Objective: To analyze the relationship of gross motor skills and perceptual motor abilities with physical activity levels in preschool children in a Beijing kindergarten, so as to provide a reference for promoting the development of motor competence. Methods: From September 2018 to March 2021, preschoolers aged 4-5 years were selected using convenience sampling method from an urban kindergarten in Beijing. The Test of Gross Motor Development-Third Version(TGMD-3) was used to assess basic preschoolers s gross motor skills ( n =152). The Pictorial Scale of Perceived Movement Skill Competence(PMSC) was used to evaluate perceptual motor skills ( n =151). Accelerometers (Actigraph GT3X) were used to record physical activity levels ( n =52). Data were analyzed using one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Pearson correlation coefficients. Results: The mean scores for gross motor skills and perceptual motor abilities were (38.76±13.48) and (35.49±6.50), respectively. The moderate to vigorous physical activity(MVPA) level was(52.60±27.44) minutes per day. No statistically significant correlations were found between gross motor skills, perceptual motor abilities MVPA among boys, girls or the overall group ( r =-0.20 to 0.25, all P >0.05). However, Boys locomotor skills, overall children s locomotor skills, and boys gross motor skills were all positively correlated with MVPA( r =0.34-0.45, all P <0.05). Conclusion There is a correlation between locomotor skills and physical activity levels in 4 to 5-year-old children.

To analyze global trends and research hotspots in exercise intervention for overweight and obesity from 2010 to 2024, to provide novel perspectives for comprehensive management research on overweight and obesity.

OBJECTIVE To standardize the strategies for prevention and control of Chikungunya(CHIK)in healthcare in-stitutions so as to reduce the risk of transmission in the institutions.METHODS A working group comprising the ex-perts in hospital infection control,infectious diseases,and microbiology systematically reviewed domestic and international evidence and current guidelines,integrated China's vector ecology and healthcare realities,conducted two rounds of Delphi to achieve expert consensus,and graded the evidence and recommendation strength using the Oxford Centre for Evidence Based Medicine system.RESULTS The consensus issues 18 actionable recommendations on triage,patient mosquito-proof isolation,integrated vector control,protection of susceptible populations,environmental cleaning and disinfection,specimen management,medical textile handling,and outbreak emergency response,with each statement assigned an evi-dence level and recommendation strength.CONCLUSION This consensus is for the first time in China to provide evidence-graded strategies for control of CHIK in healthcare institutions,offering work flow-oriented,implementable guidance for clinicians,laboratorians,and infection-control personnel under different risk scenarios and enhancing the comprehensive coping capacity of the healthcare institutions.

Objective To explore the effect of aerobic calisthenics on sleep quality in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder(ADHD).Methods Forty children with ADHD(aged 9～11 years;mean age 9.83±0.76 years)were recruited from the pediatric outpatient department of some class-3 grade-A hospital in Beijing.They were randomized into an intervention group(n=21)and a control group(n=19).Both groups participated in standard school physical education programs,while the intervention group underwent 60-minute aerobic calisthenics exercise sessions three times weekly for 8 weeks.Before and after the intervention,the sleep condition was measured using the children's sleep habits questionnaire(CSHQ)and the three-axis acceleration recorder.The inter-group differenc-es in sleep dimensions were analyzed using independent samples t-tests,while the intra-group ones were evaluated using paired t-tests.Results(1)Inter-group comparison:Before the experiment,no sig-nificant differences were detected between the two groups in sleep characteristics.After the experi-ment,in comparison with the control group,there was a significant decrease in awakening time,aver-age awakening time,and sleep latency time of the intervention group,but a significant increase in sleep efficiency(P<0.05).Moreover,the total score of CSHQ,as well as the sleep resistance and sleep delay scores,were significantly lower in the intervention group(P<0.05).(2)Intra-group com-parison:In the intervention group,after the experiment,there were significant reductions in awakening time and sleep latency time,and a significant enhancement in sleep efficiency(P<0.05).Moreover,the total score of CSHQ,along with the scores of sleep resistance,sleep delay,and daytime sleepi-ness,decreased significantly(P<0.05).In the control group,the daytime sleepiness score decreased af-ter the experiment(P<0.05).Conclusion An 8-week aerobic calisthenics exercise(60 minutes/session,3 sessions/week)significantly improves overall sleep quality in children with ADHD.Therefore,it is worth application in the clinical practice.

