Objective This study aimed to investigate whether photodynamic therapy(PDT)with methylene blue(MB)as a photosensitizer can induce ferroptosis in melanoma cells and its potential mechanisms.Methods The paraffin sections of malignant melanoma patients(5 cases)and malignant melanoma patients with lymph node metastasis(5 cases)were collected.Prussian blue,TUNEL and immunohistochemical staining were performed to compare the degree of ferroptosis between the two groups.CCK-8 assay and scratch assay were used to detect the cytotoxic effect of methylene blue and methylene-blue-mediated photodynamic therapy on B16F10 under different treatment conditions and the effect of cell migration ability.The expression of ferroptosis-related proteins(glutathione peroxidase 4,GPX4、solute carrier family 7 member 11,SLC7A11)in B16F10 cells was detected by Western blot.The expression levels of intracellular malondialdehyde(MDA)and GSH/GSSG were detected by microplate reader.The expression levels of reactive oxygen species(ROS),Fe2+and lipid peroxide(LPO)in B16F10 cells were detected by flow cytometry.Results Compared with melanoma cells transferred to lymph nodes,the non-metastatic group had a higher degree of ferroptosis and a lower expression level of SLC7A11.The cytotoxicity of MB and MB-PDT on B16F10 was dose-dependent(P＜0.000 1).The results of scratch assay showed that MB-PDT inhibited the migration ability of B16F10 cells(P＜0.001).Compared with the control group,after MB-PDT treatment,the expression levels of GPX4,SLC7A11 and GSH/GSSG were decreased(P＜0.05),and the expression levels of ROS,Fe2+,LPO and MDA were increased(P＜0.05)in B16F10 cells.Pretreatment with Ferrostatin-1,an inhibitor of ferroptosis,inhibited MB-PDT-induced cytotoxicity and ferroptosis in B16F10 cells(P＜0.05).Conclusion MB-PDT can induce ferroptosis of melanoma cells by inhibiting SLC7A11 expression,thereby inhibiting the progression of melanoma.

A detection model based on Gramian angular field(GAF)and parallel KConvNeXt network is proposed for accurately detecting the abnormal conditions caused by sample needle blockage in the sampling system during the sampling,thus improving the testing accuracy and detection efficiency of automated biochemical analyzers.GAF-based method is employed to transform the time series of one-dimensional pressure signals into two-dimensional image representations.Subsequently,an improved attention mechanism integrated with a parallel dual-channel KConvNeXt network is used to classify the pressure signals,and achieves a final classification accuracy of 94.58%.The experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively capture the key characteristics of the pressure signals,offering an efficient solution for the anomalous pressure detection in biochemical analyzer sampling system and exhibiting important practical significance.

Objective:To evaluate corrective effect of cone beam computed tomography(CBCT)in children with malocclusion during mixed dentition period.Methods:A total of 90 children with malocclusion during mixed dentition period who admitted to 3201th hospital between January and December 2023 were enrolled,and all of them underwent routine orthodontics.Before and after treatment,CBCT scan was performed to obtain oral and maxillofacial imaging data.According to measurement and analysis for imaging data,the corrective effect,the relation indicators between sagittal and vertical directions of jawbone,which included the constructed angle among the center point of sella turcica-nasion-superior alveolar seat(SNA),the constructed angle among the center point of sella turcica-nasion-inferior alveolar seat(SNB),the constructed angle among superior alveolar seat-nasion-inferior alveolar seat(ANB),the constructed angle between occlusal plane and sella-nasion plane(OP-SN),the angle between mandibular plane and extended line of occlusal plane(SN-MP),were assessed.In addition,the other related mandibular indicators included the angle(Y axis angle)between Y axis and orbitoauricular plane,the angle of nasion A point line-orbitale-pterygomaxillary fissure line(NA-Apo),gonion-pogonion length(Go-Pg),the distance values(Wits)between anterior nasal crest and orbitomeatal plane,and between posterior nasal crest and orbitomeatal plane also were assessed.Third,the soft tissue-related indicators,which included the distance(UL-EP)between upper lip protrusion point,nasal protrusion point and soft tissue line,and the distance(LL-EP)between lower lip protrusion point,nasal protrusion point and soft tissue line,and the nasal labial angle(NLA),the lower intersection angle between the line connecting the nasal columella point and the infranasal point,and the lower intersection angle between the line connecting the nasal columella point and upper lip protrusion point,and the angle(H)between H line and soft tissue surface angle,were assessed.Finally,the dentally relative indicators,which included incisor mandibular plane angle(IMPA angle),upper central incisor-sella nasion plane angle(U1-SN),upper central incisor-nasion appoint angle(U1-NA),lower central incisor-nasion B point angle(L1-NB),overbite and coverage,were also assessed.Results:In the 90 children with malocclusion during mixed dentition period after treatment,25 cases(27.78%)were cured,and 56 cases obtained effective treatment(62.22%)and 9 cases(10.00%)did not obtain effective treatment,and effective rate of correction was 90.00%.There was not significant change in SNB angle between before and after treatment,and the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Compared with the indicators before treatment,OP-SN was decreased,while SN-MP,SNA and ANB were all increased after treatment,and the differences were statistically significant(t=6.402,6.135,3.753,50.965,P<0.05).There were not significant changes in Y-axis angle,Wits value,S-Go/N-Me and L1-NB angle between before and after treatment,and the differences were not statistically significant(P>0.05).Compared with the indicators before treatment,the NA-Apo and Go-Pg were increased after treatment,and the differences were statistically significant(t=46.885,7.575,P<0.05).Compared with the indicators before treatment,the NLA,H angle and UL-EP were increased,while LL-EP was decreased after treatment,and the differences were statistically significant(t=2.707,4.163,28.622,3.276,P<0.05).There was not significant change in L1-NB between before and after treatment,and the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Compared with the indicators before treatment,the coverage,U1-SN and U1-NA were increased,while overbite and IMPA were decreased,and the differences were statistically significant(t=16.154,4.723,6.432,4.802,4.106,P<0.05).Conclusion:CBCT can clearly and accurately display three-dimensional morphology and changes of maxillofacial structure of oral cavity,which can provides comprehensive and reliable basis for the assessment for correction effect.Moreover,orthodontic treatment has positive significance in improving dentition occlusion relationship,guiding normal development of jawbone,and optimizing morphology of facial soft tissues,which can provide important reference for the formulation and optimization of the treatment scheme of clinical orthodontics.

