Objective:To explore the correlation between serum levels of interleukin-9 (IL-9), platelet activating factor (PAF), total immunoglobulin E (IgE), interferon γ (IFN-γ), and interleukin-4 (IL-4) in patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU).Methods:Sixty CSU active phase patients admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University from March 2018 to March 2019 were selected and included in the CSU active phase group. Based on the 7-day Urticaria Activity Score (UAS7), they were divided into three groups: 15 mild group, 25 moderate group, and 20 severe group; And 19 patients who entered the quiescent phase of the disease after 28 days of standardized antihistamine treatment were included in the CSU quiescent phase group. Another 30 healthy subjects who participated in the physical examination at the same time at our hospital′s physical examination center were selected to be included in the healthy control group. 5 ml of fasting elbow vein blood was collected from CSU active and stationary patients, as well as healthy subjects. The serum levels of IL-9, PAF, total IgE, IFN-γ, and IL-4 were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Pearson correlation test was used to analyze the correlation between serum IL-9, PAF levels and total IgE, IFN-γ, and IL-4 levels in CSU active patients.Results:The serum levels of IL-9, PAF, total IgE, and IL-4 in the CSU active phase group were higher than those in the CSU stationary phase group and healthy control group (all P<0.05), and the serum IFN-γ levels were lower than those in the CSU stationary phase group and healthy control group (all P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the levels of the above indicators between the healthy control group and the CSU stationary group (all P>0.05). The serum levels of IL-9, PAF, total IgE, and IL-4 in the severe group were significantly higher than those in the mild and moderate groups (all P<0.05), and the serum IFN-γ levels were significantly lower than those in the mild and moderate groups (all P<0.05); The serum levels of IL-9, PAF, total IgE, and IL-4 in the moderate group were significantly higher than those in the mild group (all P<0.05), and the serum IFN-γ levels were significantly lower than those in the mild group ( P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that serum IL-9 and PAF levels were positively correlated with serum total IgE and IL-4 levels in CSU active phase patients (IL-9: r=0.726, 0.870, PAF: r=0.788, 0.795, all P<0.01), and negatively correlated with serum IFN-γ levels (IL-9: r=-0.831, PAF: r=-0.816, all P<0.01). Conclusions:The serum levels of IL-9 and PAF in patients with active CSU are elevated and correlated with total IgE, IFN-γ, and IL-4 levels, suggesting that IL-9 and PAF may be related to the occurrence and development of CSU.

Macrophages play an important role in the development of inflammation,the core mechanism of athero-sclerosis.In recent years,nanotechnology has provided a new perspective for the diagnosis and treatment of atherosclerosis with its unique characteristics of biological compatibility and precise targeting.In this paper,the patholog-ical mechanism of atherosclerosis,the realization of atherosclerosis imaging by targeting macrophages with nanomaterials and the application of macrophage cell membrane biomimetic nanoparticles in anti-atherosclerosis were reviewed.

Objective:To explore the relationship of serum interleukin (IL) -9 and platelet-activating factor (PAF) levels with serum total immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels, disease severity and disease course in patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) .Methods:A total of 60 patients with active CSU were collected from Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University from March 2018 to March 2019 (active CSU group), and divided into mild group, moderate group and severe group according to 7-day urticaria activity score (UAS7). After 28-day standard antihistamine therapy, the patients whose condition became stable were included in the stable CSU group. During the same period, 30 health examinees were included in the healthy control group. Peripheral venous blood samples were collected from the subjects in each group, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to detect serum levels of IL-9 and PAF, and immunoturbidimetric assay to detect the serum total IgE level. Correlations of serum IL-9 and PAF levels with serum total IgE levels, UAS7 scores and disease courses were analyzed in patients with CSU. One-way analysis of variance was used for comparisons among multiple groups, least significant difference- t test for multiple comparisons, and Pearson correlation analysis for correlation analysis. Results:Totally, 28 males and 32 females were included in the active CSU group, their age ranged from 11 to 68 years (34.68 ± 8.62 years), and the disease duration ranged from 2 months to 7 years (1.42 ± 0.41 years). In the healthy control group, 14 were males and 16 were females, and their age ranged from 10 to 70 years (35.06 ± 7.89 years). According to UAS7, 12, 26, and 22 patients were diagnosed with mild, moderate and severe CSU respectively, and 22 were included in the stable CSU group after standard treatment. The levels of serum IL-9, PAF and total IgE significantly differed among the active CSU group, stable CSU group and healthy control group (IL-9: 144.34 ± 23.19 vs. 109.25 ± 20.77 vs. 107.23 ± 19.23 pg/ml; PAF: 362.45 ± 51.45 vs. 223.18 ± 32.46 vs. 221.23 ± 28.38 pg/ml; total IgE: 168.12 ± 32.48 vs. 24.04 ± 7.04 vs. 21.76 ± 5.95 IU/ml; F = 38.80, 148.38, 499.12, respectively, all P < 0.001), and were significantly higher in the active CSU group than in the stable CSU group and healthy control group (all P < 0.05), while there was no significant difference between the stable CSU group and healthy control group (all P > 0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that the serum IL-9 and PAF levels were positively correlated with serum total IgE levels and UAS7 scores (all P < 0.05), but not correlated with the disease course (both P > 0.05) . Conclusion:Serum IL-9 and PAF levels in patients with active CSU were markedly elevated along with the increase in disease severity, and closely correlated with serum total IgE levels.

