Objective:To understand the potential characteristics of decision-making preparation in outpatient hypertensive patients based on latent profile analysis, to identify the influencing factors of different categories of decision-making preparation levels, and to explore the performance of different decision-making preparation types in facilitation of patients involvement in treatment decision-making.Methods:Through a cross-sectional study, 350 hypertensive patients attending outpatient clinics in five different types of healthcare institutions (general hospitals, specialised hospitals and community hospitals) in Tianjin during January to May 2024 who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected by the convenience sampling method as study subjects. General Information Questionnaires, Preparation for Decision Making Scale, and Facilitation of Patient Involvement Scale were used for investigation.Results:Totally 350 valid questionnaires [178 males and 172 females aged 25-89(57.24 ± 13.39)years old] were collected. The decision-making preparation score of outpatient hypertensive patients was (64.19 ± 18.69). The latent profile analysis results showed that the decision-making preparation of outpatient hypertensive patients could be divided into three potential categories: decision-making information scarcity type accounted for 20.0%(70/350), decision-making balance negotiation type accounted for 39.7%(139/350), and decision-making preparation adequacy type accounted for 40.3%(141/350). The results of multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that age, medical insurance type, occupation, and children′s condition were the influencing factors for the potential categories of decision-making preparation in outpatient hypertensive patients (all P<0.05). Age [less than 35 years old: OR(95% CI)=0.127(0.020-0.796)], occupation [on the job: OR(95% CI)=2.010 (1.034-3.906)], were the influencing factors of decision-making balance negotiation group (all P<0.05). Medical insurance type [basic medical insurance for urban employees: OR(95% CI)=0.372(0.193-0.720)], occupation [on the job: OR(95% CI)=2.500(1.270-4.920)], children′s condition[junior and senior high school: OR(95% CI)=0.391(0.190-0.802)] were the influencing factors of decision-making preparation adequacy group (all P<0.05). Conclusions:The level of promoting patient participation among outpatients with hypertension is relatively high, and there are differences in the perceived degree of promoting patient participation among patients with different types of decision preparation.It is recommended that medical staff provide decision-making related information based on the characteristics of different decision-making preparation categories of patients, encourage patients to actively participate in decision-making, and construct targeted decision support plans.

Objective:To understand the potential characteristics of decision-making preparation in outpatient hypertensive patients based on latent profile analysis, to identify the influencing factors of different categories of decision-making preparation levels, and to explore the performance of different decision-making preparation types in facilitation of patients involvement in treatment decision-making.Methods:Through a cross-sectional study, 350 hypertensive patients attending outpatient clinics in five different types of healthcare institutions (general hospitals, specialised hospitals and community hospitals) in Tianjin during January to May 2024 who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected by the convenience sampling method as study subjects. General Information Questionnaires, Preparation for Decision Making Scale, and Facilitation of Patient Involvement Scale were used for investigation.Results:Totally 350 valid questionnaires [178 males and 172 females aged 25-89(57.24 ± 13.39)years old] were collected. The decision-making preparation score of outpatient hypertensive patients was (64.19 ± 18.69). The latent profile analysis results showed that the decision-making preparation of outpatient hypertensive patients could be divided into three potential categories: decision-making information scarcity type accounted for 20.0%(70/350), decision-making balance negotiation type accounted for 39.7%(139/350), and decision-making preparation adequacy type accounted for 40.3%(141/350). The results of multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that age, medical insurance type, occupation, and children′s condition were the influencing factors for the potential categories of decision-making preparation in outpatient hypertensive patients (all P<0.05). Age [less than 35 years old: OR(95% CI)=0.127(0.020-0.796)], occupation [on the job: OR(95% CI)=2.010 (1.034-3.906)], were the influencing factors of decision-making balance negotiation group (all P<0.05). Medical insurance type [basic medical insurance for urban employees: OR(95% CI)=0.372(0.193-0.720)], occupation [on the job: OR(95% CI)=2.500(1.270-4.920)], children′s condition[junior and senior high school: OR(95% CI)=0.391(0.190-0.802)] were the influencing factors of decision-making preparation adequacy group (all P<0.05). Conclusions:The level of promoting patient participation among outpatients with hypertension is relatively high, and there are differences in the perceived degree of promoting patient participation among patients with different types of decision preparation.It is recommended that medical staff provide decision-making related information based on the characteristics of different decision-making preparation categories of patients, encourage patients to actively participate in decision-making, and construct targeted decision support plans.

