Senecavirus A (SVA) is a major viral pathogen causing disease in pigs, and effective monitoring of SVA infection is critical for disease control. In this study, we aimed to develop a reliable ELISA method for rapidly detecting neutralizing antibodies against SVA. We used HEK293F cells to express an SVA-specific porcine Fab antibody and verified the biological activity of the Fab antibody by indirect ELISA, immunofluorescence assay, virus neutralization test, and Western blotting. The Fab antibody was biotinylated and used as a competitive antibody to establish a competitive ELISA (C-ELISA) for detecting neutralizing antibodies against SVA. We then evaluated the C-ELISA in terms of sensitivity, specificity, repeatability, and result agreement rate with the VNT. The results showed that we successfully prepared an SVA-specific porcine Fab antibody, which showed high affinity for SVA. We named this antibody 1M33Fab and designated it as Bio-1M33Fab after biotin labeling. The assay conditions were optimized as follows: the coating concentration of SVA particles being 1 μg/mL, the working concentration of Bio-1M33Fab being 0.5 μg/mL, the optimal serum dilution of 1:10, and the optimal dilution of enzyme-labeled avidin being 1:30 000. At a percent inhibition (PI) of 47%, the assay demonstrated the highest sensitivity (96.88%) and specificity (100%), with no cross-reactivity observed with the positive sera of major porcine viral diseases. The intra-assay coefficient of variation ranged from 1.12% to 7.34%, while the inter-assay coefficient of variation ranged from 1.10% to 8.97%, indicating good repeatability. In the detection of 224 clinical pig serum samples, C-ELISA and VNT showed a result agreement rate of 93.75%. In conclusion, we successfully develop a C-ELISA method for detecting neutralizing antibodies against SVA by using a porcine-derived Fab antibody, which lays a foundation for the development of detection kits.
Animals ; Swine ; Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology* ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/methods* ; Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments/immunology* ; Antibodies, Viral/immunology* ; Picornaviridae/immunology* ; Humans ; HEK293 Cells ; Swine Diseases/diagnosis* ; Picornaviridae Infections/diagnosis*

Objective:To analyze the molecular characteristics of the virus in a local outbreak of dengue fever in Jiangsu province in 2023, and to provide a basis for the prevention and control of the outbreak.Methods:Serum samples were collected from suspected dengue patients in the acute phase of the outbreak for virus detection and serotyping by real-time fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR (RT-qPCR). Positive specimens were amplified with full-length genomic fragments and subjected to second-generation sequencing and related evolutionary analyses.Results:Four confirmed cases of dengue were found in Changzhou city, Jiangsu province, from October 18 to 21, 2023, with epidemiological association between the cases, which was recognized as a dengue outbreak. The serum RT-qPCR result of the four cases were all dengue type 1, and the whole genome sequences of three of the cases were obtained. The evolutionary tree of the E gene and the whole genome showed that the three sequences were located in the 3rd branch of the 1-I genotype, which is similar to the genotype 1-I. The genome-wide sequences of the E gene and the genome-wide evolution tree showed that the three sequences were located in the 3rd branch of the 1-I genotype, which is similar to the genome-wide genotype 1-Ⅰ. The E gene and the genome-wide evolutionary tree showed that all three sequences were located on branch 3 of genotype 1-Ⅰ, with high sequence similarity to the dengue virus epidemic strains in Guangdong and Yunnan provinces in 2023. Amino acid variant site analysis showed that there were 16 branch-specific amino acid site changes in the sequences of the three cases, among which the structural proteins, C protein and prM protein, had one variant site each, E protein had two, and the non-structural proteins had the largest number of NS5 variant sites (9).Conclusions:The local outbreak in Jiangsu was caused by dengue fever type 1 virus, with high nucleotide sequence similarity to strains from other regions of China, and amino acid site alterations.

Although clinical evidence suggests that nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is an established major risk factor for heart failure, it remains unexplored whether sleep disorder-caused hepatic damage contributes to the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Here, our findings revealed that sleep fragmentation (SF) displayed notable hepatic detrimental phenotypes, including steatosis and oxidative damage, along with significant abnormalities in cardiac structure and function. All these pathological changes persisted even after sleep recovery for 2 consecutive weeks or more, displaying memory properties. Mechanistically, persistent higher expression of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 4 (NOX4) in the liver was the key initiator of SF-accelerated damage phenotypes. SF epigenetically controlled the acetylation of histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27ac) enrichment at the Nox4 promoter and markedly increased Nox4 expression in liver even after sleep recovery. Moreover, fine coordination of the circadian clock and hepatic damage was strictly controlled by BMAL1-dependent Sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) transcription after circadian misalignment. Accordingly, genetic manipulation of liver-specific Nox4 or Sirt1, along with pharmacological intervention targeting NOX4 (GLX351322) or SIRT1 (Resveratrol), could effectively erase the epigenetic modification of Nox4 by reducing the H3K27ac level and ameliorate the progression of liver pathology, thereby counteracting SF-evoked sustained CVD. Collectively, our findings may pave the way for strategies to mitigate myocardial injury from persistent hepatic detrimental memory in diabetic patients.

