Objective To explore the effects of hydroxytyrosol-mediated macrophage polarization on burn wound healing in rats.Methods SD rats were randomly divided into burn group,hydroxytyrosol group,hydroxytyrosol+ov-NC group and hydroxytyrosol+ov-S100A9 group,with 10 rats in each group.Burn model was established by metal weight burn method.Wound healing rate was calculated;HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of wound skin tissue in rats;immunofluorescence was used to detect the ratios of M1 and M2 macrophages in the wound skin of rats;ELISA was used to detect the levels of macrophage inflammatory factors in the wound skin of rats;Western blot was used to detect the expression of S100A9/TLR4/NF-κB signal pathway in wound skin of rats.Results Compared with the burn group,hydroxytyrosol group and hydroxytyrosol+ov-NC group demonstrated higher wound healing ability and alleviated pathological damage,lower levels of M1 type macrophages and related factors,higher levels of M2 type macrophages and related factors,and lower expression of S100A9,TLR4 and p-NF-κB p65 proteins.Compared with hydroxytyrosol group and hydroxytyrosol+ov-NC group,S100A9 overexpression reduced the wound healing ability and aggravated the pathological damage,increased M1 type macrophages and related factors,decreased M2 type macrophages and related factors,and increased the expression of S100A9,TLR4 and p-NF-κB p65 proteins in hydroxytyrosol+ov-S100A9 group.Conclusion Hydroxytyrosol promotes wound healing in burn rats by down-regulating S100A9,and its mechanism may be related to inhibiting the activation of TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway and improving the imbalance of M1/M2 macrophages.

The therapeutic efficacy and possible mechanism of action of superficial needling therapy for knee osteoarthritis(KOA)are reviewed by analyzing relevant medical literature.Superficial needling therapy exerts certain efficacy in treating KOA,and the clinical efficacy could be further improved by combining it with conventional acupuncture,as well as Chinese medicine and other acupuncture methods alone.The therapy of stimulation of meridian qi and invigoration of yang qiare in line with the pathogenesis of KOA.Superficial needling therapy exerts certain effect on KOA by enhancing acupuncture stimulation,enlarging the treatment area,and releasing muscle and fascia.

Objective To explore the effects of hydroxytyrosol-mediated macrophage polarization on burn wound healing in rats.Methods SD rats were randomly divided into burn group,hydroxytyrosol group,hydroxytyrosol+ov-NC group and hydroxytyrosol+ov-S100A9 group,with 10 rats in each group.Burn model was established by metal weight burn method.Wound healing rate was calculated;HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of wound skin tissue in rats;immunofluorescence was used to detect the ratios of M1 and M2 macrophages in the wound skin of rats;ELISA was used to detect the levels of macrophage inflammatory factors in the wound skin of rats;Western blot was used to detect the expression of S100A9/TLR4/NF-κB signal pathway in wound skin of rats.Results Compared with the burn group,hydroxytyrosol group and hydroxytyrosol+ov-NC group demonstrated higher wound healing ability and alleviated pathological damage,lower levels of M1 type macrophages and related factors,higher levels of M2 type macrophages and related factors,and lower expression of S100A9,TLR4 and p-NF-κB p65 proteins.Compared with hydroxytyrosol group and hydroxytyrosol+ov-NC group,S100A9 overexpression reduced the wound healing ability and aggravated the pathological damage,increased M1 type macrophages and related factors,decreased M2 type macrophages and related factors,and increased the expression of S100A9,TLR4 and p-NF-κB p65 proteins in hydroxytyrosol+ov-S100A9 group.Conclusion Hydroxytyrosol promotes wound healing in burn rats by down-regulating S100A9,and its mechanism may be related to inhibiting the activation of TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway and improving the imbalance of M1/M2 macrophages.

