rats) and modeling group (40 rats) with random number table method. The model of knee osteoarthritis was prepared by injecting sodium iodoacetate into the joint cavity. The successfully modeled rats were divided into model group, sodium hyaluronate group, and electroheating needle group, with 10 rats in each group. After successful modeling, sodium hyaluronate group was injected with 0.1 ml sodium hyaluronate into joint cavity. The electrothermal acupuncture group was treated with electrothermal acupuncture, and the normal group and the model group were given the same volume of normal saline at the same time, once a day, for two weeks. The mechanical pain threshold (PWT) and thermal pain threshold (PWL) in rats were detected. The pathological morphology of cartilage was detected by HE staining. Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expressions of glucose regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) in cartilage tissue. Western blot was used to detect the expressions of EGFR, JAK, and STAT proteins, while RT-PCR was used to detect the mRNA levels of GRP78, CHOP, EGFR, JAK, and STAT in cartilage tissue.Results:The normal group had normal cartilage tissue structure, orderly distribution of synovial cells, neat arrangement of chondrocytes, and no inflammatory cell infiltration. The model group had synovial hyperplasia and hypertrophy, irregular arrangement of synovial cells and a large number of hyperplasia, disordered arrangement of chondrocytes and increased number of inflammatory cell infiltration. Compared with the model group, the PWT and PWL in cartilage tissues of sodium hyaluronate group and electrothermal acupuncture group increased ( P<0.05), the expressions of GRP78 and CHOP in cartilage tissues decreased ( P<0.05), the protein expressions of EGFR, JAK1 and STAT1 in cartilage tissue decreased, and the mRNA expressions of GRP78, CHOP, EGFR, JAK1 and STAT1 in cartilage tissue decreased ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Electroheating needle can improve pathological pain in knee osteoarthritis model rats, and its mechanism may be related to inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress and regulating the EGFR/JAK/STAT signaling pathway.

Objective:To observe the effects of electroacupuncture at "Shenting", "Benshen" and "Baihui" acupoints on the mechanical pain threshold and JAK/PI3K/TRPV1 pathway in the trigeminal ganglion of rats with trigeminal neuralgia model; To explore the related mechanism.Methods:Totally 36 male SD rats were divided into sham-operation group, model group and electroacupuncture group using random number table method, with 12 rats in each group. Except for the sham-operation group, rats in the model group and electroacupuncture group were modeled by infraorbital nerve chronic constriction injury. In the electroacupuncture group, electroacupuncture was performed at "Shenting", "Benshen" and "Baihui" 14 days after surgery, 20 min every day, once every other day, and every 3 times for 1 course of treatment with an interval of 2 d between each course of treatment. A total of 2 courses of treatment were performed. VonFrey fiber wire was used to measure the mechanical pain threshold of rat whisker pads. HE staining was used to observe the morphology and structure of trigeminal ganglion of rats in each group. Immunohistochemistry and Western blot method were used to observe the protein expressions of JAK, PI3K and TRPV1 in trigeminal ganglion of rats, and the serum level of IL-6 was detected in the serum of rats by ELISA.Results:Compared with the model group, the pain threshold of the electroacupuncture group increased significantly ( P<0.05), and the infiltration of inflammatory cells and demyelination in the trigeminal nerve ganglion decreased, and the positive expressions of JAK, PI3K, and TRPV1 in the trigeminal ganglion decreased ( P<0.05 or P<0.01), the protein expressions of JAK2, PI3K, and TRPV1 decreased ( P<0.05 or P<0.01), and the serum IL-6 level decreased ( P<0.01). Conclusions:Electroacupuncture at "Shenting", "Benshen" and "Baihui" may play an analgesic role by regulating IL-6 levels and inhibiting the activation of JAK/PI3K/TRPV1 signaling pathway.

Hypertrophic scar is the most common scar in clinic. Due to its high incidence, high rate of relapse and difficulty of complete removal, it has always been a big problem in burn and plastic surgery. In recent years, some scholars have found that botulinum toxin type A(BTX-A) can inhibit scar hyperplasia by reducing the tension around the wound, inhibiting the proliferation of fibroblasts, promoting their apoptosis, promoting the degradation of collagen fibers, reducing wound angiogenesis, reducing inflammation around the wound and other mechanisms. BTX-A has fewer adverse reactions and high safety. Additionally, its effect combined with triamcinolone acetonide and laser in treating scars is significant. Therefore, it has been widely used in the treatment of hypertrophic scars. In this paper, the research progress of BTX-A in the prevention and treatment of hypertrophic scar were reviewed in order to provide new ideas for the treatment of hypertrophic scar.