A major obstacle in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is sleep fragmentation (SF), which negatively affects testicular function. However, the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. In this study, we demonstrate that SF induces testicular damage through a mechanism involving lipid metabolism, specifically mediated by melatonin (MEL) receptor 1a (MT1). T2DM mice with SF intervention displayed several deleterious phenotypes such as apoptosis, deregulated lipid metabolism, and impaired testicular function. Unexpectedly, sleep recovery (SR) for 2 consecutive weeks could not completely abrogate SF's detrimental effects on lipid deposition and testicular function. Interestingly, MEL and MT1 agonist 2-iodomelatonin (2IM) effectively improved lipid homeostasis, highlighting MEL/2IM as a promising therapeutic drug for SF-trigged testicular damage. Mechanistically, MEL and 2IM activated FGFR1 and sequentially restrained the crosstalk and physical interaction between TAB1 and TAK1, which ultimately suppressed the phosphorylation of TAK1 to block lipid deposition and cell apoptosis caused by SF. The ameliorating effect of MEL/2IM was overtly nullified in Fgfr1 knockout (Fgfr1-KO ^+/- ) diabetic mice. Meanwhile, testicular-specific overexpression of Tak1 abolished the protective effect of FGF1^mut on diabetic mouse testis. Our findings offer valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the testicular pathogenesis associated with SF and propose a novel therapeutic approach for addressing male infertility in T2DM.

OBJECTIVES: To explore the active components that mediate the therapeutic effect of Centella asiatica on psoriasis and their therapeutic mechanisms. METHODS: TCMSP, TCMIP, PharmMapper, Swiss Target Prediction, GeneCards, OMIM and TTD databases were searched for the compounds in Centella asiatica and their targets and the disease targets of psoriasis. A drug-active component-target network and the protein-protein interaction network were constructed, and DAVID database was used for pathway enrichment analysis. In a RAW264.7 macrophage model of LPS-induced inflammation, the anti-inflammatory effect of 7.5, 15, 30, and 60 μmol/L quercetin, asiaticoside, and asiatic acid, which were identified as the main active components in Centella asiatica, were tested by measuring cellular production of NO, TNF‑α and IL-6 using Griess method and ELISA and by detecting mRNA expressions of IL-23, IL-17A, TNF-α and IL-6 and protein expressions of p-STAT3 (Tyr705) and p-STAT3 (Ser727) with RT-qPCR and Western blotting. RESULTS: A total of 139 targets of Centella asiatica and 4604 targets of psoriasis were obtained, and among them CASP3, EGFR, PTGS2, and ESR1 were identified as the core targets. KEGG analysis suggested that quercetin, asiaticoside, and asiatic acid in Centella asiatica were involved in cancer and IL-17 and MAPK signaling pathways. In the RAW264.7 macrophage model of inflammation, treatment with quercetin significantly reduced cellular production of NO, TNF‑α and IL-6, and lowered mRNA expressions of IL-23, IL-17A, TNF‑α and IL-6 and protein expressions of p-STAT3 (Tyr705) and p-STAT3 (Ser727). CONCLUSIONS Quercetin, asiaticoside and asiatic acid are the main active components in Centella asiatica to mediate the therapeutic effect against psoriasis, and quercetin in particular is capable of suppressing cellular production of NO, TNF‑α and IL-6 and regulating the IL-23/IL-17A inflammatory axis by mediating STAT3 phosphorylation to inhibit inflammatory response.
Quercetin/pharmacology* ; Psoriasis/metabolism* ; STAT3 Transcription Factor/metabolism* ; Mice ; Animals ; Centella/chemistry* ; Triterpenes/pharmacology* ; Phosphorylation ; Interleukin-17/metabolism* ; Interleukin-23/metabolism* ; RAW 264.7 Cells ; Pentacyclic Triterpenes/pharmacology* ; Macrophages/drug effects* ; Signal Transduction ; Plant Extracts