Objective Under the operation background of Diagnosis-Intervention Packet(DIP),whether there is interaction between reducing medical cost and average length of stay combined with pre-hospitalization mode,and whether there is difference between different departments and diseases in interaction.Methods Based on real-world data from 71 453 patients admitted to Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital from July to December 2021,a two-way analysis of variance was employed.When the interaction effect was statistically significant,parameter estimation was used to determine the magnitude and direction of the interaction effect,followed by subgroup analyses by department and disease.Results Without adjustment,both total medical costs and average length of stay exhibited a negative interaction effect(P＜0.05).Subgroup analyses revealed that in terms of total medical costs,the effect size for the surgical system was 0.18％,lower than that for the internal medicine system(0.70％);for core diseases,it was 6.62％,lower than that for comprehensive diseases(7.71％).Regarding average length of stay,the effect size for the surgical system was 0.55％,better than that for the internal medicine system(0.22％);for core diseases,it was 8.70％,higher than that for comprehensive diseases(2.90％).Conclusion The combination of DIP payment reform and pre-admission management model demonstrates a synergistic effect,effectively reducing patients' medical costs and length of stay.This effect is influenced by disease complexity and the standardization of diagnostic and treatment processes.

Objective Under the operation background of Diagnosis-Intervention Packet(DIP),whether there is interaction between reducing medical cost and average length of stay combined with pre-hospitalization mode,and whether there is difference between different departments and diseases in interaction.Methods Based on real-world data from 71 453 patients admitted to Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital from July to December 2021,a two-way analysis of variance was employed.When the interaction effect was statistically significant,parameter estimation was used to determine the magnitude and direction of the interaction effect,followed by subgroup analyses by department and disease.Results Without adjustment,both total medical costs and average length of stay exhibited a negative interaction effect(P＜0.05).Subgroup analyses revealed that in terms of total medical costs,the effect size for the surgical system was 0.18％,lower than that for the internal medicine system(0.70％);for core diseases,it was 6.62％,lower than that for comprehensive diseases(7.71％).Regarding average length of stay,the effect size for the surgical system was 0.55％,better than that for the internal medicine system(0.22％);for core diseases,it was 8.70％,higher than that for comprehensive diseases(2.90％).Conclusion The combination of DIP payment reform and pre-admission management model demonstrates a synergistic effect,effectively reducing patients' medical costs and length of stay.This effect is influenced by disease complexity and the standardization of diagnostic and treatment processes.

Objective:To evaluate the diagnostic efficacy and practicality of the Jaundice color card (JCard) as a screening tool for neonatal jaundice.Methods:Following the standards for reporting of diagnostic accuracy studies (STARD) statement, a multicenter prospective study was conducted in 9 hospitals in China from October 2019 to September 2021. A total of 845 newborns who were admitted to the hospital or outpatient department for liver function testing due to their own diseases. The inclusion criteria were a gestational age of ≥35 weeks, a birth weight of ≥2 000 g, and an age of ≤28 days. The neonate′s parents used the JCard to measure jaundice at the neonate′s cheek. Within 2 hours of the JCard measurement, transcutaneous bilirubin (TcB) was measured with a JH20-1B device and total serum bilirubin (TSB) was detected. The Pearson′s correlation analysis, Bland-Altman plots and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were used for statistic analysis.Results:Out of the 854 newborns, 445 were male and 409 were female; 46 were born at 35-36 weeks of gestational age and 808 were born at ≥37 weeks of gestational age. Additionally, 432 cases were aged 0-3 days, 236 cases were aged 4-7 days, and 186 cases were aged 8-28 days. The TSB level was (227.4±89.6) μmol/L, with a range of 23.7-717.0 μmol/L. The JCard level was (221.4±77.0) μmol/L and the TcB level was (252.5±76.0) μmol/L. Both the JCard and TcB values showed good correlation ( r=0.77 and 0.80, respectively) and agreements (96.0% (820/854) and 95.2% (813/854) of samples fell within the 95% limits of agreement, respectively) with TSB. The JCard value of 12 had a sensitivity of 0.93 and specificity of 0.75 for identifying a TSB ≥205.2?μmol/L, and a sensitivity of 1.00 and specificity of 0.35 for identifying a TSB ≥342.0?μmol/L. The TcB value of 205.2?μmol/L had a sensitivity of 0.97 and specificity of 0.60 for identifying TSB levels of 205.2 μmol/L, and a sensitivity of 1.00 and specificity of 0.26 for identifying TSB levels of 342.0 μmol/L. The areas under the ROC curve (AUC) of JCard for identifying TSB levels of 153.9, 205.2, 256.5, and 342.0 μmol/L were 0.96, 0.92, 0.83, and 0.83, respectively. The AUC of TcB were 0.94, 0.91, 0.86, and 0.87, respectively. There were both no significant differences between the AUC of JCard and TcB in identifying TSB levels of 153.9 and 205.2 μmol/L (both P>0.05). However, the AUC of JCard were both lower than those of TcB in identifying TSB levels of 256.5 and 342.0 μmol/L (both P<0.05). Conclusions:JCard can be used to classify different levels of bilirubin, but its diagnostic efficacy decreases with increasing bilirubin levels. When TSB level are ≤205.2 μmol/L, its diagnostic efficacy is equivalent to that of the JH20-1B. To prevent the misdiagnosis of severe jaundice, it is recommended that parents use a low JCard score, such as 12, to identify severe hyperbilirubinemia (TSB ≥342.0 μmol/L).

