This study compared the clinical characteristics of brucellosis,tuberculosis,and their co-infections,to improve dif-ferential diagnosis and disease management.A retrospective analysis was conducted on 41 patients with brucellosis,38 co-infected pa-tients,and 95 patients with tuberculosis admitted to Beijing Chest Hospital,Capital Medical University,between January 2017 and December 2024.Clinical manifestations,laboratory findings,and complications were analyzed statistically.Brucellosis and tuberculo-sis shared clinical similarities,such as presentation with prolonged fever.However,patients with brucellosis tended to exhibit muscle pain,night sweats,and loss of appetite,whereas patients with tuberculosis frequently presented with cough,sputum production,and lymphadenopathy.Co-infected patients had a higher fever incidence,and elevated hs-CRP and ESR levels.Whereas spinal spondyli-tis was more frequent in brucellosis,pulmonary infections and pleural effusion were predominant in tuberculosis.Co-infected patients exhibited characteristics of both diseases,and showed more severe systemic inflammation and prolonged illness.In conclusion,al-though elevated hs-CRP and ESR might aid in differentiation,pathogen detection is crucial for accurate diagnosis.Strengthening screening in patients with persistent fever and systemic inflammation may improve early identification,optimize treatment,and en-hance outcomes.

To investigate the correlation between hepatic lipid accumulation and the metabolic profiles of free fatty acids(FFAs), tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and ketone body in alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD), a chronic plus acute alcohol feeding model (Gao-Binge model) was employed using C57BL/6N mice to simulate different stages of AFLD. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was employed to measure the levels of FFAs, TCA cycle intermediates, and ketone bodies in mouse liver tissue and plasma, followed by Pearson correlation analysis. The study revealed that both acute and chronic models showed significant increases in total FFAs, saturated FFAs and short-chain FFAs, as well as β-hydroxybutyric acid(HDBT) in plasma and liver, indicating FFA metabolic profile disturbances in the Gao-Binge model. Moreover, in both models, acetic acid (AA), 2-Methylbutyric acid (2-meBA), and HDBT displayed strong positive correlations with hepatic injury markers in plasma and liver samples (for instance, in the acute model plasma data, r = 0.834, 0.699, 0.818, P<0.05), while pyruvic acid (PRA) showed a strong negative correlation (r = −0.66, P<0.05). These findings suggest that FFAs, TCA cycle, and ketone body metabolism are disrupted in the alcoholic liver disease in mice model, and metabolites such as AA, 2-meBA, HDBT and PRA may serve as potential biomarkers for AFLD, which would be helpful in the diagnosis and treatment of this disease.

Obesity is a significant risk factor for cancer and is associated with breast cancer metastasis. Nevertheless, the mechanism by which alterations in systemic metabolism affect tumor microenvironment (TME) and consequently influence tumor metastasis remains inadequately understood. Herein, we found that perturbations in circulating metabolites induced by obesity promote metastasis-like phenotypes in breast cancer. Oleoylcarnitine (OLCarn) concentrations were elevated in the serum of obese mice and humans. Administration of exogenous OLCarn induces metastasis-like characteristics in breast cancer cells. Mechanistically, OLCarn directly interacts with the Arg176 site of adenylate cyclase 10 (ADCY10), leading to the activation of ADCY10 and enhancement of cAMP production. Mutations at Arg176 prevent OLCarn from binding to ADCY10, disrupting the ADCY10-mediated activation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signaling pathway. This activation promotes transcription factor 4 (TCF4)-dependent kinesin family member C1 (KIFC1) transcription, thereby driving breast cancer metastasis. Conversely, the neutralization of both ADCY10 and KIFC1 through knockdown or pharmacological inhibition abrogates the oncogenic effects mediated by OLCarn. Hence, obesity-induced systemic environmental changes lead to the aberrant accumulation of OLCarn within the TME, making it a potential therapeutic target and biomarker for breast cancer.

