Post-stroke depression (PSD) is a common sequelae of stroke, which can affect patients' neurological function recovery and quality of life. At present, the diagnosis of PSD mainly relies on subjective scales, and lacks objective biomarkers for early identification. This article reviews the research progress in magnetic resonance imaging for PSD, including structural imaging, functional network, and spectral analysis, aiming to reveal the neuropathological mechanism of PSD and provide a basis for constructing an objective diagnostic system based on magnetic resonance imaging.

AIM:To investigate the regulatory role and molecular mechanisms of the p62-NIMA(never in mi-tosis gene A)-related kinase 7(NEK7)-gasdermin D(GSDMD)-mediated pyroptosis axis in a mouse model of gouty arthri-tis.METHODS:C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into control group,model group,and colchicine group(n=5 per group).Conditional knockout mouse models of p62,GSDMD,and p62-GSDMD were constructed and assigned to p62-/-group,GSDMD-/-group,and p62-/--GSDMD-/-group,respectively(n=5 per group).The gouty arthritis model was in-duced by monosodium urate crystal injection into the ankle joint in all groups except control.The colchicine group re-ceived oral colchicine pretreatment for 3 days prior to MSU injection,continuing for 5 days total.Ankle joint swelling was measured using a vernier caliper at 0,6,12,24,and 48 hours post-injection.Serum levels of p62,GSDMD,caspase-1,interleukin-1β(IL-1β),and IL-18 were quantified by ELISA.Immunohistochemistry staining was performed to assess nu-cleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3(NLRP3),apoptosis-associated speck-like protein contain-ing a caspase recruitment domain(ASC),cleaved caspase-1,and IL-1β expression in joint tissues.Western blot was con-ducted to detect protein expression of p62,GSDMD,NLRP3,ASC,cleaved caspase-1,and IL-1β in mouse ankle joints,while RT-qPCR was used to measure mRNA expression of p62,NEK7,GSDMD,NLRP3,caspase-1 and IL-1β.RE-SULTS:Serum p62 levels and p62 protein and mRNA expression in ankle joints were significantly elevated in the model group.Following p62 gene knockout,the protein expression of NLRP3,ASC,caspase-1,and IL-1β in ankle joints showed a marked increase.Both GSDMD-/-and p62-/--GSDMD-/-groups exhibited attenuated ankle joint swelling,reduced serum levels of caspase-1,IL-1β,and IL-18,along with downregulated expression of p62,NLRP3,ASC,caspase-1,and IL-1β at both mRNA and protein levels in ankle joints.The NEK7 mRNA expression was similarly suppressed in these groups.CONCLUSION:Our findings demonstrate that MSU crystals activate macrophages through the coordinated action of p62,NEK7,and GSDMD,triggering NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis and ultimately promoting joint inflammation in gout mice.The p62-NEK7-GSDMD axis represents a critical regulatory mechanism in the canonical pyrop-tosis signaling pathway.

Objective To explore the microstructural alterations in the white matter of patients with Parkinson's disease(PD)with depression(PD-D)by Tract-based Spatial Statistics(TBSS),with the aim of identifying neuroimaging biomarkers for early diagnosis.Methods Participants with PD were recruited from the Parkinson Progression Marker Initiative database and categorized into PD-D group(n=50)and PD without depression(PD-ND)group(n=31)based on the Geriatric Depression Scale(GDS-15).Age-and gender-matched healthy volunteers were also included in healthy control(HC)group(n=23).All subjects underwent brain MRI-DTI scans.TBSS was utilized to compare fractional anisotropy(FA),mean diffusivity(MD),axial diffusivity(AD),and radial diffusivity(RD)values among groups and to perform Pearson correlation analysis with clinical PD data.Results Compared with HC group,FA values were significantly reduced and MD values were significantly increased in bilateral cingulate(hippocampus),crus,parahippocampal,inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus,inferior longitudinal fasciculus,uncinate fasciculus,superior longitudinal fasciculus(SLF),SLF(temporal),thalamic radiation and corticospinal tract of PD-D group(all P＜0.05).Compared with PD-ND group,MD values were significantly higher in the left cingulum(cingulate gyrus),left inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus,left SLF,left SLF(temporal),left thalamic radiation and left corticospinal tract of PD-D group,while AD values were significantly higher in the left SLF of PD-D group(all P＜0.05).Correlation analysis revealed that AD values in the left SLF were positively correlated with Epworth sleepiness scale score and GDS-15 score(r=0.192,P=0.043;r=0.443,P＜0.01).MD values in the differential brain regions were negatively correlated with Montreal cognitive assessment scale scores(r=-0.187,P=0.047)and positively correlated with GDS-15 scores(r=0.485,P＜0.01).Conclusion This study demonstrate that TBSS can reveal microstructural changes in the brains of PD-D patients,which may serve as neuroimaging biomarkers and provide guidance for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Objective To explore the microstructural alterations in the white matter of patients with Parkinson's disease(PD)with depression(PD-D)by Tract-based Spatial Statistics(TBSS),with the aim of identifying neuroimaging biomarkers for early diagnosis.Methods Participants with PD were recruited from the Parkinson Progression Marker Initiative database and categorized into PD-D group(n=50)and PD without depression(PD-ND)group(n=31)based on the Geriatric Depression Scale(GDS-15).Age-and gender-matched healthy volunteers were also included in healthy control(HC)group(n=23).All subjects underwent brain MRI-DTI scans.TBSS was utilized to compare fractional anisotropy(FA),mean diffusivity(MD),axial diffusivity(AD),and radial diffusivity(RD)values among groups and to perform Pearson correlation analysis with clinical PD data.Results Compared with HC group,FA values were significantly reduced and MD values were significantly increased in bilateral cingulate(hippocampus),crus,parahippocampal,inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus,inferior longitudinal fasciculus,uncinate fasciculus,superior longitudinal fasciculus(SLF),SLF(temporal),thalamic radiation and corticospinal tract of PD-D group(all P＜0.05).Compared with PD-ND group,MD values were significantly higher in the left cingulum(cingulate gyrus),left inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus,left SLF,left SLF(temporal),left thalamic radiation and left corticospinal tract of PD-D group,while AD values were significantly higher in the left SLF of PD-D group(all P＜0.05).Correlation analysis revealed that AD values in the left SLF were positively correlated with Epworth sleepiness scale score and GDS-15 score(r=0.192,P=0.043;r=0.443,P＜0.01).MD values in the differential brain regions were negatively correlated with Montreal cognitive assessment scale scores(r=-0.187,P=0.047)and positively correlated with GDS-15 scores(r=0.485,P＜0.01).Conclusion This study demonstrate that TBSS can reveal microstructural changes in the brains of PD-D patients,which may serve as neuroimaging biomarkers and provide guidance for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

