Opioid-induced constipation(OIC)is a typical complication in the treatment of cancer pain.Based on the origin of"removing the excess with lightness"and the principle of"removing the excess with lightness",this article proposed that qi blockade and heat toxicity are the core pathogenesis of OIC.It explored the effectiveness of the"removing the excess with lightness"method in treating OIC,seeking the unique characteristics of TCM inherent in the theory,aiming to offer new insights and approaches for the clinical treatment of this disease.

Radiation enteritis(RE)is an inflammatory reaction caused by radiation exposure,commonly observed following radiotherapy for malignancies in the abdominal,pelvic and retroperitoneal regions.The authors believe that the pathogenesis of RE is complex,involving factors such as deficiency and excess,cold and heat,as well as qi and blood.The general pathogenesis can be summarized as"instability of the Zhongzhou,depletion of essence and blood,dysregulation of ascending and descending,and accumulation of heat-toxins".And"the instability of the Zhongzhou and subsequent malnutrition of the intestines"are the key drivers of disease progression.Based on theoretical exploration and clinical observations,this article proposed a comprehensive diagnostic and therapeutic approach centered on"stabilizing the Zhongzhou,replenishing essence and blood,regulating ascending and descending functions,and clearing heat-toxins".These four methods are often applied simultaneously,with"stabilizing the Zhongzhou and regulating the intestines"serving as the core of treatment.The approach is tailored according to the individual patient's condition of blood,qi and body fluids.A medical case was attached as evidence for verification.

The tumor microenvironment (TME) is the cellular milieu in which tumor cells thrive, comprising interacting cells and associated factors that form a complex network of interactions, directly or indirectly influencing the initiation, progression, and metastasis of lung cancer. Through TCM pattern identification, it has been observed thatphlegm-pathogen is closely associated with disorder in the inflammatory-metabolic-immune microenvironments of lung cancer. This involves three key pathological mechanisms: "phlegm-stasis complicated by toxin, qi deficiency with exuberant phlegm, and phlegm-pathogen impairing healthy qi". Molecular mechanism studies have revealed that phlegm-resolving agents can extensively modulate multiple targets or pathways, thereby remodeling the inflammatory-metabolic-immune microenvironments of lung cancer. Consequently, a comprehensive therapeutic strategy integrating "resolving phlegm, dispelling stasis, and detoxifying; supplementing qi, warming yang, and resolving phlegm; and reinforcing healthy qi, tonifying the lung, and eliminating phlegm" is essential to reshape the lung cancer TME and enhance antitumor efficacy.

Radiation enteritis(RE)is an inflammatory reaction caused by radiation exposure,commonly observed following radiotherapy for malignancies in the abdominal,pelvic and retroperitoneal regions.The authors believe that the pathogenesis of RE is complex,involving factors such as deficiency and excess,cold and heat,as well as qi and blood.The general pathogenesis can be summarized as"instability of the Zhongzhou,depletion of essence and blood,dysregulation of ascending and descending,and accumulation of heat-toxins".And"the instability of the Zhongzhou and subsequent malnutrition of the intestines"are the key drivers of disease progression.Based on theoretical exploration and clinical observations,this article proposed a comprehensive diagnostic and therapeutic approach centered on"stabilizing the Zhongzhou,replenishing essence and blood,regulating ascending and descending functions,and clearing heat-toxins".These four methods are often applied simultaneously,with"stabilizing the Zhongzhou and regulating the intestines"serving as the core of treatment.The approach is tailored according to the individual patient's condition of blood,qi and body fluids.A medical case was attached as evidence for verification.

Opioid-induced constipation(OIC)is a typical complication in the treatment of cancer pain.Based on the origin of"removing the excess with lightness"and the principle of"removing the excess with lightness",this article proposed that qi blockade and heat toxicity are the core pathogenesis of OIC.It explored the effectiveness of the"removing the excess with lightness"method in treating OIC,seeking the unique characteristics of TCM inherent in the theory,aiming to offer new insights and approaches for the clinical treatment of this disease.