ObjectiveTo explore the clinical efficacy of oral administration of modified Tuoli Xiaodusan on postoperative patients with perianal abscess， and its effects on related inflammatory factors and signal transducers and activators of transcription protein 3 （STAT3）/vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） signaling pathways. MethodsFrom January 2023 to December 2023 in Inner Mongolia hospital of traditional Chinese medicine， 60 postoperative patients with perianal abscess who met the inclusion criteria were selected. They were divided into a treatment group and a control group using the random number table method， with 30 cases in each group. The control group received conventional treatment， while the treatment group received additional treatment with modified Tuoli Xiaodusan on the basis of the control group. The course of treatment in both groups was three weeks. On the day of operation and on the 7^th， 14^th and 21^st day after operation， enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was used to measure the expression levels of serum interleukin-1β （IL-1β）， interleukin-6 （IL-6）， and tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）. Hematoxylin eosin （HE） staining was used to observe the pathological morphology of pathological tissue. Western blot was used to measure the levels of phosphorylated STAT3 （p-STAT3） and vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） proteins， and real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） was used to determine the expression level of VEGF mRNA. The clinical efficacy of the two groups was compared according to the wound pain， secretion volume score， and healing rate of patients on the 3^rd， 7^th， 14^th， and 21^st day after operation. ResultsThe total effective rate of the treatment group was higher than that of the control group （P<0.05）. For intra-group comparison， the pain score of the control group decreased at each time period （P<0.05）， and the healing rate increased （P<0.05）. The secretion volume score decreased on the 14^th and 21^st days after operation （P<0.05）. The pain score and secretion volume score of the treatment group decreased at each time period （P<0.05）， and the healing rate increased （P<0.05）. The levels of various inflammatory factors decreased in both groups （P<0.05）. Compared with those on the surgical day， the levels of p-STAT3 and VEGF proteins in the wound tissue of the two groups were different on the 7^th and 21^st days after operation （P<0.05）. There were significant differences in VEGF mRNA levels in wound tissue between the two groups at each time period （P<0.01）. For inter-group comparison， on the 7^th and 14^th days after operation， the pain score in the treatment group was lower than that in the control group. On the 7^th， 14^th and 21^st days after operation， the secretion volume scores and healing rate of the treatment group were better than those of the control group （P<0.05）. The levels of various inflammatory factors in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group （P<0.05）， and the decline rate was faster （P<0.05）. On the 7^th day after operation， the levels of p-STAT3， VEGF protein， and VEGF mRNA in the wound tissue of the treatment group were higher than those in the control group （P<0.05）. HE staining showed that the inflammatory cell infiltration in the treatment group decreased faster. The cell arrangement was more orderly， and new blood vessel lumens were visible. There were no abnormalities in the safety observation indexes of all patients during the study period. ConclusionModified Tuoli Xiaodusan can relieve wound pain after perianal abscess surgery， reduce secretions， and improve wound healing rate. The mechanism may be reducing the levels of serum IL-1β， IL-6， and TNF-α， reducing the inflammatory response of the wound， upregulating the expression of p-STAT3 and VEGF proteins， and stimulating the STAT3/VEGF signaling pathway， thereby accelerating angiogenesis and promoting wound healing.

Objective: To explore the relationship between snack consumption and depressive symptoms in first year junior high school students with different left behind experiences in Yunnan Province, so as to provide a basis for improving depressive symptoms among first year junior high school students with different left behind experiences. Methods: From October to December 2022,a cluster random sampling method was used to select 8 500 first year junior high school students from 11 ethnic minority areas (Fugong County, Longling County, Longyang District, Luchun County, Mojiang County, Nanjian County, Qiaojia County, Shuangjiang County, Tengchong City, Yuanmou County, Zhenyuan County) in Yunnan Province for a questionnaire survey. The Chinese version of Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 was applied to assess depressive symptoms in first year junior high school students, and snack consumption was collected by employing food frequency questionnaire. The generalized linear model was used to analyze the association between first year junior high school students snack consumption and depressive symptoms, and the analysis was stratified according to left behind experience. Results: The detection rates of depressive symptoms among firstyear junior high school students with and without left behind experience were 36.25% and 26.91%, respectively. After controlling for confounding variables, the generalized linear model analysis showed that sweet snacks ( β=0.16, 95%CI =0.07-0.25), fast food ( β=0.14, 95%CI =0.04-0.23) and carbonated drinks ( β=0.09, 95%CI =0.01-0.17) of first year junior high school students with left behind experience (all P <0.05). Compared with those without such behavior, the risk of depressive symptoms was higher in consumption of fast food ( β=0.13, 95%CI =0.07-0.18) and carbonated drinks ( β=0.10, 95%CI =0.06-0.15)among first year junior high school students without left behind experience (both P <0.05). Conclusion Snack consumption among first year junior high school students in Yunnan may increase the risk of developing depressive symptoms, while first year junior high school students with left behind experience may have a greater risk of developing depressive symptoms.