Objectives: . Considerable research has been focused on independent predictors of difficult laryngeal exposure (DLE) during suspension laryngoscopy. However, previous studies have yielded inconsistent results and conclusions. Consequently, we performed a meta-analysis of the existing literature with the aim of identifying significant parameters for a standardized preoperative DLE prediction system. Methods: . We systematically retrieved articles from the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang databases up to October 2022. Data from eligible studies were extracted and analyzed using the R programming language. The effect measures included odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for dichotomous variables and mean differences (MDs) with 95% CIs for continuous variables. Results: . The search yielded 1,574 studies, of which 18 (involving a total of 2,263 patients) were included. Pooled analysis demonstrated that patients with DLE during microsurgery tended to be male (OR, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.16–2.57); were older (MD, 5.47 years, 95% CI, 2.44–8.51 years); had a higher body mass index (BMI; MD, 1.19 kg/m2; 95% CI, 0.33–2.05 kg/m2); had a greater neck circumference (MD, 2.50 cm; 95% CI, 1.56–3.44 cm); exhibited limited mouth opening (MD, −0.52 cm; 95% CI, −0.88 to −0.15 cm); had limited neck flexibility (MD, −10.05 cm; 95% CI, −14.10 to −6.00 cm); displayed various other anatomical characteristics; and had a high modified Mallampati index (MMI) or test score (OR, 3.37; 95% CI, 2.07–5.48). Conclusion . We conducted a comprehensive and systematic analysis of the factors relevant to DLE. Ultimately, we identified sex, age, BMI, neck circumference, MMI, inter-incisor gap, hyomental distance, thyromental distance, sternomental distance, and flexion-extension angle as factors highly correlated with DLE.

Objective:To investigate clinical and imaging parameters to predict blood loss and cranial nerve injury (CNI) following carotid body paraganglioma (CBP) resection.Methods:A retrospective examination of clinical and imaging data was conducted on 63 patients who underwent CBP resection at Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from January 2016 to December 2022, including 23 males and 40 females, aged 26-87 years old. Three imaging parameters including tumor volume, the angle of contact with the internal carotid artery (ICA), and the distance to the base of skull (DTBOS) were gauged using the IMEDPACS software on CTA and MR imaging. The predictive efficacies of age, gender, Shamblin classification, and three imaging parameters for blood loss and CNI following surgery were analysed. Logistic composite parameter models were constructed and their predictive validity was assessed.Results:Multivariate logistic regression analysis underscored that only tumor volume ( OR=1.381,95% CI:1.167-1.507, P=0.001) showed significant statistical correlations with blood loss following surgery. Area under curve (AUC) values of 0.910 for receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves showed a sensitivity of 1.000 and a specificity of 0.694. Tumor volume ( OR=1.126,95% CI:1.030-1.231, P=0.002) and DTBOS ( OR=0.225,95% CI:0.081-0.630, P=0.005) were significantly associated with postoperative CNI. The analysis of logistic composite model showed AUC values for tumor volume, DTBOS and combination of the two parameters were 0.858, 0.788, and 0.872, respectively. The model for combination of tumor volume and DTBOS also proved superior in predicting postoperative CNI ( Z=3.106, P<0.001), with a sensitivity of 0.833 and a specificity of 0.769. Conclusions:Tumor volume and DTBOS emerged as effective predictors for blood loss and/or CNI in patients with CBP resection. Moreover, the logistic composite parameter model outclassed single-parameter models in terms of their predictive clinical value.