Objective:To evaluate corrective effect of cone beam computed tomography(CBCT)in children with malocclusion during mixed dentition period.Methods:A total of 90 children with malocclusion during mixed dentition period who admitted to 3201th hospital between January and December 2023 were enrolled,and all of them underwent routine orthodontics.Before and after treatment,CBCT scan was performed to obtain oral and maxillofacial imaging data.According to measurement and analysis for imaging data,the corrective effect,the relation indicators between sagittal and vertical directions of jawbone,which included the constructed angle among the center point of sella turcica-nasion-superior alveolar seat(SNA),the constructed angle among the center point of sella turcica-nasion-inferior alveolar seat(SNB),the constructed angle among superior alveolar seat-nasion-inferior alveolar seat(ANB),the constructed angle between occlusal plane and sella-nasion plane(OP-SN),the angle between mandibular plane and extended line of occlusal plane(SN-MP),were assessed.In addition,the other related mandibular indicators included the angle(Y axis angle)between Y axis and orbitoauricular plane,the angle of nasion A point line-orbitale-pterygomaxillary fissure line(NA-Apo),gonion-pogonion length(Go-Pg),the distance values(Wits)between anterior nasal crest and orbitomeatal plane,and between posterior nasal crest and orbitomeatal plane also were assessed.Third,the soft tissue-related indicators,which included the distance(UL-EP)between upper lip protrusion point,nasal protrusion point and soft tissue line,and the distance(LL-EP)between lower lip protrusion point,nasal protrusion point and soft tissue line,and the nasal labial angle(NLA),the lower intersection angle between the line connecting the nasal columella point and the infranasal point,and the lower intersection angle between the line connecting the nasal columella point and upper lip protrusion point,and the angle(H)between H line and soft tissue surface angle,were assessed.Finally,the dentally relative indicators,which included incisor mandibular plane angle(IMPA angle),upper central incisor-sella nasion plane angle(U1-SN),upper central incisor-nasion appoint angle(U1-NA),lower central incisor-nasion B point angle(L1-NB),overbite and coverage,were also assessed.Results:In the 90 children with malocclusion during mixed dentition period after treatment,25 cases(27.78%)were cured,and 56 cases obtained effective treatment(62.22%)and 9 cases(10.00%)did not obtain effective treatment,and effective rate of correction was 90.00%.There was not significant change in SNB angle between before and after treatment,and the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Compared with the indicators before treatment,OP-SN was decreased,while SN-MP,SNA and ANB were all increased after treatment,and the differences were statistically significant(t=6.402,6.135,3.753,50.965,P<0.05).There were not significant changes in Y-axis angle,Wits value,S-Go/N-Me and L1-NB angle between before and after treatment,and the differences were not statistically significant(P>0.05).Compared with the indicators before treatment,the NA-Apo and Go-Pg were increased after treatment,and the differences were statistically significant(t=46.885,7.575,P<0.05).Compared with the indicators before treatment,the NLA,H angle and UL-EP were increased,while LL-EP was decreased after treatment,and the differences were statistically significant(t=2.707,4.163,28.622,3.276,P<0.05).There was not significant change in L1-NB between before and after treatment,and the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Compared with the indicators before treatment,the coverage,U1-SN and U1-NA were increased,while overbite and IMPA were decreased,and the differences were statistically significant(t=16.154,4.723,6.432,4.802,4.106,P<0.05).Conclusion:CBCT can clearly and accurately display three-dimensional morphology and changes of maxillofacial structure of oral cavity,which can provides comprehensive and reliable basis for the assessment for correction effect.Moreover,orthodontic treatment has positive significance in improving dentition occlusion relationship,guiding normal development of jawbone,and optimizing morphology of facial soft tissues,which can provide important reference for the formulation and optimization of the treatment scheme of clinical orthodontics.

