This study aims to describe the population and regional distribution characteristics of smoking behavior among adult twins in the China Twin Registry (CNTR), as well as the concordance rates for smoking behavior in monozygotic and dizygotic twins, and estimate the heritability. The study population included adult twins in CNTR who had smoking questionnaire data. A random-effects regression model was used to describe the distribution of smoking behavior among different subgroups based on various characteristics. The concordance of smoking behavior between different zygosity groups was calculated, and heritability was estimated. A total of 28 444 twin pairs were included in this study, with an average age of (36.6±12.0) years. Among male twins, 41.2% were current smokers, while only 1.2% of females smoked. Higher smoking rates were observed among male smokers in the 50-59 age group ( z=23.0, P<0.001), northern regions ( z=2.9, P<0.01), rural areas ( z=-5.2, P<0.001), those who were divorced/widowed ( z=3.8, P<0.001), and first-born twins ( z=-4.3, P<0.001), while lower smoking rates were found in those with higher education ( z=-16.1, P<0.001) and unmarried individuals ( z=-16.0, P<0.001). The smoking concordance rate for male monozygotic twins was 69.6%, significantly higher than the 57.3% concordance rate for dizygotic twins ( χ 2=105.0, P<0.05). The heritability of smoking behavior in male twins was estimated at 28.9% (95% CI: 24.3%-33.4%). Stratified analyses showed differences in heritability across regions and age groups: the heritability in northern regions was 32.6% (95% CI: 27.3%-38.0%), higher than the 21.0% (95% CI: 12.4%-29.5%) observed in southern regions; the highest heritability of 35.1% (95% CI: 26.3%-43.9%) was found in the 18-29 age group, with heritability decreasing with age. In conclusion, the smoking rate and influencing factors in the twin population are similar to those in the general population, with unique characteristics, such as higher smoking rates in first-born twins. Genetic factors have a significant impact on smoking behavior.

Objective:To describe the distribution characteristics of alcohol consumption in adult twins in the Chinese National Twin Registry (CNTR), and further explore the influence of genetic factors on alcohol consumption in adult twins.Methods:The subjects of the study were twins registered by CNTR in 11 project areas across China from 2010 to 2018. A total of 56 966 twins (28 483 pairs) aged 18 years and above who answered questions about drinking behavior were included, and the random effect model was used to describe the population and regional distribution characteristics of alcohol consumption. Intra-pair analysis was performed to calculate the concordance rate and heritability of their alcohol consumption.Results:The age of all subjects was (36.6±12.0) years, and current drinkers accounted for 16.6% (9 461/56 966) of all subjects. In men, those aged 50-59 years, those in northern China, those living in rural area, those with low education level and those with high BMI, the proportions of current drinkers were higher. After excluding 468 pairs of twins who had stopped alcohol use and 21 764 pairs of twins who had no drink or had small amount drink, an intra-pair analysis was conducted in 4 929 pairs of same-sex twins, and found that the concordance rate of alcohol consumption was 64.0% (2 059/3 215) in monozygotic twins, and 52.6% (902/1 714) in dizygotic twins, the difference was significant ( P<0.001), and the heritability of alcohol consumption was 24.1% (95% CI: 18.9%- 29.3%). The further stratified analysis found that in southern men, the heritability was highest in those aged 40-49 years (36.1%, 95% CI: 21.6%-50.7%), while in northern men, the heritability was highest in those aged 50-59 years (34.2%, 95% CI: 18.1%-50.3%). Conclusions:In adult twins in China, there were population and regional differences in the distribution of alcohol consumption behavior, and alcohol consumption was influenced by genetic factors, and gender, age and region had potential modifying effects.

