With the increasing life expectancy and lifestyle changes of patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB), the significance of comorbidities of chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in disease progression and health prognosis of CHB patients is gaining prominence. This study aims to explore the association between CHB and NCDs comorbidities, focusing on the impact of common metabolism-related diseases, such as metabolic syndrome and diabetes, on the health outcomes of CHB patients. We also summarize studies on integrating the management of comorbidities in CHB patients and provide relevant recommendations for effective management. The findings of this study serve as a foundation for understanding the clinical characteristics and prevalence trends, reducing the disease burden of comorbidities among CHB patients, and establishing a comprehensive and coordinated management system for comorbidities.

Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP), which mainly regulates glucose homeostasis in pancreatic β cells, is a novel target in the treatment of diabetes.In this study, 4-hydroxybenzopyrimidine was used as the raw material, four nitrogen-containing rings (imidazole, methylpiperazine, pyrazole, morpholine) were introduced, benzopyrimidine skeleton with nitrogen-containing rings derivatives targeting TXNIP was designed and synthesized, and the protective effect of compounds on palmitic acid-stimulated islet β cells was investigated.A total of 20 benzopyrimidine derivatives were designed and synthesized, and the structures were confirmed by 1H NMR and ESI-MS.Pharmacological studies showed that most of the compounds exhibited protective effects on islet β cells, with better axtivity for compounds C-1, C-2, C-4 and D-2 (cell survival rate > 70%) compared with PA model group (38.3%), Among the four compounds, D-2 had the highest activity of 87.2%, so it could become a potential new anti-diabetic chemical entity.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Distribution ; Aged ; Basic Reproduction Number ; COVID-19/virology* ; China/epidemiology* ; Disease Outbreaks ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Sex Ratio ; Young Adult

Objective:To analyze the status and its influencing factors of job burnout among female workers of labor-intensive enterprises.Methods:A total of 750 female workers from 5 labor-intensive enterprises in Guangdong Province were selected as the study subjects by random cluster sampling method in August, 2019. 665 valid questionnaires were collected, and the effective recovery rate was 88.67%. The Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey was used to assess job burnout and its influencing factors were analyzed.Results:Among 665 female workers, 429 (64.51%) found to have different levels of burnout, among which 380 (57.14%) were mild to moderate burnout and 49 (7.37%) were severe burnout. The comprehensive scores of job burnout in different age, marital status, current post working age, working time per week, personal monthly income, working system and occupational stress groups were statistically significant ( P<0.01) . There were significant differences in the score of emotional exhaustion in different age, marital status, current working age, working time per week, personal monthly income and occupational stress groups ( P<0.05) . There were significant differences in the dimensions of depersonalization in different age, weekly work time, personal monthly income, working system and occupational stress groups ( P<0.05) . There were significant differences in the dimensions of low individual achievement in different education levels, weekly work time, working system and occupational stress groups ( P<0.05) . Conclusion:The female workers of labor-intensive enterprises are generally have mild to moderate job burnout. The main influencing factors of job burnout are weekly work time and occupational stress.

Objective:To analyze the status and its influencing factors of job burnout among female workers of labor-intensive enterprises.Methods:A total of 750 female workers from 5 labor-intensive enterprises in Guangdong Province were selected as the study subjects by random cluster sampling method in August, 2019. 665 valid questionnaires were collected, and the effective recovery rate was 88.67%. The Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey was used to assess job burnout and its influencing factors were analyzed.Results:Among 665 female workers, 429 (64.51%) found to have different levels of burnout, among which 380 (57.14%) were mild to moderate burnout and 49 (7.37%) were severe burnout. The comprehensive scores of job burnout in different age, marital status, current post working age, working time per week, personal monthly income, working system and occupational stress groups were statistically significant ( P<0.01) . There were significant differences in the score of emotional exhaustion in different age, marital status, current working age, working time per week, personal monthly income and occupational stress groups ( P<0.05) . There were significant differences in the dimensions of depersonalization in different age, weekly work time, personal monthly income, working system and occupational stress groups ( P<0.05) . There were significant differences in the dimensions of low individual achievement in different education levels, weekly work time, working system and occupational stress groups ( P<0.05) . Conclusion:The female workers of labor-intensive enterprises are generally have mild to moderate job burnout. The main influencing factors of job burnout are weekly work time and occupational stress.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of the "Interner Plus-based AIDS Comprehensive Prevention Service System" among MSM in Guangzhou, during 2010-2017, using a dynamic compartmental model. Methods: A dynamic compartmental model was developed to describe the HIV situation among MSM in Guangzhou. This model was parameterized on data from published literature or surveillance programs from the Guangzhou CDC. The Matlab 7.0 software was used for coding and analysis on collected data. HIV prevalence was analyzed among MSM under the status quo data and estimated the impact by the "Internet Plus" AIDS prevention services project. Results: HIV prevalence would have increased to 22.75% in 2017, and the total number of new HIV infections would have been 11 038, from 2010 to 2017, using the data status quo. Under the Guangzhou "Internet Plus" AIDS prevention services project, the prevalence of HIV among MSM from 2010 to 2017 was estimated to be 8.44%, 9.68%, 10.65%, 11.34%, 11.73%, 11.83%, 11.71% and 11.43% in Guangzhou, which were similar to the surveillance data. The total number of new infections in the past 8 years under the "Internet Plus" scenario was estimated to be 4 009. The "Internet Plus" program would have prevented 7 029 (63.68%) new infections during 2010-2017 as compared to the number, status quo. Conclusions The fitting result of dynamic compartmental model seemed more reasonable, which was applicable to predict HIV epidemic among MSM in Guangzhou, suggesting that the increase of HIV prevalence had been curbed since the "Internet Plus" project which was launched in 2010, and the "Interner Plus-based AIDS Comprehensive Prevention Service System" had achieved the purpose as planned, epidemiologically.