AIM:To investigate the regulatory role and molecular mechanisms of the p62-NIMA(never in mi-tosis gene A)-related kinase 7(NEK7)-gasdermin D(GSDMD)-mediated pyroptosis axis in a mouse model of gouty arthri-tis.METHODS:C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into control group,model group,and colchicine group(n=5 per group).Conditional knockout mouse models of p62,GSDMD,and p62-GSDMD were constructed and assigned to p62-/-group,GSDMD-/-group,and p62-/--GSDMD-/-group,respectively(n=5 per group).The gouty arthritis model was in-duced by monosodium urate crystal injection into the ankle joint in all groups except control.The colchicine group re-ceived oral colchicine pretreatment for 3 days prior to MSU injection,continuing for 5 days total.Ankle joint swelling was measured using a vernier caliper at 0,6,12,24,and 48 hours post-injection.Serum levels of p62,GSDMD,caspase-1,interleukin-1β(IL-1β),and IL-18 were quantified by ELISA.Immunohistochemistry staining was performed to assess nu-cleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3(NLRP3),apoptosis-associated speck-like protein contain-ing a caspase recruitment domain(ASC),cleaved caspase-1,and IL-1β expression in joint tissues.Western blot was con-ducted to detect protein expression of p62,GSDMD,NLRP3,ASC,cleaved caspase-1,and IL-1β in mouse ankle joints,while RT-qPCR was used to measure mRNA expression of p62,NEK7,GSDMD,NLRP3,caspase-1 and IL-1β.RE-SULTS:Serum p62 levels and p62 protein and mRNA expression in ankle joints were significantly elevated in the model group.Following p62 gene knockout,the protein expression of NLRP3,ASC,caspase-1,and IL-1β in ankle joints showed a marked increase.Both GSDMD-/-and p62-/--GSDMD-/-groups exhibited attenuated ankle joint swelling,reduced serum levels of caspase-1,IL-1β,and IL-18,along with downregulated expression of p62,NLRP3,ASC,caspase-1,and IL-1β at both mRNA and protein levels in ankle joints.The NEK7 mRNA expression was similarly suppressed in these groups.CONCLUSION:Our findings demonstrate that MSU crystals activate macrophages through the coordinated action of p62,NEK7,and GSDMD,triggering NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis and ultimately promoting joint inflammation in gout mice.The p62-NEK7-GSDMD axis represents a critical regulatory mechanism in the canonical pyrop-tosis signaling pathway.

In the treatment of diabetic gastroparesis(DGP),traditional Chinese medicine has conventionally focused on therapies such as ascending clear and descending turbid,pungent-opening and bitter-descending methods,aiming to regulate the ascending and descending of the spleen and stomach's Qi mechanism and to restore the middle-jiao's transformation as the ultimate goal.By explo-ring the physiological relationship between gallbladder and spleen-stomach and its pathological relationship with DGP,this article sug-gests that the gallbladder also participates in the regulation of blood sugar and digestive activities in the body,which is closely related to the onset of the disease.As the Shao Yang pivot,the gallbladder stores essential fluid,harbors ministerial fire,primarily governs the upward movement and dispersion,and is responsible for decision-making and emotions.The normal flow of Qi,blood,and body flu-ids,as well as the functional activities of the channels and collateral vessels,are closely associated with the gallbladder.When the gallbladder's function becomes abnormal,the body may also exhibit imbalances in the intestinal microbiota,disarray of gastrointestinal hormones,delayed gastric emptying,and elevated blood sugar levels,which aligns with the modern medical understanding of the onset of gastroparesis diabeticorum.Therefore,this article proposes the treatment principle of"venting the wood constraint"and the treatment of DGP according to symptoms,offering a reference for clinical treatment.