Objective:To observe the neuroanatomical properties of the projection pathway from the nucleus reuniens(Re)to the dorsal(dHC)and ventral(vHC)hippocampus.Methods:Adeno-associated virus SV40 was injected into the Re of C57BL/6 mice and the profile of downstream projection in the whole brain was examined and ranked.Retro-grade tracer Fluoro-Gold(FG)was injected into the whole hippocampus(wHC),dorsal hippocampus(dHC)or ven-tral hippocampus(vHC),and the distribution of the retrogradely labeled neurons and its relationship with calretinin(CR)in the Re were analyzed.Results:After injection of SV40 virus into the Re,we observed projection fibers or ter-minals in 18 areas across the brain.Among the areas,those to the hippocampus(HC)were mainly distributed in the dorsal and ventral lacunosum molecular layer,which ranked No.2 with regard to the projection intensity.Following injection of FG into the hippocampus,we observed that the retrogradely labeled neurons projecting to the wHC were densely distributed in the rostrocaudal segments of Re,with a more concentrated aggregation in the ventromedial part.FG+CR+double labeled neurons accounted for(47.47±0.07)％of FG labeled neurons,and for(67.13±0.10)％of CR+neurons in this case.The retrograde labeled neurons projecting to the dHC were sparse and mainly distributed in the dorsolateral part of Re.FG+CR+double labeled neurons accounted for(24.11±0.06)％of FG labeled neurons,and for(32.99±0.19)％of CR+neurons.The retrogradely labeled neurons projecting to the vHC were mainly distrib-uted in the ventralmedial part of Re.FG+CR+double labeled neurons accounted for(49.55±0.03)％of FG labeled neurons,and for(69.14±0.12)％of CR+neurons.Conclusion:Hippocampus is an essential target of the Re.The projections to the dHC and vHP differ in the location of projection neurons and the positive ratio with CR,which may re-flect the differential pathophysiological functions of the two pathways in vivo.

Objective:To observe the neuroanatomical properties of the projection pathway from the nucleus reuniens(Re)to the dorsal(dHC)and ventral(vHC)hippocampus.Methods:Adeno-associated virus SV40 was injected into the Re of C57BL/6 mice and the profile of downstream projection in the whole brain was examined and ranked.Retro-grade tracer Fluoro-Gold(FG)was injected into the whole hippocampus(wHC),dorsal hippocampus(dHC)or ven-tral hippocampus(vHC),and the distribution of the retrogradely labeled neurons and its relationship with calretinin(CR)in the Re were analyzed.Results:After injection of SV40 virus into the Re,we observed projection fibers or ter-minals in 18 areas across the brain.Among the areas,those to the hippocampus(HC)were mainly distributed in the dorsal and ventral lacunosum molecular layer,which ranked No.2 with regard to the projection intensity.Following injection of FG into the hippocampus,we observed that the retrogradely labeled neurons projecting to the wHC were densely distributed in the rostrocaudal segments of Re,with a more concentrated aggregation in the ventromedial part.FG+CR+double labeled neurons accounted for(47.47±0.07)％of FG labeled neurons,and for(67.13±0.10)％of CR+neurons in this case.The retrograde labeled neurons projecting to the dHC were sparse and mainly distributed in the dorsolateral part of Re.FG+CR+double labeled neurons accounted for(24.11±0.06)％of FG labeled neurons,and for(32.99±0.19)％of CR+neurons.The retrogradely labeled neurons projecting to the vHC were mainly distrib-uted in the ventralmedial part of Re.FG+CR+double labeled neurons accounted for(49.55±0.03)％of FG labeled neurons,and for(69.14±0.12)％of CR+neurons.Conclusion:Hippocampus is an essential target of the Re.The projections to the dHC and vHP differ in the location of projection neurons and the positive ratio with CR,which may re-flect the differential pathophysiological functions of the two pathways in vivo.

Clinical studies have confirmed that cryoablation is a safe and effective treatment for lung cancer. Cryoablation has been clinically used in the treatment of various types of lung cancer,and has achieved good therapeutic effects. Some of the complications of cryoablation can be alleviated after symptomatic treat-ment. However,cryoablation still needs further research and exploration in clinical applications.

OBJECTIVETo investigated the effects of isopsoralen on bone marrow stromal stem cells (BMSCs) differentiate and proliferate in vitro.

METHODThe stratum of mononuclear cells were separated and collected from the rat bone marrow sample by the all bone marrow cell culture methods. The cells were cultured in DMEM contained 10% fetal bovine serum. The culture medium was changed after three days. Nine days later, cells were treatment by isopsoralen with the concentration 1 x 10(-5), 1 x 10(-4), 1 x10(-6), 1 x 10(-7) mol x L(-1). MTT method was used for the proliferated analyzing. Under the induced condition, the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, calcium salt sediment yield and osteocalcin were measured at the 4, 8, 12, 16 d. At the fifteenth day, histochemistry dyeing for calcified tubercle and ALP was proceeded. Total RNA was isolated and the gene expression of bFGF, IGF-1, Osterix and Runx-2 were investigated by Real Time PCR.

RESULTThe BMSCs proliferation refrained by isopsoralen with dose dependent. But it significantly enhanced osteogenesis, which was represented by the promotion of the ALP activity, calcium salt sediment yield, osteocalcin, and calcified tubercle amount. Besides, it also enhanced the mRNA level of bFGF, IGF-1, Osterix and Runx-2.