Hypertrophic scar is the most common scar in the clinic. Due to its high incidence, high rate of recurrence, and difficulty of complete removal, it has always been a major problem in the department of burn and plastic surgery. In recent years, some scholars have found that botulinum toxin type A(BTX-A) can inhibit scar hyperplasia by reducing the tension around the wound, inhibiting the proliferation of fibroblasts, promoting their apoptosis, promoting the degradation of collagen fibers, reducing wound angiogenesis, reducing inflammation around the wound and other mechanisms. BTX-A has fewer adverse reactions and high safety. Additionally, its effect combined with triamcinolone acetonide and laser in treating scars is significant. Therefore, it has been widely used in the treatment of hypertrophic scars. In this paper, the research progress of BTX-A in the prevention and treatment of hypertrophic scar was reviewed in order to provide new ideas for the treatment of hypertrophic scar.

BACKGROUND: To compare the efficacy and safety of dose-adjusted etoposide, prednisone, vincristine, cyclophosphamide, and doxorubicin plus rituximab (DA-EPOCH-R) with standard rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP) in Waldeyer's ring diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (WR-DLBCL) at a single institution. METHODS: This retrospective study included 115 newly diagnosed patients with WR-DLBCL, of whom 68 patients received R-CHOP, and 47 patients received DA-EPOCH-R as their first-line treatment. The baseline features of the two groups were well balanced using a 1:1 propensity score matching method, and a total of 84 cases were obtained, including respective 42 cases in the R-CHOP and DA-EPOCH-R groups, for further survival and prognosis analysis. The primary objectives included progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). RESULTS: During a median follow-up of 45 months, there were nine (21.4%) deaths in the R-CHOP group and two (4.8%) in the DA-EPOCH-R group. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed statistically significant improvements in PFS and OS in patients with DA-EPOCH-R compared with those treated with R-CHOP (log-rank test, P  = 0.025 and P  = 0.035, respectively). The 2-year PFS and OS rates in the DA-EPOCH-R group were 90.1% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 81.4-99.8%) and 95.2% (95% CI: 89.0-100.0%), respectively, and 80.5% (95% CI: 69.3-93.6%) and 90.5% (95% CI: 52.8-99.8%) in the R-CHOP group. Patients without B symptoms and elevated lactate dehydrogenase levels had a higher PFS in the DA-EPOCH-R group, with P values of 0.038 (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.11; 95% CI: 0.01-0.88) and 0.042 (HR: 0.19; 95% CI: 0.04-0.94), respectively. There were no statistically significant differences in clinical responses and treatment-related toxicities between the two groups. CONCLUSION Compared with patients received R-CHOP, those treated by DA-EPOCH-R had superior PFS, OS, and controlled toxicity in patients with WR-DLBCL.
Humans ; Rituximab/therapeutic use* ; Vincristine/therapeutic use* ; Retrospective Studies ; Prednisone/therapeutic use* ; Etoposide/therapeutic use* ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use* ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/drug therapy* ; Cyclophosphamide/therapeutic use* ; Doxorubicin/therapeutic use*

Color is an important indicator for evaluating the ornamental traits of horticultural plants, and plant pigments is a key factor affecting the color phenotype of plants. Plant pigments and their metabolites play important roles in color formation of ornamental organs, regulation of plant growth and development, and response to adversity stress. It has therefore became a hot topic in the field of plant research. Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) is a vital genomics tool that specifically reduces host endogenous gene expression utilizing plant homology-dependent defense mechanisms. In addition, VIGS enables characterization of gene function by rapidly inducing the gene-silencing phenotypes in plants. It provides an efficient and feasible alternative for verifying gene function in plant species lacking genetic transformation systems. This paper reviews the current status of the application of VIGS technology in the biosynthesis, degradation and regulatory mechanisms of plant pigments. Moreover, this review discusses the potential and future prospects of VIGS technology in exploring the regulatory mechanisms of plant pigments, with the aim to further our understandings of the metabolic processes and regulatory mechanisms of different plant pigments as well as improving plant color traits.
Plant Viruses/genetics* ; Plants/genetics* ; Gene Silencing ; Plant Development ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Genetic Vectors

Hypertrophic scar is the most common scar in clinic. Due to its high incidence, high rate of relapse and difficulty of complete removal, it has always been a big problem in burn and plastic surgery. In recent years, some scholars have found that botulinum toxin type A(BTX-A) can inhibit scar hyperplasia by reducing the tension around the wound, inhibiting the proliferation of fibroblasts, promoting their apoptosis, promoting the degradation of collagen fibers, reducing wound angiogenesis, reducing inflammation around the wound and other mechanisms. BTX-A has fewer adverse reactions and high safety. Additionally, its effect combined with triamcinolone acetonide and laser in treating scars is significant. Therefore, it has been widely used in the treatment of hypertrophic scars. In this paper, the research progress of BTX-A in the prevention and treatment of hypertrophic scar were reviewed in order to provide new ideas for the treatment of hypertrophic scar.