This paper aimed at investigating the effects of Xinfukang Oral Liquid on mitochondrial proteomic alterations in rats with heart failure after myocardial infarction and exploring its possible mechanisms. Heart failure models were established by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery of SD rats. Rats were randomly divided into sham group, model group, Xinfukang group. 8 weeks after drug intervention, the mitochondrial proteomic alterations of myocardial tissue were detected by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) . Furthermore, expression levels of part of the differently expressed proteins were verified by western blot. Compared with model group, 20 differentially expressed protein spots were detected in Xinfukang group, 13 of which showed increased protein expression and 7 decreased; 13 differentially expressed protein spots were successfully identified by MALDI-TOF-MS. Bioinformatics analysis showed that these differential proteins were mainly associated with energy metabolism, stress reaction, oxidative damage, cyto-skeleton, cell differentiation and proliferation. Western blot results showed that the expression of Stress-70 protein and Nucleophosmin increased and the expression of ATP-αdecreased in model group. The expression of Stress-70 protein and Nucleophosmin decreased and the expression of ATP-αincreased in Xinfukang group, which shows the same results in proteomics. Xinfukang Oral Liquid can partly adjust proteomic alterations of myocardial mitochondrial in HF rats, and its intervention mechanism may involve improving energy metabolism, reliving stress reaction and oxidative damage, as well as regulating cell differentiation and proliferation. The results of comparative proteomic analysis performed by using2-DE and MALDI-TOF-MS are acurate, stable and reliable.

Objective: To investigate the effects of Trimetazidine on mitochondrial proteomic alterations in heart failure rats with qi- deficiency and blood- stasis syndrome after myocardial infarction. Methods: Heart failure models were established by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery of SD rats. Rats were randomly divided into sham group, model group, Trimetazidine group. 8 weeks after drug intervention, the mitochondrial proteomic alterations of myocardial tissue were detected by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ ionization time- of- flight mass spectrometry (MALDI- TOF- MS). Furthermore, expression levels of part of the differentially expressed proteins were verified by western blot. Results: Compared with model group, 18 differentially expressed protein spots were detected in Trimetazidine group, 10 of which were successfully identified by MALDI-TOFMS. Bioinformatics analysis showed that these differential proteins were mainly associated with energy metabolism, stress reaction, oxidative damage, cyto-skeleton, cell differentiation and proliferation. Western blot results showed that the expression of Stress-70 protein and Nucleophosmin increased and the expression of ATP-αdecreased in model group. The expression of Stress- 70 protein and Nucleophosmin decreased and the expression of ATP- αincreased in Trimetazidine group, which showed the same results in proteomics. Conclusion: Trimetazidine can partly adjust proteomic alterations of myocardial mitochondrial in HF rats with qi-deficiency and blood-stasis syndrome, and its intervention mechanism may involve improving energy metabolism, relieving stress reaction and oxidative damage, as well as regulating cell differentiation and proliferation. The results of comparative proteomic analysis performed by using 2-DE and MALDI-TOF-MS are accurate, stable and reliable.

Aim TodevelopandvalidateaLC-MS/MS assay to quantify halometasone in rabbit plasma and study pharmacokinetics of halometasone after dermal topical administration of Halometasone Cream.Meth-ods Theplasmasamplewassubmittedtoliquid-liquid extraction using methyl tertiary butyl ether,with dexa-methasone as the internal standard (IS ).Chromato-graphic separations were performed on a Diamonsil C18 column(100 mm ×4. 6 mm,5 μm)with a linear gra-dient of methanol and 2 mmol · L-1 ammonium ace-tate.Halometasone and dexamethasone(IS)were ion-ized with an ESI source operated in negative ion mode, and the detected ions were m/z 503. 1→413. 0 (halo-metasone),m/z 391. 0→361. 0 (dexamethasone ). The test article could be monitored in rabbit plasma when following single dermal topical administration of Halometasone Cream at 1 g/100 cm2 to rabbits by u-singavalidatedLC-MS/MSassay.Results Calibra-tion curve was linear over the concentration range of0. 02~20 μg·L-1 in rabbit plasma.For low,medi-um,high concentration of QC solutions,the intra-and inter-day precision was in the range of 3. 72% ~7. 87%, and the accuracy was within 99. 1% to 103%. The pharmacokinetic parameters in rabbits were as follows:Tmax,Cmax,AUC0-t,T1/2 was (7. 38 ± 1. 06)h,(1. 16 ±0. 527)μg·L-1,(18. 8 ±7. 23)h·μg·L-1 ,(13. 8 ±3. 70)h,respectively.Conclusions ThisLC-MS/MSanalysismethodhashighsensitivi-ty,and sample processing method is simple,which has been rigorously validated.The method could be suc-cessfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study of halo-metasone after skin administration of Halometasone Cream to rabbits.