Objective To address the safety challenges arising from the rapid development of nuclear energy and technology, assess the current status of health emergency response capabilities in nuclear radiation emergencies, and promote capacity enhancement. Methods A preliminary evaluation system for health emergency response capability in nuclear radiation emergencies was developed based on a literature review. Two rounds of Delphi expert consultation (n = 20) were conducted, and the analytic hierarchy process was employed to establish judgment matrices for assigning indicator weights. Results The finalized system included six primary indicators (radiation protection capability, triage capability, decontamination and evacuation capability, medical treatment capability, radiation detection capability, and radiation dose estimation capability), along with 29 secondary indicators, such as capability for setting up emergency zones, capability for protecting personnel from internal and external contamination, on-site first aid capability, and personal dose monitoring capability. The expert response rate was 0.95, and the expert authority coefficient reached 0.80. The Kendall’s coefficient of concordance was W = 0.288 (P<0.01) for the first round of expert consultation and W = 0.308 (P<0.01) for the second round. Both rounds demonstrated high agreement among experts, and the consultation questionnaires passed reliability and validity tests. Conclusion By integrating qualitative analysis and quantitative calculation, this study developed a scientifically sound and operationally feasible evaluation system. This system will help identify gaps in health emergency response capabilities and provide scientific guidance and a decision-making basis for optimizing emergency plans and improving the level of health emergency response in nuclear radiation emergencies.

AIM:To investigate the effect of ranibizumab on blood flow density in different regions of the macula in patients with macular edema(ME)secondary to ischemic and non-ischemic branch retinal vein occlusion(BRVO).METHODS:This retrospective study enrolled patients with BRVO-ME who were treated at the hospital from September 2019 to March 2021. Patients were divided into ischemic and non-ischemic groups based on fundus findings. All patients received intravitreal injections of ranibizumab once monthly for three consecutive months. Best corrected visual acuity(BCVA), central macular thickness(CMT), and macular blood flow density were measured before treatment and at 1 d, 1 wk, 1 and 3 mo after treatment.RESULTS: A total of 46 patients(46 eyes)with BRVO-ME were included, comprising 21 eyes in the ischemic group(7 males, 14 females; mean age 55.81±10.36 y)and 25 eyes in the non-ischemic group(11 males, 14 females; mean age 54.84±9.81 y). At 3 mo after treatment, BCVA(LogMAR)in the non-ischemic group was superior to that in the ischemic group(0.19±0.19 vs 0.38±0.27, P=0.009). Analysis of CMT changes showed that the reduction amplitude in the ischemic group was significantly greater than that in the non-ischemic group at both 1 and 3 mo after treatment(all P<0.05). Blood flow densities in the whole, parafoveal, and perifoveal regions of the superficial capillary plexus(SCP), as well as in the whole and perifoveal regions of the deep capillary plexus(DCP), were significantly lower in ischemic patients than in non-ischemic patients, while blood flow density in the foveal region of DCP was significantly higher in the ischemic group(all P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Ranibizumab is effective for both types of patients. Non-ischemic patients have a better long-term visual prognosis, and the advantage may be related to better blood flow perfusion patterns in specific areas 3 mo after treatment. Monitoring changes in blood flow density in these areas can help provide personalized treatment for patients.

In recent years， hyperuricemia （HUA） has shown a rapidly increasing incidence and tends to occur in increasingly young people， with a wide range of cardiac， renal， joint， and cancerous hazards and all-cause mortality associations. Western medicine treatment has limitations such as large liver and kidney damage， medication restriction， and easy recurrence. The intestine is the major extra-renal excretion pathway for uric acid （UA）， and the intestinal microecology can be regulated to promote UA degradation. It offers great potential to develop UA-lowering strategies that target the intestinal microecology， which are promising to provide safer and more effective therapeutic approaches. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） can treat HUA via multiple targets and multiple pathways from a holistic view， with low toxicity and side effects. Studies have shown that intestinal microecology is a crucial target for TCM in the treatment of HUA. However， its specific mechanism of action has not been fully elucidated. Focusing on the key role of intestinal microecology in HUA， this review explores the relationship between intestinal microecology and HUA in terms of intestinal flora， intestinal metabolites， intestinal UA transporters， and intestinal barriers. Furthermore， we summarize the research progress in TCM treatment of HUA by targeting the intestinal microecology， with the aim of providing references for the development of TCM intervention strategies for HUA and the direction of future research.