Objective To explore the factors affecting the prognosis of patients with symptomatic severe intracranial artery stenosis after interventional therapy,and to construct a nomogram prediction model accordingly.Methods The clinical data of 121 patients with symptomatic severe intracranial artery stenosis,who received interventional treatment at the First People's Hospital of Zhengzhou from June 1,2021 to October 31,2024,were retrospectively analyzed.The general data,characteristics of vascular lesions,treatment-related factors and prognosis of patients were collected.According to the modified Rankin scale(mRS)score,the patients were divided into good prognosis group(mRS score ≤2 points)and poor prognosis group(mRS score＞2 points).The clinical data were compared between the two groups.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify and determine independent factors affecting patient's outcomes,to construct a nomogram prediction model and to validate this model.Results Among the 121 patients,31(25.61％)had poor prognosis and 90(74.38％)had good prognosis.The postoperative 3-month mRS score was lower than preoperative mRS score value(P＞0.05).There were significant differences in hypertension history,stenosis site,stenosis degree,collateral circulation state,interventional therapeutic mode,cholesterol level,platelet count,lesion length and preoperative NIHSS score(P＜0.05)between the poor prognosis group and the good prognosis group.Multivariate analysis showed that hypertension history,stenosis degree,collateral circulation status,cholesterol level,platelet count,lesion's length and preoperative NIHSS score were the independent influencing factors for the prognosis of patients with symptomatic severe intracranial artery stenosis.The predicted AUC of the nomogram model was 0.931(95％ CI=0.873-0.989),and the calibration curve showed that the predicted value was in good agreement with the actual value.Conclusion Hypertension history,stenosis degree,collateral circulation status,cholesterol level,platelet count,lesion length and preoperative NIHSS score are the important influencing factors for the prognosis of patients with symptomatic severe intracranial artery stenosis.The nomogram prediction model constructed in this study shows a high accuracy in predicting the prognosis of patients,and it can provide important reference for clinical decision-making.

As a traditional nutritional and healthy cash crop in China, tea has certain significance in promoting human health and preventing and controlling chronic diseases. Studies have shown that the nutritional health effect of tea is due to its rich functional components, mainly including tea polyphenols, tea pigments, tea polysaccharides, theanine, alkaloids and other bioactive substances. At present, researchers from the academic circles have continuously carried out animal and human experiments on the health effects of various functional components of tea, which has accumulated abundant research data and materials. Based on this, this article reviews the literature on the nutritional and health effects of the main functional components of tea, and adopts the method of evidence-based research to screen and extract relevant data for qualitative and quantitative meta-analysis. Subsequently, the nutritional health effects of the five functional components of tea, namely tea polyphenols, tea pigments, tea polysaccharides, theanine, and alkaloids, are summarized and outlined. Studies have shown that tea polyphenols, tea pigments, tea polysaccharides, theanine and alkaloids have different health effects and are expected to play their unique roles in promoting human health and preventing and controlling diseases.

