The scientific research and innovation capabilities of medical students are intrinsically linked to the sustained and high-quality development of national healthcare initiatives.Cultivating outstanding medi-cal students with independent scientific capabilities and innovative consciousness is a critical component in the education and training of high-level medical professionals.Our investigation revealed that within the imperfections of the cultivating model,some faculty and students at medical schools have an insufficient understanding of scientific research and innovation and lack motivation for engaging in such activities,which hinder the progression of scientific research activities.Consequently,we initiated a teaching practice and exploratory study on the"tutorial system"aimed at fostering medical students'scientific research and innovation abilities.Based on the principle of"research informing teaching,teaching and research advan-cing together,"this study implements a"tutorial system"coordinated by tutors,supplemented by graduate and undergraduate student mentors,to cultivate innovative thinking,stimulate interest in scientific re-search,and enhance practical and research skills among medical students.Through collaborative efforts within"scientific research innovation teams,"various educational methods—including preliminary re-search,in-class and extracurricular activities,intra-group and inter-group interactions,and theoretical and practical applications—are employed to improve and strengthen the cultivation of medical students'scientif-ic research and innovation abilities.This study aims to provide valuable references for optimizing medical education management systems and enhancing the quality of medical student training.

The scientific research and innovation capabilities of medical students are intrinsically linked to the sustained and high-quality development of national healthcare initiatives.Cultivating outstanding medi-cal students with independent scientific capabilities and innovative consciousness is a critical component in the education and training of high-level medical professionals.Our investigation revealed that within the imperfections of the cultivating model,some faculty and students at medical schools have an insufficient understanding of scientific research and innovation and lack motivation for engaging in such activities,which hinder the progression of scientific research activities.Consequently,we initiated a teaching practice and exploratory study on the"tutorial system"aimed at fostering medical students'scientific research and innovation abilities.Based on the principle of"research informing teaching,teaching and research advan-cing together,"this study implements a"tutorial system"coordinated by tutors,supplemented by graduate and undergraduate student mentors,to cultivate innovative thinking,stimulate interest in scientific re-search,and enhance practical and research skills among medical students.Through collaborative efforts within"scientific research innovation teams,"various educational methods—including preliminary re-search,in-class and extracurricular activities,intra-group and inter-group interactions,and theoretical and practical applications—are employed to improve and strengthen the cultivation of medical students'scientif-ic research and innovation abilities.This study aims to provide valuable references for optimizing medical education management systems and enhancing the quality of medical student training.

Crohn′s disease (CD) is a chronic, nonspecific inflammatory bowel disease involving the whole digestive tract with unknown etiology.The international inflammatory bowel disease organization recently proposed that the long-term goals of CD treatment are endoscopic remission, mucosal healing, and return to normal quality of life.Therefore, how to monitor disease activity to achieve long-term treatment goals faces severe challenges.As a new method, endoscopic healing index is of great significance for monitoring the activity of CD.In this paper, the concept of endoscopic healing index, the efficacy of monitoring endoscopic motion, the application in disease diagnosis and treatment, the challenges and opportunities are reviewed.

Objective To explore the efficiency of operating room(OR)and its influencing factors from a phenomeno-logical perspective,proposing corresponding improvement strategies.Methods A phenomenological method was adopted,invol-ving in-depth interviews with 13 surgical team members from a tertiary Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)orthopedic hospital in Henan Province,to collect and analyze their multifaceted understanding of OR efficiency.Results The study demonstrated eight interpretative ways of efficiency among team members.The overall framework was largely organization-oriented,with addi-tional human-centered considerations regarding the factors influencing efficiency.Conclusion A unified understanding is crucial for improving both efficiency and quality.This study suggests strategies to optimize OR processes through lean management and human-centered team development to enhance operating room efficiency.Additionally,it highlights the need for future research to incorporate more patient views.