Hypertrophic scar is the most common scar in the clinic. Due to its high incidence, high rate of recurrence, and difficulty of complete removal, it has always been a major problem in the department of burn and plastic surgery. In recent years, some scholars have found that botulinum toxin type A(BTX-A) can inhibit scar hyperplasia by reducing the tension around the wound, inhibiting the proliferation of fibroblasts, promoting their apoptosis, promoting the degradation of collagen fibers, reducing wound angiogenesis, reducing inflammation around the wound and other mechanisms. BTX-A has fewer adverse reactions and high safety. Additionally, its effect combined with triamcinolone acetonide and laser in treating scars is significant. Therefore, it has been widely used in the treatment of hypertrophic scars. In this paper, the research progress of BTX-A in the prevention and treatment of hypertrophic scar was reviewed in order to provide new ideas for the treatment of hypertrophic scar.

Objective:To observe the clinical effect of acupuncture treatment based on Tiaoshen theory for the patients with functional dyspepsia (FD) and depression with liver-stomach disharmony syndrome. Methods:A total of 76 FD patients from May 2018 to August 2019 were randomly divided into 2 groups with 38 patients in each group. In the routine group, acupoints were selected routinely, and in Tiaoshen group, acupoints were selected by Tiaoshen theory. Both groups were treated for 28 days. The results were evaluated by Nepean Dyspepsia Index (NDI), TCM Syndrome Score and Hamilton Depression Scale-24 (HAMD-24). Results:The total effective rate of both groups was 94.6% (35/37) in Tiaoshen group and 75.0% (27/36) in routine group. There was significant difference between the two groups ( χ2=6.125, P=0.011). The NDI in Tiaoshen group was significantly lower than that of routine group ( t=3.038, P=0.003). The scores of interference domain, control domain, food and beverage domain and sleep disturbance domain in Tiaoshen group were significantly higher than those in routine group ( t=3.096, 2.460, 2.225, 2.732, P<0.05); the TCM Syndrome Score in Tiaoshen group was significantly lower than that of routine group ( t=3.241, P=0.002), and that of HAMD-24 was significantly lower than that of routine group ( t=2.767, P=0.007). Conclusion:Treatment based on Tiaoshen theory can improve the quality of life of FD patients in the fields of interference, control, food and beverage and sleep disturbance, and reduce the patients’depression.

OBJECTIVE：To compare cli nical effect and safety of different doses of Xuebijing injection combined with Ulinastatin injection in the treatment of sepsis complicated with acute lung injury （ALI）. METHODS ：Totally 115 patients diagnosed as sepsis complicated with ALI were collected from Jul. 2015 to Nov. 2019 in intensive care unit of our hospital. According to therapy method ，the patients were divided into control group （26 cases），low-dose group （29 cases），medium-dose group（30 cases），high-dose group （30 cases）. The control group received Ulinastatin injection 300 thousands u intravenously ，q8 h， for consecutive 5 days，on the basis of routine treatment. On the basis of control group ，low-dose group additionally received intravenous drip of Xuebijing injection 50 mL，bid，for consecutive 7 days；medium-dose group additionally received intravenous drip of Xuebijing injection 100 mL，bid，for consecutive 7 days；high-dose group additionally received intravenous drip of Xuebijing injection 100 mL，qid，for consecutive 7 days. The serum inflammatory factors （IL-6，TNF-α，CRP），respiratory function indexes （PaO2，PaO2/FiO2，ELWI）and related scores （APACEⅡ score and SOFA score ）were compared among 4 groups before and after treatment ，and mechanical ventilation time ，ICU hospitalization time ，28-day mortality rate and adverse reactions during the treatment were recorded. RESULTS ：Before treatment ，there was no statistical significance in serum inflammatory factors，respiratory function indexes or related scores among 4 groups（P＞0.05）. After treatment ，serum inflammatory factors ， ELWI and related scores of 4 groups were decreased significantly ；the low-dose ，medium-dose and high-dose groups were significantly lower than the control group ；the high-dose group was significantly lower than the low-dose and medium-dose groups （P＜0.05）. PaO 2 and PaO 2/FiO2 of 4 groups were increased significantly ，compared with before treatment ；the low-dose ， medium-dose and high-dose groups were significantly higher than the control group ；the high-dose group was significantly higher than the low-dose and medium-dose groups （P＜0.05）. The mechanical ventilation time and ICU hospitalization time in the low-dose，medium-dose and high-dose groups were significantly shorter than control group （P＜0.05），but there was no statistical significance in above indexes among different doses groups （P＞0.05）. There was no statistical significance in 28-day mortality among 4 groups（P＞0.05），and no serious adverse reactions were found. CONCLUSIONS ：Different doses of Xuebijing injection combined with Ulinastatin injection could effectively decrease the level of serum inflammatory factors in patients with sepsis complicated with ALI ，improve lung function and relieve the degree of organ failure ；after combined with high-dose Xuebijing injection，the therapeutic effect is more obvious and does not affect the treatment safety.