BACKGROUND: To compare the efficacy and safety of dose-adjusted etoposide, prednisone, vincristine, cyclophosphamide, and doxorubicin plus rituximab (DA-EPOCH-R) with standard rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP) in Waldeyer's ring diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (WR-DLBCL) at a single institution. METHODS: This retrospective study included 115 newly diagnosed patients with WR-DLBCL, of whom 68 patients received R-CHOP, and 47 patients received DA-EPOCH-R as their first-line treatment. The baseline features of the two groups were well balanced using a 1:1 propensity score matching method, and a total of 84 cases were obtained, including respective 42 cases in the R-CHOP and DA-EPOCH-R groups, for further survival and prognosis analysis. The primary objectives included progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). RESULTS: During a median follow-up of 45 months, there were nine (21.4%) deaths in the R-CHOP group and two (4.8%) in the DA-EPOCH-R group. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed statistically significant improvements in PFS and OS in patients with DA-EPOCH-R compared with those treated with R-CHOP (log-rank test, P  = 0.025 and P  = 0.035, respectively). The 2-year PFS and OS rates in the DA-EPOCH-R group were 90.1% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 81.4-99.8%) and 95.2% (95% CI: 89.0-100.0%), respectively, and 80.5% (95% CI: 69.3-93.6%) and 90.5% (95% CI: 52.8-99.8%) in the R-CHOP group. Patients without B symptoms and elevated lactate dehydrogenase levels had a higher PFS in the DA-EPOCH-R group, with P values of 0.038 (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.11; 95% CI: 0.01-0.88) and 0.042 (HR: 0.19; 95% CI: 0.04-0.94), respectively. There were no statistically significant differences in clinical responses and treatment-related toxicities between the two groups. CONCLUSION Compared with patients received R-CHOP, those treated by DA-EPOCH-R had superior PFS, OS, and controlled toxicity in patients with WR-DLBCL.
Humans ; Rituximab/therapeutic use* ; Vincristine/therapeutic use* ; Retrospective Studies ; Prednisone/therapeutic use* ; Etoposide/therapeutic use* ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use* ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/drug therapy* ; Cyclophosphamide/therapeutic use* ; Doxorubicin/therapeutic use*

Color is an important indicator for evaluating the ornamental traits of horticultural plants, and plant pigments is a key factor affecting the color phenotype of plants. Plant pigments and their metabolites play important roles in color formation of ornamental organs, regulation of plant growth and development, and response to adversity stress. It has therefore became a hot topic in the field of plant research. Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) is a vital genomics tool that specifically reduces host endogenous gene expression utilizing plant homology-dependent defense mechanisms. In addition, VIGS enables characterization of gene function by rapidly inducing the gene-silencing phenotypes in plants. It provides an efficient and feasible alternative for verifying gene function in plant species lacking genetic transformation systems. This paper reviews the current status of the application of VIGS technology in the biosynthesis, degradation and regulatory mechanisms of plant pigments. Moreover, this review discusses the potential and future prospects of VIGS technology in exploring the regulatory mechanisms of plant pigments, with the aim to further our understandings of the metabolic processes and regulatory mechanisms of different plant pigments as well as improving plant color traits.
Plant Viruses/genetics* ; Plants/genetics* ; Gene Silencing ; Plant Development ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Genetic Vectors