Objective:To explore the effect of photobiomodulation (PBM) combined with umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell transplantation on motor function recovery in rats with spinal cord injury.Methods:The mesenchymal stem cells were irradiated with a laser energy density of 1.5, 3, 6 and 12 J/cm 2. The optimal energy density was screened by the MTT method on the 3rd day. Before cell transplantation, 32 male SD rats were randomly divided into the spinal cord injury group, which was injected with normal saline without cells; the stem cell transplantation group, which was injected with stem cells in the injury model; the laser irradiation group, which was injected with cell-free saline and laser irradiation; and the combined treatment group, which was treated with cell transplantation and laser irradiation. BBB score and inclined plate test were performed on the 1st, 3rd, 7th, 14th and 21st day, and hematoxylin-eosin staining and Nissl staining were performed on the 21st day. Results:The laser irradiation with an energy density of 12 J/cm 2 can accelerate cell proliferation ( P<0.05). After the modeling, the BBB score of the combined treatment group was higher than that of the other groups (all P<0.05), and the motor function recovered significantly. In the inclined plate experiment, the performance of the combined treatment group and the laser irradiation group was also better than that of other groups. The results of hematoxylin-eosin staining showed that the cavity area in the combined treatment group was significantly reduced, and the inflammatory reaction was the lightest. The staining of Nissl bodies became deeper, and the spinal cord injury was significantly reduced. Conclusions:PBM can promote the recovery of motor function in rats with spinal cord injury after the transplantation of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells, and has an obvious therapeutic effect on spinal cord injury in rats. This study provides a basis for the treatment of spinal cord injury.

Objective: To observe the midterm outcomes of“2-staged”hybrid coronary revascularization (HCR) for treating the patients with multi-vessel coronary artery disease (CAD) and to evaluate the feasibility, safety and effcacy of“2-staged”HCR.
Methods: A total of 73 relevant patients received elective “2-staged” HCR in our hospital from 2012-01 to 2014-06 were studied. There were 50 (68.5%) male and 23 (31.5%) female at the age of (61.1±10.7) years and all patients had multi coronary artery lesions including left anterior descending (LAD) artery. The key points of“2-staged”HCR were as follows:double-chamber intubation with general anesthesia, small incision between 4-5 ribs of left front thorax, take left internal mammary artery (LIMA) by direct view and make anastomosis of LIMA and LAD with heartbeat. At (3-5) days post-minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass (MIDCAB), coronary angiography (CAG) was conducted to confirm that LIMA-LAD bypass vessel was unobstructed; then percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) was performed in non-LAD coronary artery for stent implantation. Post-operative echocardiography, chest X-ray and ECG were examined in each year;coronary CTA or CAG would be taken if the patients with myocardial ischemia.
Results: All patients finished“2-staged”HCR smoothly and no operative death occurred. The average surgical time was (152.9±43.8) min and (2.6±0.5) coronary branches were treated, total post-operative drainage volume was (558.6±441.3) ml, red blood cell transfusion was (0.8±1.9) U, mechanical ventilation time was (10.5±13.0) h. The interval between MIDCAB and PCI was (5.3±2) days and (1.6±0.7) stents was implanted. During post-operative follow-up period, there 1 (1.4%) patient died, 3 (4.1%) with recurrent myocardial ischemia, 1 (1.4%) with in-stent restenosis and received PCI again, 4 (5.5%) with MACCE.
Conclusion: “2-staged”HCR is a safe and feasible operation with satisfactory peri-operative and mid-term outcomes;it is suitable for the patients with multi-vessel CAD including severe LAD lesions.

Objective:To evaluate the quality of prostate hyperplasia related literature in acupuncture and moxibustion,and to compare the curative effect on prostate hyperplasia between acupuncture and moxibustion and western medicine.Methods:Retrieving Pubmed,Cochrane Library,CBM database,CNKI database Etc.to collect the literature of prostate hyperplasia of clinical randomized or quasi-randomized control trials of comparative study between western medicine and acupuncture treatment.The data was extracted independently by two valuers from literatures fitting the selection criteria.Cochrane evaluation manual 4.2.6 was used to evaluate quality,and RevMan 4.2.8 was used in statistical analysis.Results:A total of six randomized or quasi-randomized controlled trials (total 546 examples) were adopted.6 study adopted the total effective rate of evaluation indexes,Meta-analysis showed that there was a significant difference between acupuncture treatment group and western medicine group [merger RR (fixed effects model)=1.26,95%CI(1.15,1.37),Z=5.13,P