Objective:To investigate the detection and clinical features of human rhinovirus（HRV）infection in children from the Xiamen area.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on children treated at Xiamen Children's Hospital from November 2021 to October 2022.Thirteen types of multiplex respiratory pathogen detection kits were used to screen for 13 common respiratory pathogens. Clinical data of HRV-positive hospitalized children were collected.Results:（1）Among 8 420 children with acute respiratory infections，HRV had the highest detection rate at 20.40%（1 718/8 420），followed by HMPV（10.12%），H3N2（7.46%），HRSV（6.94%），and HPIV（6.59%）.HRV was detected throughout the year，with the highest proportion in May（18.42%）.（2）Out of 1 718 children with HRV infection，863 cases were hospitalized for pneumonia（50.23%，863/1 718）.The median age of hospitalized children was 2.58（1.07，4.20）years old，with 53.77% under 3 years old.（3）The main clinical manifestations of HRV pneumonia were cough（97.68%，843/863），fever（58.05%，501/863），runny nose（57.01%，492/863），nasal congestion（36.96%，319/863），and wheezing（24.33%，210/843）. The HRV pneumonia co-infection group showed statistically significant differences in fever and hospitalization days compared to the single HRV pneumonia infection group（all P<0.05）.（4）Compared to the common pneumonia group，the severe HRV pneumonia group showed statistically significant differences in fever，runny nose，wheezing and hospitalization days the CRP, PCT, LDH levels, and the number of antibiotic applications after hospitalization（all P<0.05）. Conclusion:HRV infection is detected year-round in Xiamen，pneumonia is common，with children under 3 years old being particularly susceptible.It is important to be alert to mixed infections or severe pneumonia.Clinical treatment should avoid unnecessary antibiotic use，actively and provide appropriate treatment.

Objective To explore the diagnosis,treatment and prognostic factors of urachal carcinoma(UrC),aiming to provide reference for the standardized diagnosis and treatment of this disease.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 75 UrC patients confirmed with postoperative pathology treated in our hospital during Mar.2010 and Mar.2023.All patients underwent surgical treatment,and 35 received postoperative chemotherapy.Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to identify independent prognostic factors.Kaplan-Meier curves were adopted to calculate the cumulative survival rates and overall survival(OS).Results Among the 75 patients,the male to female ratio was 2.8∶1 and the mean age was(58.4±2.2)years.Median follow-up was 60 months and median OS was 48 months.The 3-year survival rate was 67.3％and the 5-year survival rate was 38.8％.There were 19 cases(25.3％)of CK7 positive,60 cases(80.0％)of Sheldon stage Ⅲ and above,and 26 cases(34.7％)of postoperative recurrence.CK7 positive(P=0.001),Sheldon staging Ⅲ+Ⅳ(P=0.005)and postoperative recurrence(P=0.003)were independent prognostic factors.Conclusion Urachal carcinoma is a rare malignant tumor in males with occult onset.CK7 positive,Sheldon staging and postoperative recurrence were independent prognostic factors of this disease.

Objective To investigate the risk factors associated with perioperative hemodynamic disorders(HD)following carotid artery stenting(CAS)for carotid sinus stenosis.Methods The clinical data of 71 patients who underwent CAS for carotid sinus stenosis were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into the HD group(20 cases)and the non-HD group(51 cases)based on the occurrence of HD,and inter-group comparisons along with binary logistic regression analysis were performed.All patients underwent carotid computed tomography angiography(CTA)prior to surgery.Results In the HD group,the duration of dopamine usage ranged from 9 to 71 hours,the mean age was(73.90±5.24)years old(P=0.038),and the average length of hospital stay was(9.60±3.63)days(P＜0.001).Univariate logistic regression analysis revealed that plaque calcification(P=0.035),annular calcification(P＜0.001),plaque length(P=0.012),and the degree of stenosis(P=0.014)were associated with perioperative HD after CAS.Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified annular calcification and plaque length as independent predictors of perioperative HD(P＜0.05).Conclusion Age,plaque calcification,annular calcification,plaque length,and the degree of stenosis are closely associated with the occurrence of perioperative HD after CAS in patients with carotid sinus stenosis.Annular calcification and plaque length are independent risk factors for the occurrence of HD.

