Peri-implant keratinized mucosa (PIKM) augmentation refers to surgical procedures aimed at increasing the width of PIKM. Consensus reports emphasize the necessity of maintaining a minimum width of PIKM to ensure long-term peri-implant health. Currently, several surgical techniques have been validated for their effectiveness in increasing PIKM. However, the selection and application of PIKM augmentation methods may present challenges for dental practitioners due to heterogeneity in surgical techniques, variations in clinical scenarios, and anatomical differences. Therefore, clear guidelines and considerations for PIKM augmentation are needed. This expert consensus focuses on the commonly employed surgical techniques for PIKM augmentation and the factors influencing their selection at second-stage surgery. It aims to establish a standardized framework for assessing, planning, and executing PIKM augmentation procedures, with the goal of offering evidence-based guidance to enhance the predictability and success of PIKM augmentation.
Humans ; Consensus ; Dental Implants ; Mouth Mucosa/surgery* ; Keratins

Insufficient alveolar bone thickness increases the risk of periodontal dehiscence and fenestration, especially in orthodontic tooth movement. Abaloparatide (ABL), a synthetic analog of human PTHrP (1-34) and a clinical medication for treating osteoporosis, has recently demonstrated its potential in enhancing craniofacial bone formation. Herein, we show that intraoral submucosal injection of ABL, when combined with mechanical force, promotes in situ alveolar bone thickening. The newly formed bone is primarily located outside the original compact bone, implying its origin from the periosteum. RNA sequencing of the alveolar bone tissue revealed that the focal adhesion (FA) pathway potentially mediates this bioprocess. Local injection of ABL alone enhances cell proliferation, collagen synthesis, and phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) in the alveolar periosteum; when ABL is combined with mechanical force, the FAK expression is upregulated, in line with the accomplishment of the ossification. In vitro, ABL enhances proliferation, migration, and FAK phosphorylation in periosteal stem cells. Furthermore, the pro-osteogenic effects of ABL on alveolar bone are entirely blocked when FAK activity is inhibited by a specific inhibitor. In summary, abaloparatide combined with mechanical force promotes alveolar bone formation via FAK-mediated periosteal osteogenesis. Thus, we have introduced a promising therapeutic approach for drug-induced in situ alveolar bone augmentation, which may prevent or repair the detrimental periodontal dehiscence, holding significant potential in dentistry.
Osteogenesis/drug effects* ; Periosteum/cytology* ; Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein/administration & dosage* ; Animals ; Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/metabolism* ; Alveolar Process/drug effects* ; Cell Proliferation/drug effects* ; Phosphorylation ; Rats ; Male ; Humans ; Focal Adhesion Kinase 1/metabolism* ; Cell Movement/drug effects*

Hepatectomy and liver transplantation are the most effective radical treatment for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, but the high recurrence rate after surgery which seriously affects the prognosis of patients cannot be ignored. Microvascular invasion (MVI) is a risk factor for postoperative recurrence and metastasis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. There is no consensus or guideline recommendation locally or intermutually on postoperative adjuvant therapy of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma with MVI. Appropriate selection of postoperative adjuvant therapy is worth more in-depth discussion. This article reviews recent and relevant studies on postoperative adjuvant therapy for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and MVI, including local anti-tumor therapy, systemic chemotherapy, immunotherapy, targeted therapy and combination therapy, with the aim to provide better reference to clinicians in managing these patients with postoperative adjuvant therapy.

In this study, a new combined enzyme immunoassay(NRAg ELISA) for detection of HBV PreS1 and core antigens which was highly consistent with serum HBV DNA test was established. The serial serum dilution test indicated that the average sensitivity of the assay was 10(3.2) genome copies/mL (95% CI: 10(2.2-4.2) genome copies/mL), which was notably higher than the test performed on Pre S1 or core antigen alone. The test with sera from 994 blood donors whose HBsAg were negative demonstrated that the specificity of this assay was 99.7% (95% CI: 99.1%-99.9%). 271 serum samples from chronic hepatitis patients were also examined and the result showed that the total consistent rate between NRAg ELISA and HBV DNA was 96.3% (95% CI: 93.3%-98.2%). The NRAg ELISA S/CO(signal/cutoff) was closely correlated with HBV genome copies (R = 0.9158, n=231). Furthermore,by using this assay,we found a patient whose HBsAg was negative but HBV DNA was positive. Sequencing result showed that HBV genome from this patient had a point mutation in the "a"epitope of S gene. Our results indicate that HBV NRAg ELISA has a high relativity with HBV DNA test, and can effectively detect the mutation of HBsAg,it is expected to be a potent tool for screening HBsAg mutant and is a convenient method for substituting HBV DNA test.
DNA, Viral ; blood ; genetics ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; methods ; Hepatitis B Antigens ; blood ; Hepatitis B Core Antigens ; blood ; Hepatitis B virus ; genetics ; immunology ; Humans ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Reproducibility of Results