Objective:To investigate the sleep characteristics and executive function development in children aged 6-12 years with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD),and to examine the relationship between them.Methods:A total of 112 children diagnosed with ADHD according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,Fourth Edition(DSM-Ⅳ),and 45 age-and gender-matched typically developing children were recruited.Sleep characteristics were assessed with the Chinese version of Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire(CSHQ)and ActiGraph GT9X Link Three-axis acceleration body dynamometert.Core ADHD symptoms and multi-ple dimensions of executive function were evaluated withthe Swanson,Nolan,and Pelham scale,Fourth Edition(SNAP-Ⅳ)assessment scale,Stroop Color-Word Test(SCWT),Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test(ROCFT),and Trail Making Test(TMT).Results:Compared with controls,children with ADHD showed significantly higher total CSHQ scores,sleep resistance,sleep anxiety,and sleep maintenance time(P＜0.05),and had significantly lower sleep efficiencies measured by ActiGraph GT9X Link(P＜0.05).In the SCWT,children with ADHD re-quired more time in the word interference and color interference tests(P＜0.05).In the ROCFT,the scores of im-mediate details,delayed details,immediate structure,and delayed structure were lower in the children with ADHD(P＜0.05).In the TMT,the number of errors in the digit connection and the time and number of errors in the digit-letter connection were higher in the children with ADHD(P＜0.05).The total CSHQ scores of ADHD children were negatively correlated with the working memory scores and positively correlated with the core symptom scores.Conclusion:Children with ADHD exhibit notable sleep disturbance and underdeveloped executive func-tion.the sleep problems,as measured by CSHQ are associated significantly with deficits in executive function.

Objective To explore the effect of aerobic calisthenics on sleep quality in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder(ADHD).Methods Forty children with ADHD(aged 9～11 years;mean age 9.83±0.76 years)were recruited from the pediatric outpatient department of some class-3 grade-A hospital in Beijing.They were randomized into an intervention group(n=21)and a control group(n=19).Both groups participated in standard school physical education programs,while the intervention group underwent 60-minute aerobic calisthenics exercise sessions three times weekly for 8 weeks.Before and after the intervention,the sleep condition was measured using the children's sleep habits questionnaire(CSHQ)and the three-axis acceleration recorder.The inter-group differenc-es in sleep dimensions were analyzed using independent samples t-tests,while the intra-group ones were evaluated using paired t-tests.Results(1)Inter-group comparison:Before the experiment,no sig-nificant differences were detected between the two groups in sleep characteristics.After the experi-ment,in comparison with the control group,there was a significant decrease in awakening time,aver-age awakening time,and sleep latency time of the intervention group,but a significant increase in sleep efficiency(P<0.05).Moreover,the total score of CSHQ,as well as the sleep resistance and sleep delay scores,were significantly lower in the intervention group(P<0.05).(2)Intra-group com-parison:In the intervention group,after the experiment,there were significant reductions in awakening time and sleep latency time,and a significant enhancement in sleep efficiency(P<0.05).Moreover,the total score of CSHQ,along with the scores of sleep resistance,sleep delay,and daytime sleepi-ness,decreased significantly(P<0.05).In the control group,the daytime sleepiness score decreased af-ter the experiment(P<0.05).Conclusion An 8-week aerobic calisthenics exercise(60 minutes/session,3 sessions/week)significantly improves overall sleep quality in children with ADHD.Therefore,it is worth application in the clinical practice.