Objective:To assess the baseline direction,mechanisms,and heterogeneous manifestations of the spillover effects of healthy city pilot policies on healthy aging in rural areas.Methods:Utilizing five-wave panel data from the China Longitudinal Aging Social Survey(CLASS)spanning 2014-2023,a difference-in-differences model was constructed to examine whether significant changes occurred in healthy aging levels within rural areas following policy implementation.Results:The healthy city pilot policy exerted significantly positive spillover effects on healthy aging in rural areas,primarily manifested through improvements in older adults'psychological and social health.These effects operated via enhanced medical service utilization and improved health behaviors in later life.Rural older adults with higher education levels,those co-residing with children,and those residing in economically developed or medically well-resourced areas experienced greater benefits.Conclusions:Healthy city pilot policies can transcend urban boundaries and benefit rural healthy aging through policy spillover effects.Future policies should focus on:deepening the integration and deployment of high-quality medical resources to rural areas;increasing investment in constructing age-friendly supportive health environments in rural settings;and enhancing targeted health intervention strategies for relatively disadvantaged groups—thereby improving the equity and inclusiveness of policy spillovers.

With the increasing demand for dynamic,real-time and rapid qualitative analysis of chemical composition in areas such as emergency response and space exploration,chip-scale mass spectrometers have attracted significant attention.These devices are expected to drive the integration of mass spectrometry with micro/nano-fabrication and intelligent sensing technologies,fostering profound innovation and breakthroughs in analytical chemistry.As an excellent mass analyzer,the ion trap exhibits numerous advantages,and its miniaturization creates favorable conditions for the high-density integration of miniature mass spectrometers.However,the reduction in ion storage capacity may compromise its sensitivity and dynamic range,rendering the study of ion unidirectional ejection in highly miniaturized ion traps of significant practical importance.In this work,a research was conducted on achieving efficient ion unidirectional ejection while maintaining high mass resolution in the extremely miniature hyperbolic linear ion trap(M-HLIT)with a field radius of 1 mm,and an electric field compensation method was proposed,which combined asymmetric electrode stretching and unbalanced RF voltage to achieve high-precision optimization of the electric field composition.Simulations showed that in an ideal structure,this method achieved 100％unidirectional ejection efficiency with the mass resolution of 518,significantly outperforming traditional asymmetric structure method(365)and unbalanced voltage method(321).Following the introduction of ion ejection slots,further optimization through bidirectional stretching and electrical parameters improved the resolution to 790 while maintaining a unidirectional ejection efficiency of 93％.This method eliminated the requirement for additional excitation voltage,offering an ideal solution for the miniature mass analyzer with high detection performance of chip-level mass spectrometers.

Objective To investigate the changes of serum microRNA (miR)-138-5p and microRNA(miR)-574-5p expression levels and their clinical significance in newborns acute respiratory distress syndrome (nARDS). Methods A total of 112 infants with nARDS from September 2018 to August 2023 in the Neonatal Department of Xiaogan Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology were collected as the observation group. They were divided into good prognosis group (n=98) and the poor prognosis group (n=14). A total of 104 healthy full-term newborns born at the same time were selected as the control group. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression levels of miR-138-5p and miR-574-5p in serum. ROC curve was used to analyze the diagnostic value of serum miR-574-5p and miR-138-5p levels for poor prognosis of infants with nARDS. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis of factors affecting the poor prognosis of infants with nARDS. Results Compared with the control group,the expression level of serum miR-574-5p in the observation group increased (1.72±0.23 vs 1.04±0.17),with the expression level of miR-138-5p decreased (0.55±0.08 vs 1.02±0.16),with statistically significant differences (t=24.557,25.597,all P<0.05). Compared with the good prognosis group,the serum miR-138-5p expression level in the poor prognosis group decreased (0.41±0.06 vs 0.57±0.08),with the miR-574-5p expression level increased (2.07±0.25 vs 1.67±0.19),with statistically significant differences (t=7.188,7.069,all P<0.05). The age,intrauterine distress,and proportion of abnormal amniotic fluid in the poor prognosis group were higher than those in the good prognosis group (t=5.359,4.257,6.577,all P<0.05). MiR-574-5p was an independent risk factor for poor prognosis with nARDS,and miR-138-5p was a protective factor (all P<0.05).The AUC (95％ CI) of serum miR-138-5p and miR-574-5p alone and combined diagnosis of nADRS were 0.793 (0.706～0.864),0.898 (0.826～0.947) and 0.931 (0.867～0.970),respectively. The combined prediction of miR-138-5p and miR-574-5p were better than that of miR-138-5p alone and miR-574-5p alone (Z=2.151,1.982,all P<0.05). Conclusion The expression levels of miR-138-5p in serum of infant with nARDS were lower and the expression levels of miR-574-5p were higher,both of which have certain diagnostic value for poor prognosis of infant with nARDS .