Objective To investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine(Dex)on propofol-induced nerve injury in neo-natal rats.Methods The rats were divided into control group,intra-peritoneally injected propofol to construct nerve injury model group(50 mg/kg),Low,medium and high dose dexmedetomidine intervention model groups(Dex-L,Dex-M and Dex-H with femoral vein injection of 0.25,0.5 and 1 μg/kg Dex,respectively),and Dex-H+anti-BDNF(10 0μg/kg)group,with 12 animals in each group.The neurological deficit score,number of platform jumping errors,and changes in brain index were detected in rats.HE staining microscopy was applied to measure pathology in the hippocampal CA1 region.ELISA was applied to detect level of interleukin-6(IL-6),monocyte chemotactic protein-1(MCP-1)and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)in the hippocampal CA1 region.TUNEL staining microscopy was used to measure neuronal apoptosis in the hippocampal CA1 region.Western blot was ap-plied to measure the cleaved caspase-3,proBDNF,mature brain-derived neurotrophic factor(mBDNF),phospho-rylated tyrosine kinase B(p-TrkB),and phosphorylated phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase(p-PI3K)proteins in the hippocampal CA1 region.Results Compared with model group,the neuronal damage in rats was improved in Dex-L group,Dex-M group,and Dex-H group,the neurological deficit score,number of platform jumping errors,brain index,level of IL-6,MCP-1,TNF-α in hippocampal CA1 region,neuronal apoptosis rate,and level of cleaved caspase-3 and pro BDNF proteins all reduced,mBDNF,p-TrkB,and p-PI3K proteins in the hippocampal CA1 re-gion raised(P＜0.05).Anti-BDNF inhibited the effect of 1 μg/kg Dex pretreatment on propofol induced nerve inju-ry in neonatal rats.Conclusions Dex pretreatment inhibits neuro-inflammation and neuronal apoptosis,thereby re-duces propofol induced nerve injury in neonatal rats.Its mechanism may be related to the activation of the mBDNF/TrkB/PI3K pathway.

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy and mechanism of FuKe Yangrong capsule(FKYRC)in treating anovulatory infertility(AI)using network pharmacology and clinical observation meth-ods.Methods A total of 110 AI patients who visited the hospital from January 2023 to July 2024 were select-ed as the research subjects.They were divided into three groups according to the treatment method:traditional Chinese medicine treatment group(n=30,treated only with FKYRC),western medicine treatment group(n=40,treated only with letrozole),and combination treatment group(n=40,treated only with FKYRC+letrozole).After 4 cycles of treatment,the total effective rate,maximum follicle diameter,pre-ovulation endo-metrial thickness,ovulation rate and pregnancy rate,and embryo survival rate of each group were compared af-ter treatment.Using the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform(TCMSP)and GeneCards database,the core active ingredients,target proteins,and AI related targets of FKYRC were obtained,and common targets were screened.Then,a protein-protein interaction(PPI)network was constructed,and gene ontology(GO)function and Kyoto Gene and Genome Database(KEGG)pathway enrichment analysis were performed using a bioinformatics platform for visualization.Finally,three-dimen-sional visualization analysis was performed.Results The total clinical efficacy of the traditional Chinese medi-cine group,western medicine group,and combination therapy group were 90.00％,92.50％,and 97.50％,re-spectively.The ovulation rates were 60.00％,70.00％,and 87.50％,respectively.The pregnancy rates were 33.33％,37.5％,and 60.00％,respectively.The survival rates of embryos were 60.00％,73.30％,and 95.80％,respectively,and the differences between the groups were statistically significant(P＜0.05).The maximum follicle diameter and pre-ovulation endometrial thickness in the combination therapy group were higher than those in the traditional Chinese medicine group and the western medicine group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Network pharmacology discovered 239 active ingredients and 3 977 target genes in FKYRC.After screening,200 active ingredients and 299 target genes were identified.A total of 478 disease target genes,38 potential interaction targets,and 19 core targets were obtained.Molecular func-tions,cellular components,and biological processes mainly involved steroid protein binding,estrogen response elements,estrogen receptor activity,nuclear chromatin,and other aspects.KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that FKYRC anti AI core targets were mainly enriched in estrogen signaling pathway,P53 signaling pathway,advanced glycation end product receptor(AGE-RAGE)of diabetes complications and other signaling pathways.The key targets of FKYRC against AI were two estrogen receptors(ESR1 and ESR2),steroid re-ceptor(AR),and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ(PPARG).Conclusion The combined treat-ment of FKYRC and letrozole can improve AI patients' clinical symptoms,increase ovulation rate,pregnancy rate,and embryo survival rate.The active ingredients in FKYRC can comprehensively regulate the core targets of AI,and may promote follicular development and maturation in infertile patients with ovulation disorders through signaling pathways such as estrogen,P53,and AGE-RAGE,thereby increasing pregnancy rate.