This article mainly elaborated around the four common categories of objective classification indicators, including constitution-gene and pathway, symptoms and signs, imaging examinations and biological indicators. We summarized advantages and limitations in all the objective classification categories, and put forward that both human secretory immunoglobulins A and salivary cortisol have the potential to be important classification indicators in constitution of traditional Chinese medicine, which might bring objective and quantitative criterion for constitution recognition and constitutional interventions in the future.

Objective To investigate the biological function of SPA-PEI conjugate(staphylococcal protein A-polyethyleneimine cross-linker),which is one key component for construction of a novel antibody-targeted DNA delivery system.Methods The binding capacity of SPA-PEI conjugate with multiple sources of IgG was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and neutralization inhibition assay.The binding capacity of SPA-PEI conjugate with DNA fragment was determined by DNA gel retardation assay,and its DNA condensing ability was measured by Ethidium bromide exclusion assay.Results SPA-PEI conjugate could bind well to many species-derived IgGs.SPA-PEI conjugate had no significant effect on the binding properties of SPA.SPAPEI conjugate could neutralize negative charges of the plasmid DNA or DzTi.Its DNA condensing ability was nearly same to that of free PEI,which suggested a excellent DNA condensing ability of the SPA-PEI conjugate.Conclusion SPA-PEI cross-linkers prepared by this project group maintained the biological activity of SPA and PEI.SPA-PEI cross-linkers could be used for the construction of a novel antibody-targeted non-virus DNA delivery system.

Objective To evaluate the prognostic values of common definition compared to traditional definition of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) in patients with normal serum creatinine (SCr). Methods Patients undergoing percutaneous coronary angiology or intervention with normal baseline SCr were enrolled prospectively. Those who were diagnosed as CIN according to common definition were divided into two groups based on the peak increase from baseline in the SCr concentration within 48 ~ 72 hours after the procedure: ≥ 44.2 μmol/L (CIN44.2 group, in common with traditional definition), ≥25% of baseline to < 44.2 μmol/L (CIN25%-44.2 group, interval between the two definitions). Hospital stay and long-term outcomes were compared among CIN44.2, CIN25%-44.2, and non-CIN groups. Results Of all 3,044 patients enrolled, 302 (9.9%) patients developed CIN according to common definition including CIN44.2 occurred in 56 (1.8%) patients and CIN25%-44.2 in 246 (8.1%) patients. Patients in CIN44.2 group indicated significant longer hospital stay and long-term outcomes compared with non-CIN group (P < 0.05). However, patients in CIN25%-44.2 group had similar in-hospital mortality and long-term cumulative risk of major clinical adverse events (MACE) and death with non-CIN group (all, P = 1.00). Multivariate Cox proportional hazard analyses also demonstrated that CIN25%-44.2 did not associate with long-term MACE (HR 1.16, P = 0.645) and death (HR 0.98, P = 0.964) after adjusting for potential confounding factors. Conclusions For patients with normal baseline SCr, common definition based on traditional definition of CIN is unreasonable and overestimates the incidence of CIN, whose extension of traditional denifition proves no significant clinical value.

Objective To investigate the potential predictors and treatment for secondary sexual dysfunction following pelvic fracture. Methods 184 patients were included in this study from multiple centers in Guangzhou city, to find the potential predictors for secondary sexual dysfunction following pelvic fracture. 76 patients were identified to be secondary sexual dysfunction, which were randomized into three treatment groups, who were given continuous low dose of tadalafil (5 mg/time)combined with oral sildenafil (50 mg/time), tadalafil (5 mg/time) only and sildenafil (50 mg/time) only respectively, and followed by evaluation of therapeutic effect according to IIEF-5 questionnaire and Sexual Encounter Profile (SEP) diaries to evaluate the effect. Results Risk factors including age and the type of pelvic fractures but not urethral injury was associated with the complication of secondary sexual dysfunction . After treatment for twelve weeks, the IIEF-5 score in A groups (18.1 ± 4.2) was significantly higher than that in B (16.4 ± 3.4) or C (16.6 ± 4.0) group (P<0.05). The positive rate of response to SEP2 and SEP3 in A group were 73.0% and 79.4% respectively, both of which were remarkably higher than those in B or C group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Secondary sexual dysfunction following pelvic fracture is associated with age and type of pelvic fractures. Continuous low dose of tadalafil (5 mg/time) combined with sildenafil (50 mg/time) provides superior effective treatment for secondary sexual dysfunction following pelvic fracture.