The aim of this study is to explore the immunogenicity of African swine fever virus p37 recombinant protein in mice.C57BL/6J mice were immunized subcutaneously in the abdomen using p37 recombinant protein as antigen.The second immunization was performed 21 d after the first immunization.Serum-specific antibody levels were detected by ELISA;serum cytokine levels were detected using a multifactor assay technique;mice splenic lymphocytes were isolated 7 d after sec-ondary immunization,and the number of splenic lymphocytes secreting IFN-γ after recombinant protein stimulation was detected by ELISpot;and the ratio of CD4+T cells to CD8+T cells was detected by flow cytometry.The results of indirect ELISA showed that p37 recombinant protein could stimulate mice to produce high levels of specific antibodies;ELISpot showed that p37 recom-binant protein could significantly stimulate splenic lymphocytes to produce IFN-γ(P＜0.001)and activate cellular immune responses;the results of flow cytometry showed that it could signifi-cantly stimulate the differentiation of T-lymphocytes to CD4+T-lymphocytes(P＜0.001).In ad-dition,serum levels of IL-2,IL-4,IFN-γ,and TNF-α immune-related cytokines were significantly higher after the second immunization.Immunization of mice with p37 recombinant protein induced strong humoral and cellular immune responses with good immunogenicity,providing reference for the subsequent epitope identification and functional study of p37 protein and the antigen screening of ASF mRNA vaccine.

The aim of this study is to explore the immunogenicity of African swine fever virus p37 recombinant protein in mice.C57BL/6J mice were immunized subcutaneously in the abdomen using p37 recombinant protein as antigen.The second immunization was performed 21 d after the first immunization.Serum-specific antibody levels were detected by ELISA;serum cytokine levels were detected using a multifactor assay technique;mice splenic lymphocytes were isolated 7 d after sec-ondary immunization,and the number of splenic lymphocytes secreting IFN-γ after recombinant protein stimulation was detected by ELISpot;and the ratio of CD4+T cells to CD8+T cells was detected by flow cytometry.The results of indirect ELISA showed that p37 recombinant protein could stimulate mice to produce high levels of specific antibodies;ELISpot showed that p37 recom-binant protein could significantly stimulate splenic lymphocytes to produce IFN-γ(P＜0.001)and activate cellular immune responses;the results of flow cytometry showed that it could signifi-cantly stimulate the differentiation of T-lymphocytes to CD4+T-lymphocytes(P＜0.001).In ad-dition,serum levels of IL-2,IL-4,IFN-γ,and TNF-α immune-related cytokines were significantly higher after the second immunization.Immunization of mice with p37 recombinant protein induced strong humoral and cellular immune responses with good immunogenicity,providing reference for the subsequent epitope identification and functional study of p37 protein and the antigen screening of ASF mRNA vaccine.

This study compared the clinical characteristics of brucellosis,tuberculosis,and their co-infections,to improve dif-ferential diagnosis and disease management.A retrospective analysis was conducted on 41 patients with brucellosis,38 co-infected pa-tients,and 95 patients with tuberculosis admitted to Beijing Chest Hospital,Capital Medical University,between January 2017 and December 2024.Clinical manifestations,laboratory findings,and complications were analyzed statistically.Brucellosis and tuberculo-sis shared clinical similarities,such as presentation with prolonged fever.However,patients with brucellosis tended to exhibit muscle pain,night sweats,and loss of appetite,whereas patients with tuberculosis frequently presented with cough,sputum production,and lymphadenopathy.Co-infected patients had a higher fever incidence,and elevated hs-CRP and ESR levels.Whereas spinal spondyli-tis was more frequent in brucellosis,pulmonary infections and pleural effusion were predominant in tuberculosis.Co-infected patients exhibited characteristics of both diseases,and showed more severe systemic inflammation and prolonged illness.In conclusion,al-though elevated hs-CRP and ESR might aid in differentiation,pathogen detection is crucial for accurate diagnosis.Strengthening screening in patients with persistent fever and systemic inflammation may improve early identification,optimize treatment,and en-hance outcomes.