Objective:To investigate the G/P genotypes of group A rotavirus（RVA）in the 2023 sentinel surveillance in Jiangsu Province，and to conduct a molecular characterization analysis of the whole-genome sequences of four G9P［4］genotype RVA strains identified during surveillance.Methods:A total of 212 RVA-positive specimens collected from the surveillance system in 2023 were subjected to G/P genotyping using multiplex nested RT-PCR. Whole-genome sequencing was performed on six G9P［4］strains. The resulting complete genome sequences were preliminarily genotyped using BLAST，followed by comprehensive molecular characterization analyses utilizing BioEdit 7.0.5，MAFFT，MEGA 7.0，and iTOL software.Results:The overall RVA positivity rate was 6.22%. The predominant G/P combination in both outpatient and inpatient settings was G8P［8］. Among the six G9P［4］strains，four were successfully sequenced. All four exhibited the genotype constellation G9-P［4］-I2-R2-C2-M2-A2-N1-T2-E2-H2. While the NSP2 gene belonged to the N1 genotype，all other genes corresponded to the DS-1-like genogroup. Phylogenetically，the four Jiangsu G9P［4］strains clustered within Lineage V of the VP7 gene and formed a distinct minor subclade within the N1 branch of the NSP2 gene. Unique amino acid substitutions were identified at multiple VP7 neutralization antigenic epitope sites when compared to vaccine strains.Conclusions:The predominant circulating RVA strain in Jiangsu province during 2023 was G8P［8］. Concurrently，the relatively uncommon G9P［4］-N1 strain was detected. This strain exhibited significant amino acid differences at key epitopes compared to vaccine strains. Enhancing the proportion of whole-genome sequencing in RVA surveillance is warranted to obtain more detailed genetic information，thereby providing crucial data to support future vaccine development and optimization strategies.

Objective:To investigate the G/P genotypes of group A rotavirus（RVA）in the 2023 sentinel surveillance in Jiangsu Province，and to conduct a molecular characterization analysis of the whole-genome sequences of four G9P［4］genotype RVA strains identified during surveillance.Methods:A total of 212 RVA-positive specimens collected from the surveillance system in 2023 were subjected to G/P genotyping using multiplex nested RT-PCR. Whole-genome sequencing was performed on six G9P［4］strains. The resulting complete genome sequences were preliminarily genotyped using BLAST，followed by comprehensive molecular characterization analyses utilizing BioEdit 7.0.5，MAFFT，MEGA 7.0，and iTOL software.Results:The overall RVA positivity rate was 6.22%. The predominant G/P combination in both outpatient and inpatient settings was G8P［8］. Among the six G9P［4］strains，four were successfully sequenced. All four exhibited the genotype constellation G9-P［4］-I2-R2-C2-M2-A2-N1-T2-E2-H2. While the NSP2 gene belonged to the N1 genotype，all other genes corresponded to the DS-1-like genogroup. Phylogenetically，the four Jiangsu G9P［4］strains clustered within Lineage V of the VP7 gene and formed a distinct minor subclade within the N1 branch of the NSP2 gene. Unique amino acid substitutions were identified at multiple VP7 neutralization antigenic epitope sites when compared to vaccine strains.Conclusions:The predominant circulating RVA strain in Jiangsu province during 2023 was G8P［8］. Concurrently，the relatively uncommon G9P［4］-N1 strain was detected. This strain exhibited significant amino acid differences at key epitopes compared to vaccine strains. Enhancing the proportion of whole-genome sequencing in RVA surveillance is warranted to obtain more detailed genetic information，thereby providing crucial data to support future vaccine development and optimization strategies.

Objective:To analyze the molecular characteristics of the virus in a local outbreak of dengue fever in Jiangsu province in 2023, and to provide a basis for the prevention and control of the outbreak.Methods:Serum samples were collected from suspected dengue patients in the acute phase of the outbreak for virus detection and serotyping by real-time fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR (RT-qPCR). Positive specimens were amplified with full-length genomic fragments and subjected to second-generation sequencing and related evolutionary analyses.Results:Four confirmed cases of dengue were found in Changzhou city, Jiangsu province, from October 18 to 21, 2023, with epidemiological association between the cases, which was recognized as a dengue outbreak. The serum RT-qPCR result of the four cases were all dengue type 1, and the whole genome sequences of three of the cases were obtained. The evolutionary tree of the E gene and the whole genome showed that the three sequences were located in the 3rd branch of the 1-I genotype, which is similar to the genotype 1-I. The genome-wide sequences of the E gene and the genome-wide evolution tree showed that the three sequences were located in the 3rd branch of the 1-I genotype, which is similar to the genome-wide genotype 1-Ⅰ. The E gene and the genome-wide evolutionary tree showed that all three sequences were located on branch 3 of genotype 1-Ⅰ, with high sequence similarity to the dengue virus epidemic strains in Guangdong and Yunnan provinces in 2023. Amino acid variant site analysis showed that there were 16 branch-specific amino acid site changes in the sequences of the three cases, among which the structural proteins, C protein and prM protein, had one variant site each, E protein had two, and the non-structural proteins had the largest number of NS5 variant sites (9).Conclusions:The local outbreak in Jiangsu was caused by dengue fever type 1 virus, with high nucleotide sequence similarity to strains from other regions of China, and amino acid site alterations.