A detection model based on Gramian angular field(GAF)and parallel KConvNeXt network is proposed for accurately detecting the abnormal conditions caused by sample needle blockage in the sampling system during the sampling,thus improving the testing accuracy and detection efficiency of automated biochemical analyzers.GAF-based method is employed to transform the time series of one-dimensional pressure signals into two-dimensional image representations.Subsequently,an improved attention mechanism integrated with a parallel dual-channel KConvNeXt network is used to classify the pressure signals,and achieves a final classification accuracy of 94.58%.The experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively capture the key characteristics of the pressure signals,offering an efficient solution for the anomalous pressure detection in biochemical analyzer sampling system and exhibiting important practical significance.

Objective This study aimed to investigate whether photodynamic therapy(PDT)with methylene blue(MB)as a photosensitizer can induce ferroptosis in melanoma cells and its potential mechanisms.Methods The paraffin sections of malignant melanoma patients(5 cases)and malignant melanoma patients with lymph node metastasis(5 cases)were collected.Prussian blue,TUNEL and immunohistochemical staining were performed to compare the degree of ferroptosis between the two groups.CCK-8 assay and scratch assay were used to detect the cytotoxic effect of methylene blue and methylene-blue-mediated photodynamic therapy on B16F10 under different treatment conditions and the effect of cell migration ability.The expression of ferroptosis-related proteins(glutathione peroxidase 4,GPX4、solute carrier family 7 member 11,SLC7A11)in B16F10 cells was detected by Western blot.The expression levels of intracellular malondialdehyde(MDA)and GSH/GSSG were detected by microplate reader.The expression levels of reactive oxygen species(ROS),Fe2+and lipid peroxide(LPO)in B16F10 cells were detected by flow cytometry.Results Compared with melanoma cells transferred to lymph nodes,the non-metastatic group had a higher degree of ferroptosis and a lower expression level of SLC7A11.The cytotoxicity of MB and MB-PDT on B16F10 was dose-dependent(P＜0.000 1).The results of scratch assay showed that MB-PDT inhibited the migration ability of B16F10 cells(P＜0.001).Compared with the control group,after MB-PDT treatment,the expression levels of GPX4,SLC7A11 and GSH/GSSG were decreased(P＜0.05),and the expression levels of ROS,Fe2+,LPO and MDA were increased(P＜0.05)in B16F10 cells.Pretreatment with Ferrostatin-1,an inhibitor of ferroptosis,inhibited MB-PDT-induced cytotoxicity and ferroptosis in B16F10 cells(P＜0.05).Conclusion MB-PDT can induce ferroptosis of melanoma cells by inhibiting SLC7A11 expression,thereby inhibiting the progression of melanoma.

Objective:To evaluate the value of dual-layer spectral detector CT (DLSDCT) in precise radiotherapy for central lung cancer (CLC) complicated with atelectasis.Methods:Clinical and imaging data (including DLSDCT, PET-CT, and radiotherapy simulation CT images) of 26 patients with pathologically confirmed CLC accompanied by atelectasis from the Third Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Cancer Hospital were analyzed retrospectively. There were 21 males and 5 females, aged 36-82 years. Two physicians assessed CLC identifiability on DLSDCT, PET-CT, and simulation localization CT images, respectively, and outlined the gross tumor volume (GTV) and measured GTV values (GTV DLSDCT, GTV PET-CT, GTV CT). Paired-sample Friedman test was used to compare the differences in GTV of the three images, and the SNK test with Bonferroni correction was used for a two-way comparison. The intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to compare the agreement of measured GTV between 2 physicians. Results:The differentiation rates on PET-CT, DLSDCT, and simulation CT images were 100% (26/26), 80.77% (21/26), and 11.54% (3/26), respectively. The differentiation rate of CLC on DLSDCT images was significantly higher than that on simulation CT images (χ 2=16.06, P<0.001). GTV CT, GTV PET-CT, and GTV DLSDCT measured on simulation localization CT images, PET-CT images, and DLSDCT images were 58.75 (22.57, 86.17) cm 3, 47.34 (18.13, 69.25) cm 3, and 51.40 (18.87, 71.31) cm 3, respectively, with statistically significant differences (χ 2=44.99, P<0.001). Both GTV DLSDCT and GTV PET-CT were significantly smaller than GTV CT (χ 2=4.23, 6.59, Bonferroni corrected P<0.001), and there was no significant difference between GTV DLSDCT and GTV PET-CT (χ 2=2.36, Bonferroni corrected P=0.055). The agreement between the two physicians was good for GTV values measured on both DLSDCT and PET-CT (ICC=0.86, 0.89). Conclusions:On DLSDCT images, most CLC and atelectasis can be identified. Compared to simulation localization CT, the tumor target areas outlined on DLSDCT are closer to PET-CT, and the tumor volumes outlined by different physicians are more consistent.