Objective To investigate the relationship between preoperative serum levels of long noncoding RNA(lncRNA)X inactive specific transcript(XIST)and microRNA(miR)-140-3p in acute myocardial infarction(AMI)patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)and blood glucose,blood lipids,myocardial injury indexes,degree of coronary artery disease and the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE)within 3 years after surgery.Methods A total of 164 patients with AMI(AMI group)and 148 healthy subjects(healthy group)were selected from Hankuang General Hospital of North China Medical and Health Group from November 2018 to February 2021.Clinical data were collected at admission,and blood glucose,blood lipids,myocardial injury indicators,serum lncRNA XIST and miR-140-3p levels in AMI group before PCI and healthy group during physical examination were detected.According to the degree of coronary artery disease,AMI patients were divided into mild coronary artery disease group(n=33),moderate coronary artery disease group(n=76),and severe coronary artery disease group(n=55).Follow up for 3 years after surgery,AMI patients were divided into MACE group(n=36)and non-MACE group(n=128).Clinical data,preoperative PCI blood glucose,blood lipids,myocardial injury indicators,synergy between percutaneous coronary intervention with TAXUS and cardiac surgery(SYNTAX)score,and serum lncRNA XIST and miR-140-3p expression levels of health group and AMI group,AMI patients with different prognoses within 3 years after PCI were compared.The serum lncRNA XIST and miR-140-3p expression levels of AMI patients with different degrees of coronary artery disease before PCI were compared.The correlation between preoperative PCI serum lncRNA XIST and miR-140-3p with blood glucose,blood lipids,myocardial injury indicators,SYNTAX score in AMI patients,the influencing factors of MACE occurrence,and predicting the value of preoperative PCI serum lncRNA XIST and miR-140-3p in predicting MACE occurrence within 3 years after PCI in AMI patients were analyzed.Results Compared with healthy group,the preoperative PCI fasting plasma glucose(FPG),total cholesterol(TC),triglycerides(TG),low density lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-C),hypersensitive C-reactive protein(hs-CRP),creatine kinase isoenzyme(CK-MB),homocysteine(Hcy),cardiac troponin I(cTnI),brain natriuretic peptide(BNP),lncRNA XIST expression levels of AMI group were significantly increased(t=2.426～80.642),and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol(HDL-C),left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)and miR-140-3pexpression levels were significantly reduced(t=6.166～66.119),the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).Before PCI,the expression levels of serum lncRNA XIST were increased successively,and the expression levels of miR-140-3p were decreased successively in mild,moderate,and severe coronary artery lesions group,the differences were statistically significant(F=174.600,231.138,all P<0.05).The serum lncRNA XIST of AMI patients before PCI was positively correlated with FPG,TC,TG,LDL-C,hs-CRP,CK-MB,Hcy,cTnI,BNP and SYNTAX scores(r=0.235～0.681,all P＜0.05),and negatively correlated with miR-140-3p,HDL-C and LVEF(r=-0.571,-0.262,-0.513,all P＜0.05).miR-140-3p was negatively correlated with FPG,TC,TG,LDL-C,hs-CRP,CK-MB,Hcy,cTnI,BNP and SYNTAX scores(r=-0.672～-0.209,all P＜0.05),and positively correlated with HDL-C and LVEF(r=0.245,0.524,all P＜0.05).Compared with non-MACE group,the hs-CRP,CK-MB,Hcy,cTnI,BNP,SYNTAX scores and lncRNA XIST expression levels before PCI in MACE group were significantly increased(t=3.032～26.330),while the LVEF and miR-140-3p expression levels were significantly reduced(t=2.821,13.318),the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).LVEF and miR-140-3p were independent protective factors for MACE in AMI patients within 3 years after PCI(Wald χ2=6.098,7.851,all P＜0.05),while CK-MB,Hcy,cTnI,BNP,SYNTAX score and lncRNA XIST were independent risk factors for MACE in AMI patients within 3 years after PCI(Wald χ2=4.263～7.853,all P＜0.05).Compared with the area under curve(AUC)of serum lncRNA XIST and miR-140-3p before PCI separately predicting MACE occurrence within 3 years after PCI in AMI patients,the combined prediction of MACE occurrence within 3 years after PCI in AMI patients was higher,and the differences were statistically significant(Z=2.059,2.017,all P<0.05).Conclusion The expression of lncRNA XIST in the serum of AMI patients is increased while the expression of miR-140-3p is decreased.Both are associated with blood glucose,blood lipids myocardial injury indicators,degree of coronary artery disease,and the occurrence of MACE within three years after PCI.They have high value in predicting the occurrence of MACE within three years after PCI surgery.