Objective:To investigate the sleep characteristics and executive function development in children aged 6-12 years with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD),and to examine the relationship between them.Methods:A total of 112 children diagnosed with ADHD according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,Fourth Edition(DSM-Ⅳ),and 45 age-and gender-matched typically developing children were recruited.Sleep characteristics were assessed with the Chinese version of Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire(CSHQ)and ActiGraph GT9X Link Three-axis acceleration body dynamometert.Core ADHD symptoms and multi-ple dimensions of executive function were evaluated withthe Swanson,Nolan,and Pelham scale,Fourth Edition(SNAP-Ⅳ)assessment scale,Stroop Color-Word Test(SCWT),Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test(ROCFT),and Trail Making Test(TMT).Results:Compared with controls,children with ADHD showed significantly higher total CSHQ scores,sleep resistance,sleep anxiety,and sleep maintenance time(P＜0.05),and had significantly lower sleep efficiencies measured by ActiGraph GT9X Link(P＜0.05).In the SCWT,children with ADHD re-quired more time in the word interference and color interference tests(P＜0.05).In the ROCFT,the scores of im-mediate details,delayed details,immediate structure,and delayed structure were lower in the children with ADHD(P＜0.05).In the TMT,the number of errors in the digit connection and the time and number of errors in the digit-letter connection were higher in the children with ADHD(P＜0.05).The total CSHQ scores of ADHD children were negatively correlated with the working memory scores and positively correlated with the core symptom scores.Conclusion:Children with ADHD exhibit notable sleep disturbance and underdeveloped executive func-tion.the sleep problems,as measured by CSHQ are associated significantly with deficits in executive function.

Objective:To explore the association between the gross motor development of children and Chi-nese developmental dyslexia.Methods:A total of 54 children were enrolled,indadit 27 children with Chinese DD and 27 age-gender-matched normal children.The Test of Gross Motor Development-Third Edition(TGMD-3),and the balance tests from the Movement Assessment Battery for Children(M-ABC)were used to evaluate the children's gross motor development level.Children's reading ability was evaluated by primary school students'literacy test question bank,one-minute reading task,and the Reading Test on Pupils.Results:The overall analysis of motortests showed that the grossmotor total score,locomotor score,object control score,and balance score in the DD group were significantly lower than those in the normal control group(P＜0.05).Logistic regression analysis revealed a negative association between balance scores,locomotor scores,object control scores,TGMD-3 total scores and indi-viduals with dyslexia(OR=3.08,1.35,1.16,1.13,Ps＜0.05).Conclusion:The delayed gross motor development of children is associated with the occurrence of Chinese developmental dyslexia.

Objective:To explore the association between the gross motor development of children and Chi-nese developmental dyslexia.Methods:A total of 54 children were enrolled,indadit 27 children with Chinese DD and 27 age-gender-matched normal children.The Test of Gross Motor Development-Third Edition(TGMD-3),and the balance tests from the Movement Assessment Battery for Children(M-ABC)were used to evaluate the children's gross motor development level.Children's reading ability was evaluated by primary school students'literacy test question bank,one-minute reading task,and the Reading Test on Pupils.Results:The overall analysis of motortests showed that the grossmotor total score,locomotor score,object control score,and balance score in the DD group were significantly lower than those in the normal control group(P＜0.05).Logistic regression analysis revealed a negative association between balance scores,locomotor scores,object control scores,TGMD-3 total scores and indi-viduals with dyslexia(OR=3.08,1.35,1.16,1.13,Ps＜0.05).Conclusion:The delayed gross motor development of children is associated with the occurrence of Chinese developmental dyslexia.

OBJECTIVE To standardize the strategies for prevention and control of Chikungunya(CHIK)in healthcare in-stitutions so as to reduce the risk of transmission in the institutions.METHODS A working group comprising the ex-perts in hospital infection control,infectious diseases,and microbiology systematically reviewed domestic and international evidence and current guidelines,integrated China's vector ecology and healthcare realities,conducted two rounds of Delphi to achieve expert consensus,and graded the evidence and recommendation strength using the Oxford Centre for Evidence Based Medicine system.RESULTS The consensus issues 18 actionable recommendations on triage,patient mosquito-proof isolation,integrated vector control,protection of susceptible populations,environmental cleaning and disinfection,specimen management,medical textile handling,and outbreak emergency response,with each statement assigned an evi-dence level and recommendation strength.CONCLUSION This consensus is for the first time in China to provide evidence-graded strategies for control of CHIK in healthcare institutions,offering work flow-oriented,implementable guidance for clinicians,laboratorians,and infection-control personnel under different risk scenarios and enhancing the comprehensive coping capacity of the healthcare institutions.