CONCLUSIONThe isopsoralen with the concentration 1 x 10(-5) mol x L(-1) can promote BMSCs differentiation to osteoblasts. It demonstrated the isopsoralen can prevent antiosteoporotic, which is an active part of the traditional Chinese medicine psoralea corylifolia.

Alkaline Phosphatase ; metabolism ; Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Cell Differentiation ; drug effects ; genetics ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit ; genetics ; Fibroblast Growth Factors ; genetics ; Furocoumarins ; pharmacology ; Gene Expression Regulation ; drug effects ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ; genetics ; Male ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Osteocalcin ; metabolism ; Osteogenesis ; drug effects ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Rats ; Stromal Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Transcription Factors ; genetics

This study is to investigate the effects on the expression of iNOS and production of NO in the osteogenic differentiation process of rat bone marrow stromal cells (rBMSCs) by icariside II. rBMSCs were cultured by adherence screening method. When the culture dishes were covered with 80% cells, the osteogenic induced cultures were adopted. Icariside II was supplemented into the culture at 1 x 10(-5) mol x L(-1). The activity of iNOS, content of NO and osteogenic differentiation markers including alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, CFU-FALP and mineralized bone nodules were compared among the icariside II-supplemented group, L-NMAE group, icariside II + L-NAME group and the control. Total RNA was isolated and the gene expression of iNOS, Osterix and Runx-2 was investigated by real-time PCR. Total protein was also isolated and the secretion of iNOS and collagen I was examined by Western blotting. Icariside II can significantly improved ALP activity, CFU-FALP amount and mineralized nodules. Besides, the mRNA level of factors related to the osteogenic differentiation includes Osterix and Runx-2 also enhanced. The secretion of collagen I also promoted significantly. But all of these effects can be inhibited by L-NAME which can specifically inhibit the activity of iNOS. Icariside II enhances the osteogenic differentiation of rBMSCs significantly, but if the activity of iNOS was blocked by L-NAME, the osteogenic differentiation markers decrease accompanied with iNOS and NO decrease, suggesting that icariside II stimulates the osteogenic differentiation via enhancing the activity of iNOS and promoting the generation of NO.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of icariin on the osteogenic differentiation of rat bone marrow stromal cells (rBMSCs).

METHODrBMSCs were cultured by adherence screening method. Icariin was supplemented into the culture at 1 x 10(-5) mol x L(-1). The osteogenic differentiation markers including alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, CFU-F(ALP) and mineralized bone modulus were compared between the icariin-supplemented group and the control group. Total RNA was isolated and the gene expression of bFGF, IGF-1, Osterix(OSX) and Runx-2 was investigated by RT Real-time PCR.

RESULTIcariin significantly improved ALP activity, CFU-F(ALP) amounts and mineralized modulus. It also can enhance the mRNA level of bFGF, IGF-1, Osterix and Runx-2.

CONCLUSIONIcariin enhances the osteogenic differentiation of rBMSCs significantly, which suggested that icariin has the potentiality to be a new drug of anti-osteoporosis or fracture healing.

Alkaline Phosphatase ; genetics ; metabolism ; Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Calcification, Physiologic ; drug effects ; Cell Differentiation ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Flavonoids ; pharmacology ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ; genetics ; metabolism ; Male ; Osteogenesis ; drug effects ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Stromal Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism

Aim To investigate the effects of osthol on bone marrow stromal stem cells in vitro under the con-ditions of the ability to differentiate into osteoblasts and the case of proliferation. Methods The rat bone marrow sample was obtained,and the all bone marrow cell culture methods were used to separate and collect the stratum of mononuclear cells. The cells were cultured in DMEM containing 10% fetal bovine serum. Three days later the culture medium was changed for the first time. Nine days later,serial subcultivation proceeded. The final concentration of osthol was 1 ? 10 -4,1 ? 10 -5,1 ? 10 -6,1 ? 10 -7 mol?L -1 respectively. MTT method was adopted in proliferation analysis. Under the induced condition,the Alkaline phosphatase activity, calcium salt sediment yield and osteocalcin were meas-ured on 4th,8th,12th,16th day. On the fifteenth day,his-tochemistry dyeing proceeded for calcified tubercle. Total RNA was isolated and the gene expression of bFGF, IGF-1,Osterix and Runx-2 was investigated by RT-Real Time PCR. Results The BMSCs proliferation was refrained by osthol dose-dependently. But it evidently led to osteogenesis. The ALP activity,calcium salt sediment yield and osteocalcin were raised,and calcified tubercle amount was increased. Besides,it also could enhance the mRNA level of bFGF,IGF-1,Osterix and Runx-2. Conclusion The osthol with final concentra-tion of 1 ? 10 -5 mol?L -1 can markedly promote BM-SCs differentiation to osteogenesis. which proves osthol is an active constituent of the traditional Chinese medi-cine Common Cnidium Fruit.