Objective:To evaluate the application value of double-layer spectral detector CT (DLSDCT) in differentiating central lung cancer from atelectasis.Methods:Fifty-one patients with central lung cancer accompanied by atelectasis confirmed by pathology in Shandong Cancer Hospital from January to December 2020 were enrolled. The differentiating rates of tumor from atelectasis of the conventional CT, 40 keV virtual monoenergetic imaging (MonoE), iodine density map (ID), and 40 keV MonoE-ID fusion images of unenhanced scan, arterial and venous phase were retrospectively analyzed. Cochran′s Q test was used to compare the differentiating rate (Bonferroni correction afterwards), and Friedman test was used to compare the maximum diameter of the tumor of each imaging method.Results:Of the 51 patients, none of the conventional CT images, 40 keV MonoE, ID and 40 keV MonoE-ID fusion images in the unenhanced scan could distinguish lung tumors from atelectasis; the number of cases in which the conventional CT images, 40 keV MonoE, ID and 40 keV MonoE-ID fusion images in the arterial phase could distinguish lung tumors from atelectasis regions was 4, 5, 5 and 6, respectively; the number of cases in which the conventional CT, 40 keV MonoE, ID and 40 keV MonoE-ID fusion images in the venous phase could distinguish lung tumors from atelectasis regions was 17, 35, 39 and 38, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (χ 2=52.40, P<0.001). The differentiating rates of the 40 keV MonoE, ID, and 40 keV MonoE-ID fusion image were significantly higher than that of conventional CT image (χ2=-0.35, -0.43, -0.41, P<0.001, Bonferroni correction afterwards); There was no significant difference in the differentiating rate among 40 keV MonoE, ID and MonoE-ID fusion image ( P=1.00). Seventeen tumors could be differentiated in conventional CT images, 40 keV MonoE, ID and 40 keV MonoE-ID fusion images of venous phase, and the maximum diameters of lung tumors were (50±21) mm, (50±23) mm, (50±23) mm, and (50±23) mm, respectively, and the difference was not statistically significant (χ2=3.61, P=0.31). Conclusions:The venous phase spectral images of DLSDCT can differentiate most central lung cancer from atelectasis. Therefore, it has great clinical application value in tumor staging, efficacy evaluation, and radiotherapy.

Objective:To explore the training methods to improve the cosmetic suture technique of junior surgeons.Methods:The training course of cosmetic suture techniques was carried out for junior residents such as plastic surgery professional graduate students and standardized training residents, through the study of the basic knowledge of cosmetic suture and the practical training of minimally invasive principles, to help them master cosmetic suture techniques systematically for the need of future clinical practice. Compared with the level of operation skills before and after cosmetic suture training in different groups (graduate students of plastic surgery and other majors, standardized training residents of plastic surgery and other majors), the residents' performance had been significantly improved. The incisions healing after half a year follow-up in cases they sutured were observed.Results:After cosmetic suture training, the suture skills of the students were significantly improved, and there was a significant correlation with the time of clinical practice. The incidence of incisions inflammation and postoperative scar formation in the cases sutured by the students with practice for 6 months was significantly lower than those for 1 month (6.42% vs 21.67%, 1.13% vs 5.56% respectively).Conclusions:The training of cosmetic suture techniques is very important to improve the professional ability of junior residents in plastic and cosmetic surgery, and it needs a long time practice to master the suture skills.

This study introduces that we have established a clinical case database of scar prevention and treatment with medical histories, diagnosis and treatment ideas, and case expansion according to the scar diseases that professional postgraduates of plastic surgery need to master, and applied it to the practical teaching for plastic surgery postgraduates. Through the comprehensive evaluation from three aspects of mastering basic knowledge, applying knowledge and developing discipline, it's suggested that the professional postgraduates can better grasp the knowledge of scar prevention and treatments after learning from the clinical scar database, and the application of the teaching case database has further improved students' teaching and learning participations and innovative thinking abilities.