OBJECTIVE To study pharmaceutical management provisions in the Evaluation Standards for Third-level Maternal and Child Health Care Hospitals in Hubei Province (2024 Edition) (hereinafter referred to as 2024 Edition of Hubei Maternal and Child Health Care Standards). METHODS The formulation of pharmaceutical management clauses and management rules in the 2024 Edition of Hubei Maternal and Child Health Care Standards was elaborated and compared with the pharmaceutical management clauses in the Evaluation Standards for Third-level Maternal and Child Health Care Hospitals (2016 Edition) to find out their similarities and differences;the basis for the formulation of unique pharmaceutical management clauses was analyzed,so as to propose further improvement suggestions. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS Compared with the Evaluation Standards for Third-level Maternal and Child Health Care Hospitals (2016 Edition),the similarities in pharmaceutical management in the 2024 Edition of Hubei Maternal and Child Health Care Standards were mainly reflected in the relevant laws,regulations,rules and personnel requirements that should be followed,the full process management of drug procurement,reserve,storage and recall,drug dispensing and formulation management,etc. The unique provisions of the 2024 Edition of Hubei Maternal and Child Care Standards were mainly reflected in the establishment of children's medication working group,the establishment of a list of children's specific drugs,the development of surplus drug management system,and the management of off-label drug use,etc. The formulation of unique provisions for pharmaceutical management not only conformed to the newly released policy requirements in recent years,but also combined the characteristics and actual situation of maternal and child health care hospitals. 2024 Edition of Hubei Maternal and Child Health Care Standards should be further improved in terms of strengthening detail management and enhancing the rational application management of traditional Chinese medicine.

African swine fever(ASF)is a highly contagious disease caused by the African swine fe-ver virus(ASFV).To evaluate the immunogenicity of the pp62(CP530R)protein of ASFV,the recombinant CP530R protein was expressed in HEK 293F cells transfected with the plasmid pMAL-Fc-CP530R.Six-week-old female C57BL/6J mice were immunized with 10 μg of purified pp62 protein via subcutaneous injection,followed by a booster immunization with the same dosage at 21 days(enhanced).The humoral and cellular immune responses in the mice were then assessed using ELISA,flow cytometry,and ELISpot assays.Western blot analysis confirmed that the pp62 protein was successfully expressed,with a molecular weight of approximately 118.5 kDa.ELISA results indicated that a high level of specific antibodies was detected in the immunized mice,with antibody titers reaching up to 1∶1 638 400 at 7 days after the secondary immunization.The pro-portion of CD8+T lymphocytes in the immunized mice increased compared to the control group(P＜0.05).Results from the Q-PlexTM Mouse Cytokine Screen demonstrated that the secretion levels of IFN-γ,IL-2,IL-4,and IL-10 in serum were significantly upregulated in the immunized mice following secondary immunization(P＜0.001).In summary,these findings indicate that the pp62 protein can significantly stimulate both humoral and cellular immunity in mice,laying the groundwork for further studies on the function of the ASFV pp62 protein and the identification of novel vaccine antigens for ASF.

Lung cancer is the top cause of cancer deaths globally.Advances in immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)have transformed cancer treatment,but their use in lung cancer has led to more side effects.This study examined if past pulmonary tuberculosis(TB)affects ICIs'effectiveness and safety in lung cancer treatment.We reviewed lung cancer patients treated with ICIs at Beijing Chest Hospital from January 2019 to August 2022.We compared outcomes and side effects between patients with and without prior TB.Of 116 patients(40 with TB history,76 without),prior TB didn't reduce treatment effectiveness but did increase severe side effects.Notably,older patients(≥65 years)faced a higher risk of severe side effects.Detailed cases of two patients with severe side effects underscored TB as a risk factor in lung cancer patients receiving ICIs,stressing the need for careful monitoring and personalized care.

Objectives The combined use of bedaquiline and delamanid(BDQ-DLM)is limited by an increased risk of prolonging the QTc interval.We retrospectively evaluated patients who received DLM/BDQ-containing regimens at a TB-specialized hospital.We aimed to present clinical efficacy and safety data for Chinese patients. Methods This case-control study included patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis(MDR-TB)treated with BDQ alone or BDQ plus DLM. Results A total of 96 patients were included in this analysis:64 in the BDQ group and 32 in the BDQ+DLM group.Among the 96 patients with positive sputum culture at the initiation of BDQ alone or BDQ combined with DLM,46 patients(71.9%)in the BDQ group and 29(90.6%)in the BDQ-DLM group achieved sputum culture conversion during treatment.The rate of sputum culture conversion did not differ between the two groups.The time to sputum culture conversion was significantly shorter in the BDQ-DLM group than in the BDQ group.The most frequent adverse event was QTc interval prolongation;however,the frequency of adverse events did not differ between the groups. Conclusion In conclusion,our results demonstrate that the combined use of BDQ and DLM is efficacious and tolerable in Chinese patients infected with MDR-TB.Patients in the BDQ-DLM group achieved sputum culture conversion sooner than those in the BDQ group.