Objective To investigate the morbidity and characteristics of adult osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) in Chengdu, and to further explore its related risk factors.Methods Self-designed questionnaires were used to collect data by the way of household or field survey. From January,2016 to February, 2018, a total of 544 cases (797 hips) diagnosed as ONFH were included in the study. The medical data including general condition, risk factors, diagnosis, disease stages and treatment were collected. Based on the data, the risk factors were analyzed statistically.Results The average age of 544 patients (392 males and 152 females) was 55 years old (range: 19 to 90 years); the bilateral incidence was 46.51% (253 cases). The proportion of Association Research Circulation Osseous stages was accounted respectively 3.64% for stage I, 6.15% for stage II, 8.41% for stage III and 81.81% for stage IV when confirmed ONFH initially. In all the reasons of ONFH, 52.39% were alcohol-associated osteonecrosis, 16.18% for steroid-induced osteonecrosis, 11.58% for traumatic osteonecrosis, 5.88% for dysplastic osteonecrosis, and 13.97% for other reasons.Conclusion The incidence of ONFH was higher in men than in women. Stages III-IV accounted for the highest proportion. The high intake of alcohol or overuse of steroid was the leading causes of adult ONFH, among which alcohol-associated osteonecrosis was the main for the males and steroid-induced osteonecrosis for the females.

Background:The reproductive health addresses the reproductive processes,functions and system at all stages of life.Enhancing the level of global reproductive health is the goal of sustained attention and struggle by the international community.The social and economic development in Southeast Asia is lagging behind,and its female reproductive health is worrying,while the differences of female reproductive health among different regions are significant.Objective:To obtains the necessity and urgency of strengthening the reproductive health level of Southeast Asian countries,so as to provide the basis for the priorities and target to policy-makers and health administrators to improve reproductive health.Methods:Literature review were searched in PubMed,Web of Science databases,Google scholar database,and WHO's webpages.Maternal mortality ratio,contraceptive rates,unmet need for family planning,antenatal and postnatal care coverage,and sexually transmitted disease were the five key indicators and the influence factors for female reproductive health status in Southeast Asian countries.Results:The reproductive health of Southeast Asian women were still at a lower level overall and varied in different regions and conntries.Women's education and attitude,accessibility of service,socioeconomic and cultural factors,etc.were the potential influencing factors.Conclusion:There is left quite large space for improvement to the reproductive health in Southeast Asian countries and efficient interventions can be achieved for the key and easier-improved risk factors such as education and in high-risk areas.

Objective To evaluate the effect of astragaloside Ⅳ on postoperative cognitive function in aged rats.Methods Sixty healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 22 months,weighing 360-480 g,were divided into 4 groups(n=15 each)using a random number table:control group(group C),surgery group(group S),low-dose astragaloside Ⅳ group(group L-AGS)and high-dose astragaloside IV group(group H-AGS).At 3 days prior to surgery,astragaloside Ⅳ 20 and 40 mg/kg were injected intraperitoneally once a day in L-AGS and H-AGS groups,respectively.The equal volume of normal saline was given instead in C and S groups.The animals underwent splenectomy under anesthesia with 1.8% isoflurane in S,L-AGS and H-AGS groups.Five rats in each group were randomly sacrificed at 1 day after operation,the hippocampi were removed for determination of interleukin-1beta(IL-1β),tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α)and IL-6 contents(by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay)and expression of activated caspase-3,Bax and Bcl-2(by Western blot).The left animals underwent Morris water maze test at 15 days after operation.Results Compared with group C,the escape latency was significantly prolonged,the frequency of crossing the original platform was reduced,the space exploration time was shortened,the expression of activated caspase-3 and Bax was up-regulated,the expression of Bcl-2 was down-regulated,and the IL-1β,TNF-α and IL-6 contents were increased after operation in group S(P<0.05).Compared with group S,the escape latency was significantly shortened,the frequency of crossing the original platform was increased,the space exploration time was prolonged,the expression of activated caspase-3 and Bax was down-regulated,the expression of Bcl-2 was up-regulated,and the IL-1β,TNF-α and IL-6 contents were decreased after operation in L-AGS and H-AGS groups(P<0.05).Compared with L-AGS,the escape latency was significantly shortened,the frequency of crossing the original platform was increased,the space exploration time was prolonged,and the TNF-α contents were decreased after operation in group H-AGS(P<0.05).Conclusion Astragaloside Ⅳ can improve the postoperative cognitive function in a dose-dependent manner in aged rats.

Objective To investigate the feasibility and efficacy of posterior retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy (PRA).Methods To review the clinical data of 35 patients who underwent posterior retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy from September 2013 to September 2015.There were 14 males and 21 females, aged 15-70 years, with an average of 45.8 years.Preoperative CT scan was performed to determine the size, shape and location of the tumor.Tumor diameter 10-60 mm, average 31 mm.Results 35 operations were successfully accomplished via the posterior approach.The operation time was 38-138 min (mean 70.1 min) ,and the drainage tube indwelling time was 1-5 d(average 2.1 d) ,the hospital stay was 2-6d(average 3.7 d).Total hospital costs were 14 789-31 992 yuan, average of 21 239 yuan.No complications occurred during the perioperative period.Conclusions Posterior retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy might provide clear anatomical views.It could be a safe and effective operation for the clinical treatment of adrenal tumors.