Objective To evaluate the effect of a multidisciplinary collaborative quality control management (hereinafter referred to as "QC management") on improving the performance of biological safety cabinets in hospital. Methods A total of 63 ClassⅡbiological safety cabinets in active use at Peking University Third Hospital were selected as the study subjects using the before-after study mode. Conventional management was implemented on the biological safety cabinets from 2018 to 2021. QC management was used in 2022. The compliance of biological safety cabinets management norm and performance differences under the two models were compared. Results The median and the 25th and 75th percentiles [M(P₂₅, P₇₅)] of the service life among these 63 biological safety cabinets were 3 (1,6) years. The overall performance pass rate and inflow velocity pass rate of biological safety cabinets were higher in the QC management than that in the conventional management (90.5% vs 65.1%, 96.8% vs 84.1%, both P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in downflow velocity, high-efficiency particulate air filter integrity, cleanliness, airflow smoke pattern, noise, and illumination pass rates of biosafety cabinets before and after the implementation of QC management (79.4% vs 88.9%, 90.5% vs 100.0%, 96.8% vs 100.0%, 85.7% vs 100.0%, 100.0% vs 100.0%, and 85.7% vs 96.8%, respectively; all P>0.05). Conclusion sQC management improves the standardization of biological safety cabinet management and key performance indicators in hospital.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by persistent inflammation and joint damage, accompanied by the accumulation of plasma cells, which contributes to its pathogenesis. Understanding the genetic alterations occurring during plasma cell differentiation in RA can deepen our comprehension of its pathogenesis and guide the development of targeted therapeutic interventions. Here, our study elucidates the intricate molecular mechanisms underlying plasma cell differentiation by demonstrating that PRDX1 interacts with DOK3 and modulates its degradation by the autophagy-lysosome pathway. This interaction results in the inhibition of plasma cell differentiation, thereby alleviating the progression of collagen-induced arthritis. Additionally, our investigation identifies Salvianolic acid B (SAB) as a potent small molecular glue-like compound that enhances the interaction between PRDX1 and DOK3, consequently impeding the progression of collagen-induced arthritis by inhibiting plasma cell differentiation. Collectively, these findings underscore the therapeutic potential of developing chemical stabilizers for the PRDX1-DOK3 complex in suppressing plasma cell differentiation for RA treatment and establish a theoretical basis for targeting PRDX1-protein interactions as specific therapeutic targets in various diseases.

Natural antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are promising candidates for the development of a new generation of antimicrobials to combat antibiotic-resistant pathogens. They have found extensive applications in the fields of medicine, food, and agriculture. However, efficiently screening AMPs from natural sources poses several challenges, including low efficiency and high antibiotic resistance. This review focuses on the action mechanisms of AMPs, both through membrane and non-membrane routes. We thoroughly examine various highly efficient AMP screening methods, including whole-bacterial adsorption binding, cell membrane chromatography (CMC), phospholipid membrane chromatography binding, membrane-mediated capillary electrophoresis (CE), colorimetric assays, thin layer chromatography (TLC), fluorescence-based screening, genetic sequencing-based analysis, computational mining of AMP databases, and virtual screening methods. Additionally, we discuss potential developmental applications for enhancing the efficiency of AMP discovery. This review provides a comprehensive framework for identifying AMPs within complex natural product systems.