This study aims to describe the population and regional distribution characteristics of smoking behavior among adult twins in the China Twin Registry (CNTR), as well as the concordance rates for smoking behavior in monozygotic and dizygotic twins, and estimate the heritability. The study population included adult twins in CNTR who had smoking questionnaire data. A random-effects regression model was used to describe the distribution of smoking behavior among different subgroups based on various characteristics. The concordance of smoking behavior between different zygosity groups was calculated, and heritability was estimated. A total of 28 444 twin pairs were included in this study, with an average age of (36.6±12.0) years. Among male twins, 41.2% were current smokers, while only 1.2% of females smoked. Higher smoking rates were observed among male smokers in the 50-59 age group ( z=23.0, P<0.001), northern regions ( z=2.9, P<0.01), rural areas ( z=-5.2, P<0.001), those who were divorced/widowed ( z=3.8, P<0.001), and first-born twins ( z=-4.3, P<0.001), while lower smoking rates were found in those with higher education ( z=-16.1, P<0.001) and unmarried individuals ( z=-16.0, P<0.001). The smoking concordance rate for male monozygotic twins was 69.6%, significantly higher than the 57.3% concordance rate for dizygotic twins ( χ 2=105.0, P<0.05). The heritability of smoking behavior in male twins was estimated at 28.9% (95% CI: 24.3%-33.4%). Stratified analyses showed differences in heritability across regions and age groups: the heritability in northern regions was 32.6% (95% CI: 27.3%-38.0%), higher than the 21.0% (95% CI: 12.4%-29.5%) observed in southern regions; the highest heritability of 35.1% (95% CI: 26.3%-43.9%) was found in the 18-29 age group, with heritability decreasing with age. In conclusion, the smoking rate and influencing factors in the twin population are similar to those in the general population, with unique characteristics, such as higher smoking rates in first-born twins. Genetic factors have a significant impact on smoking behavior.

Objective To investigate the relationship between preoperative serum levels of long noncoding RNA(lncRNA)X inactive specific transcript(XIST)and microRNA(miR)-140-3p in acute myocardial infarction(AMI)patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)and blood glucose,blood lipids,myocardial injury indexes,degree of coronary artery disease and the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE)within 3 years after surgery.Methods A total of 164 patients with AMI(AMI group)and 148 healthy subjects(healthy group)were selected from Hankuang General Hospital of North China Medical and Health Group from November 2018 to February 2021.Clinical data were collected at admission,and blood glucose,blood lipids,myocardial injury indicators,serum lncRNA XIST and miR-140-3p levels in AMI group before PCI and healthy group during physical examination were detected.According to the degree of coronary artery disease,AMI patients were divided into mild coronary artery disease group(n=33),moderate coronary artery disease group(n=76),and severe coronary artery disease group(n=55).Follow up for 3 years after surgery,AMI patients were divided into MACE group(n=36)and non-MACE group(n=128).Clinical data,preoperative PCI blood glucose,blood lipids,myocardial injury indicators,synergy between percutaneous coronary intervention with TAXUS and cardiac surgery(SYNTAX)score,and serum lncRNA XIST and miR-140-3p expression levels of health group and AMI group,AMI patients with different prognoses within 3 years after PCI were compared.The serum lncRNA XIST and miR-140-3p expression levels of AMI patients with different degrees of coronary artery disease before PCI were compared.The correlation between preoperative PCI serum lncRNA XIST and miR-140-3p with blood glucose,blood lipids,myocardial injury indicators,SYNTAX score in AMI patients,the influencing factors of MACE occurrence,and predicting the value of preoperative PCI serum lncRNA XIST and miR-140-3p in predicting MACE occurrence within 3 years after PCI in AMI patients were analyzed.Results Compared with healthy group,the preoperative PCI fasting plasma glucose(FPG),total cholesterol(TC),triglycerides(TG),low density lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-C),hypersensitive C-reactive protein(hs-CRP),creatine kinase isoenzyme(CK-MB),homocysteine(Hcy),cardiac troponin I(cTnI),brain natriuretic