Objective:To quantify thoracic and abdominal movements during breathing using inertial measurement units (IMUs) and to build a machine learning model which identifies the abdominal breathing (AB) pattern.Methods:Ten rehabilitation therapists formed the study′s professional group, while 15 patients receiving AB training comprised the validation group. Two synchronized IMUs were applied to capture breathing motions during natural breathing (NB), deep breathing (DB) and AB. Six kinematic features were extracted from each respiratory cycle, and inter-group and inter-pattern differences were analyzed. Correlation analysis was also performed with manually measured changes in thoracic and abdominal circumferences. A support vector classification model for AB pattern detection was then developed using data from the professional and validation groups.Results:A total of 1113 respiratory cycles were extracted and analyzed. The breathing pattern significantly influenced all of the kinematic features studied (0.21≤partial η 2≤0.65, all P≤0.001). The ranges of the angles in medial-lateral axis of the IMUs showed strong correlation with the changes in abdominal and thoracic circumferences (ρ1=0.928, ρ2=0.807, P≤0.001 in both cases). A greater range of abdominal angles was found during AB compared to the other patterns. The best of the models achieved an F1 score of 0.970 (sensitivity: 0.983, specificity: 0.980) in validation. Conclusions:AB generates the greatest abdominal movement. Combining IMUs and machine learning can provide real-time quantification of chest movement and accurate detection of AB during breathing training.

The construction,renovation,and expansion of general hospitals involve numerous infection control issues,including zoning,flow line design,and air flow direction.Although relevant regulations have specified infection control require-ments for hospital architectural design,infection control professionals often struggle to provide planning and design recommenda-tions from a professional perspective due to the lack of integrated guidelines.Based on this,this article summarizes the standards and key issues that should be considered during the planning and design of critical departments in general hospitals,aiming to provide reference for infection control professionals.

Objective To investigate the synergistic therapeutic effects of HER2 antibody-drug conjugate(HER2-ADC)combined with anti-PD-1 antibody(anti-PD-1)on HER2-expressing bladder cancer and elucidate its regulatory mechanisms on the tumor immune microenvironment.Methods Orthotopic tumor models were established in 40 female C57BL/6 mice(6～8 weeks old,body mass 18～22 g)using MB49 bladder cancer cells overexpressing human HER2.When tumors reached 100 mm3,the mice were randomized into(n=10)control(intraperitoneal injection of 1.0 mL PBS),anti-PD-1(200 μg per mouse every 3 d),HER2-ADC(2.5 mg/kg once weekly),and combination groups(same regimens as above monotherapy).Tumor volume and body mass were measured every 3 d during 28-day treatment.Tumor growth kinetics and survival rates were analyzed.Post-treatment survival was monitored until natural death to determine median survival time(n=5).At day 28,blood and tumor samples(n=5)were collected to detect myeloid-derived suppressor cells(MDSCs;CD11b?Gr1?)and regulatory T cells(Tregs;CD4?CD25?FOXP3?)with flow cytometry,tumor-infiltrating CD3?T,CD8?T,and FOXP3?T cells with immunohistochemical assasy,and liver/kidney functions[alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),blood urea nitrogen(BUN),creatinine(CRE)]and tissue damage indicators[lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme(LDH-L)].Results In 28 d after treatment,the combination group obtained significantly smallest tumor volume than the control group and the 2 monotherapy groups(all P<0.01).The longest median survival was observed in the combination group(65 d,P<0.01),followed by the HER2-ADC group(55 d),anti-PD-1 group(53 d)and control group(41 d).After 28 d of treatment,the combination group exhibited obviously the smallest peripheral proportions of MDSCs/Tregs,most tumor-infiltrating CD3?T/CD8?T cells,and less FOXP3?T cells when compared with the 2 monotherapy groups and control group(all P<0.05).While,the 2 monotherapy groups had smaller MDSCs/Tregs proportions than the control group(P<0.05).No significant differences were observed among the 4 groups in serum ALT,AST,BUN,CRE,or LDH-L levels,and all of them were within normal ranges.Conclusion HER2-ADC combined with anti-PD-1 suppresses the growth of orthotopic bladder tumor,probably through their synergic effects on down-regulating MDSCs/Treg and enhancing CD8?T cell infiltration.

Natural antimicrobial peptides(AMPs)are promising candidates for the development of a new gener-ation of antimicrobials to combat antibiotic-resistant pathogens.They have found extensive applications in the fields of medicine,food,and agriculture.However,efficiently screening AMPs from natural sources poses several challenges,including low efficiency and high antibiotic resistance.This review focuses on the action mechanisms of AMPs,both through membrane and non-membrane routes.We thoroughly examine various highly efficient AMP screening methods,including whole-bacterial adsorption binding,cell membrane chromatography(CMC),phospholipid membrane chromatography binding,membrane-mediated capillary electrophoresis(CE),colorimetric assays,thin layer chromatography(TLC),fluorescence-based screening,genetic sequencing-based analysis,computational mining of AMP data-bases,and virtual screening methods.Additionally,we discuss potential developmental applications for enhancing the efficiency of AMP discovery.This review provides a comprehensive framework for identifying AMPs within complex natural product systems.

Objective:To investigate the effect of age factor on glymphatic function in patients with Parkinson′s disease (PD) and its potential correlation with overall cognitive performance based on diffusion tensor imaging analysis along the perivascular space(DTI-ALPS) index.Methods:The study was cross-sectional. Clinical and imaging data of 77 PD patients (PD group) who attended the Provincial Hospital of Shandong First Medical University from October 2021 to June 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. In the same period, 30 healthy volunteers matched by age and gender were collected as the normal control (NC) group. All subjects underwent MRI scanning and DTI-ALPS index was calculated based on diffusion tensor imaging. Cognitive functions of 46 patients in the PD group were assessed using the mini-mental state examination (MMSE) and montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) scores. Independent samples t-tests were used to compare the differences in DTI-ALPS index between the PD and NC groups. After adjusting for confounders, the relationship between DTI-ALPS and age was explored using partial correlation analyses, multiple linear regression models. A mediation model was further developed to explore the mediating effect of DTI-ALPS index between age and cognitive function scores. Results:The DTI-ALPS indices of PD and NC groups were 1.66±0.20 and 1.44±0.17, respectively, and the differences were statistically significant ( t=5.27, P<0.001). The age of patients in the PD group was negatively correlated with the DTI-ALPS index ( r=-0.54, P<0.001), and age (β=-0.467, P<0.001) was an independent influencer of DTI-ALPS index. The DTI-ALPS index was positively correlated with MMSE scores ( r=0.53, P<0.001) and positively correlated with MoCA scores ( r=0.56, P<0.001). The mediation model showed that the DTI-ALPS index fully mediated between age and MMSE scores and partially mediated between age and MoCA scores, with an effect share of 33.25%. Conclusion:Age is an independent risk factor for impaired glymphatic pathway in PD patients, and it may induce cognitive decline in PD patients by exacerbating glymphatic pathway impairment.

AIM:To establish a physiologically-based pharmacokinetic(PBPK)model for vitamin D in adults,aiming to provide guidance for the ratio-nal clinical use of vitamin D in individuals with vita-min D deficiency.METHODS:Relevant literature and databases were reviewed to obtain the physi-cochemical properties and pharmacokinetic param-eters of vitamin D3.The PBPK model for adult whole-body vitamin D was constructed,optimized,and predicted using PK-Sim? software.The model's predictive performance was evaluated using confi-dence intervals,goodness of fit,and fold error(FE).The effectiveness of commonly used clinical dosing regimens was assessed based on the final opti-mized model,and personalized dosing recommen-dations were provided.RESULTS:The established adult whole-body PBPK model for vitamin D had a goodness of fit R2 of 0.961,approaching 1,and the FE values for AUC0-∞ and Cmax were both within the range of 0.5 and 2,indicating that the constructed PBPK model possesses good data predictive capa-bility.CONCLUSION:A successful PBPK model for oral vitamin D3 in adults has been established,showing good predictive performance for single oral doses of vitamin D3.Single oral doses of vita-min D3(7 500 μg and 15 000 μg)are safe and effec-tive dosing regimens for improving vitamin D insuf-ficiency or deficiency in Asian adults.Regular moni-toring of vitamin D levels before and during treat-ment is recommended to achieve the optimal out-comes of personalized therapy.