peptide(BNP),lncRNA XIST expression levels of AMI group were significantly increased(t=2.426～80.642),and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol(HDL-C),left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)and miR-140-3pexpression levels were significantly reduced(t=6.166～66.119),the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).Before PCI,the expression levels of serum lncRNA XIST were increased successively,and the expression levels of miR-140-3p were decreased successively in mild,moderate,and severe coronary artery lesions group,the differences were statistically significant(F=174.600,231.138,all P<0.05).The serum lncRNA XIST of AMI patients before PCI was positively correlated with FPG,TC,TG,LDL-C,hs-CRP,CK-MB,Hcy,cTnI,BNP and SYNTAX scores(r=0.235～0.681,all P＜0.05),and negatively correlated with miR-140-3p,HDL-C and LVEF(r=-0.571,-0.262,-0.513,all P＜0.05).miR-140-3p was negatively correlated with FPG,TC,TG,LDL-C,hs-CRP,CK-MB,Hcy,cTnI,BNP and SYNTAX scores(r=-0.672～-0.209,all P＜0.05),and positively correlated with HDL-C and LVEF(r=0.245,0.524,all P＜0.05).Compared with non-MACE group,the hs-CRP,CK-MB,Hcy,cTnI,BNP,SYNTAX scores and lncRNA XIST expression levels before PCI in MACE group were significantly increased(t=3.032～26.330),while the LVEF and miR-140-3p expression levels were significantly reduced(t=2.821,13.318),the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).LVEF and miR-140-3p were independent protective factors for MACE in AMI patients within 3 years after PCI(Wald χ2=6.098,7.851,all P＜0.05),while CK-MB,Hcy,cTnI,BNP,SYNTAX score and lncRNA XIST were independent risk factors for MACE in AMI patients within 3 years after PCI(Wald χ2=4.263～7.853,all P＜0.05).Compared with the area under curve(AUC)of serum lncRNA XIST and miR-140-3p before PCI separately predicting MACE occurrence within 3 years after PCI in AMI patients,the combined prediction of MACE occurrence within 3 years after PCI in AMI patients was higher,and the differences were statistically significant(Z=2.059,2.017,all P<0.05).Conclusion The expression of lncRNA XIST in the serum of AMI patients is increased while the expression of miR-140-3p is decreased.Both are associated with blood glucose,blood lipids myocardial injury indicators,degree of coronary artery disease,and the occurrence of MACE within three years after PCI.They have high value in predicting the occurrence of MACE within three years after PCI surgery.

Objective:To describe the distribution characteristics of alcohol consumption in adult twins in the Chinese National Twin Registry (CNTR), and further explore the influence of genetic factors on alcohol consumption in adult twins.Methods:The subjects of the study were twins registered by CNTR in 11 project areas across China from 2010 to 2018. A total of 56 966 twins (28 483 pairs) aged 18 years and above who answered questions about drinking behavior were included, and the random effect model was used to describe the population and regional distribution characteristics of alcohol consumption. Intra-pair analysis was performed to calculate the concordance rate and heritability of their alcohol consumption.Results:The age of all subjects was (36.6±12.0) years, and current drinkers accounted for 16.6% (9 461/56 966) of all subjects. In men, those aged 50-59 years, those in northern China, those living in rural area, those with low education level and those with high BMI, the proportions of current drinkers were higher. After excluding 468 pairs of twins who had stopped alcohol use and 21 764 pairs of twins who had no drink or had small amount drink, an intra-pair analysis was conducted in 4 929 pairs of same-sex twins, and found that the concordance rate of alcohol consumption was 64.0% (2 059/3 215) in monozygotic twins, and 52.6% (902/1 714) in dizygotic twins, the difference was significant ( P<0.001), and the heritability of alcohol consumption was 24.1% (95% CI: 18.9%- 29.3%). The further stratified analysis found that in southern men, the heritability was highest in those aged 40-49 years (36.1%, 95% CI: 21.6%-50.7%), while in northern men, the heritability was highest in those aged 50-59 years (34.2%, 95% CI: 18.1%-50.3%). Conclusions:In adult twins in China, there were population and regional differences in the distribution of alcohol consumption behavior, and alcohol consumption was influenced by genetic factors, and gender, age and region had potential modifying effects.

Objective To study the effects of antibiotics and high-fat diet on energy metabolism and the browning of white adipose tissue (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT) in mice, so as to provide new ideas for the possible mechanism of adipose tissue in the prevention and treatment of obesity. Methods A total of 80 10-week-old C57BL/6 male mice were fed with normal diet in the early stage, and the antibiotic gavage group (AG) and antibiotic high-fat group (AFG) were given mixed antibiotics by gavage. The blank group (BG) and the high-fat diet group (FG) were given normal saline intragastric solution for 2 weeks, and after the gavage operation, the FG group and the AFG group were given high-fat diet for obesity modeling, and the BG group and AG group continued to be fed with normal diet for 8 weeks (N=20). After the experiment, each group was injected with β3-adrenergic receptor agonists for 5 days, and the high-fat/ordinary diet remained unchanged. At the end of the experiment, basal metabolic rate (BMR), fasting blood glucose (FBG) and rectal temperature were measured, and feces, blood, subcutaneous white fat, epididymis and brown adipose tissue in the scapular area of mice were collected. The automatic biochemical analyzer was used to determine the blood biochemical indexes; reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to measure the expression of genes related to browning of WAT and BAT adipose tissue, respectively. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to determine the expression of WAT mitochondrial DNA (mt DNA). Results From the 4th week to the end of the experiment, the weight of the AFG group was significantly higher than that of the AG group and significantly lower than that of the FG group (P<0.05). The body weight, organ coefficient, serum TC level, rectal temperature and WAT cell diameter in the AFG group were significantly higher than those in the AG group. The serum levels of FBG, TC and LDL in the AFG group were significantly lower than those in the FG group (P<0.05). The overall BMR(mlO2/h) FG group was significantly higher than that of BG group, and the AFG group was significantly higher than that of AG. BMR per unit body weight (mlO2/h/g) AFG was significantly higher than that of FG group (P<0.05). The expressions of RIP140, PPAR-γ and UCP-1 in BAT in the AFG group were significantly higher than those in the FG group, and the mt DNA copy number of WAT in the AFG group was significantly higher than that in the FG group (P<0.05). Conclusion Antibiotic intervention can up-regulate the expression of brown fat-related genes in high-fat diet mice, increase brown fat activity, increase the relative mitochondrial number of white fat, increase the level of browning of white fat, promote thermogenesis, increase the BMR per unit body weight of adult obese mice, and then improve the overall energy metabolism of the body, and slow down the weight gain induced by high-fat diet to a certain extent.

Objective To investigate the mechanism mediating the regulatory effect of lncRNA MAGI2-AS3 on cisplatin(DDP)resistance in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Methods MAGI2-AS3 and miR-1269a expression levels were detected by qRT-PCR in DDP-sensitive lung cancer cell lines(A549 and H1299)and their resistant counterparts(A549/DDP and H1299/DDP).In A549 and H1299 cells with MAGI2-AS3 silencing and A549/DDP and H1299/DDP cells overexpressing MAGI2-AS3,the effects of 20 μmol/L DDP on cell viability and apoptosis were examined with CCK-8 assay,colony formation assay,flow cytometry and Western blotting,and the changes in epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)were assessed with wound healing and Transwell assays.The interaction between MAGI2-AS3,miR-1269a and PTEN was predicted using GEPIA,StarBase and miRDB and verified with luciferase reporter gene assay and radioimmunoprecipitation(RIP)assay.A miR-1269a mimic and pcDNA3.1-PTEN plasmid were used to perform the rescue assay.Results MAGI2-AS3 expression was significantly downregulated in lung cancer tissues(P<0.05)in association with a poor prognosis(P<0.05).In the two DDP-resistant lung cancer cell lines,MAGI2-AS3 expression was significantly lowered as compared with the sensitive cells.Silencing MAGI2-AS3 significantly enhanced cell viability and promoted EMT of A549 and H1299 cells irrespective of DDP treatment,and also decreased DDP-induced apoptosis of the cells.In A549/DDP and H1299/DDP cells,MAGI2-AS3 overexpression strongly repressed cell viability and EMT irrespective of DDP treatment and promoted DDP-induced cell apoptosis.Luciferase reporter gene and RIP assays confirmed the binding of MAGI2-AS3 with miR-1269a and the binding of miR-1269a with 3'-UTR domain of PTEN.The rescue assay demonstrated that MAGI2-AS3 acted as a sponge for miR-1269a to promote PTEN expression and downregulate AKT phosphorylation,thus inhibiting EMT and promoting DDP-induced apoptosis of A549/DDP cells.Conclusion MAGI2-AS3 enhances DDP sensitivity of NSCLC by targeted regulation of the miR-1269a/PTEN/AKT signaling axis.