Imaging modalities play an important role in predicting the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer,and different imaging modalities have their own advantages and value.In this review,the performance of mammography,magnetic resonance imaging(MRI),ultrasound,and positron emission tomography in predicting the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer was compared.Among them,MRI,especially dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI,and the combination of imaging omics and artificial intelligence,has shown high sensitivity and specificity,and has gradually become the preferred examination method.With the continuous progress of technology and research,these imaging modalities are expected to play more important roles in the precise and individualized treatment of breast cancer.

With the increasing demand for dynamic,real-time and rapid qualitative analysis of chemical composition in areas such as emergency response and space exploration,chip-scale mass spectrometers have attracted significant attention.These devices are expected to drive the integration of mass spectrometry with micro/nano-fabrication and intelligent sensing technologies,fostering profound innovation and breakthroughs in analytical chemistry.As an excellent mass analyzer,the ion trap exhibits numerous advantages,and its miniaturization creates favorable conditions for the high-density integration of miniature mass spectrometers.However,the reduction in ion storage capacity may compromise its sensitivity and dynamic range,rendering the study of ion unidirectional ejection in highly miniaturized ion traps of significant practical importance.In this work,a research was conducted on achieving efficient ion unidirectional ejection while maintaining high mass resolution in the extremely miniature hyperbolic linear ion trap(M-HLIT)with a field radius of 1 mm,and an electric field compensation method was proposed,which combined asymmetric electrode stretching and unbalanced RF voltage to achieve high-precision optimization of the electric field composition.Simulations showed that in an ideal structure,this method achieved 100％unidirectional ejection efficiency with the mass resolution of 518,significantly outperforming traditional asymmetric structure method(365)and unbalanced voltage method(321).Following the introduction of ion ejection slots,further optimization through bidirectional stretching and electrical parameters improved the resolution to 790 while maintaining a unidirectional ejection efficiency of 93％.This method eliminated the requirement for additional excitation voltage,offering an ideal solution for the miniature mass analyzer with high detection performance of chip-level mass spectrometers.

An effective method for simultaneously detecting four semivolatile earthy-musty odors in freshwater fish by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)was developed.The concurrent extraction of geosmin(GSM),2-methylisoborneol(MIB),2-isopropyl-3-methoxypyrazine(IPMP),and 2-isobutyl-3-methoxypyrazine(IBMP)in fish tissue was conducted with n-hexane.The optimized QuEChERS material was implemented,and it was found that C18,primary secondary amine(PSA)and MgSO4 could adsorb the target analytes in n-hexane.So only the graphitized carbon black(GCB)could be used to purify the extraction.The adsorption rates of different materials for the four kinds of odors materials were explored in n-hexane and ethyl acetate.The experimental results revealed that the adsorption rates of silica for the four targets were 99.5%-100%in n-hexane and 0.7%-5.0%in ethyl acetate respectively.Then the silica solid phase extraction(SPE)method was utilized to eluent the compounds using 1.0 mL n-hexane/ethyl acetate in different proportions.The results of the comparative analysis demonstrated that n-hexane/ethyl acetate(4∶1,V/V)was the optimized eluent.Based on the obtained results,n-hexane extraction and GCB purification combined with silica SPE were used to isolate GSM,MIB,IPMP and IBMP from fish and the method was validated.It was found that the method showed good linearity in the range of 0.5-200 ng/mL,and with detection limits of 0.6 μg/kg for GSM and MIB,0.2 μg/kg for IPMP and IBMP.The limits of quantitation(LOQ)were 1.0 μg/kg for GSM and MIB,0.6 μg/kg for IPMP and IBMP.Good recoveries(77.5%-112.0%)and relative standard deviations(1.56%-9.42%)were also obtained.The use of silica SPE greatly mitigated the issue that the off-flavor compounds were easily lost in the gas blowing concentration process.There was no cross contamination in this method because the sample pretreatments were conducted separately,which was different with the most commonly used HS-SPME method for detecting semi-volatile substances.The sensitivity of this method was high enough to produce good quantitative results below the odor thresholds of the examined off-flavor compounds.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the technical key points and effectiveness of ultrasonic bone scalpel-assisted anterior controllable antedisplacement and fusion (ACAF) for treating cervical ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL). METHODS: Between June 2022 and December 2024, 11 OPLL patients underwent ultrasonic bone scalpel-assisted ACAF. The cohort included 8 males and 3 females, aged 49-74 years (mean, 56.7 years). The OPLL classification included 5 cases of mixed-type, 4 cases of segmental-type, and 2 cases of continuous-type cases. Ossification involved 2-5 spinal segments (mean, 3.2). Disease duration ranged from 2 to 18 months (mean, 6.2 months). The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, and complications were recorded. Pain improvement was assessed using the visual analogue scale (VAS) score, and neurological function was evaluated using Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score. Postoperative cervical CT and MRI were performed to measure spinal canal encroachment rate, spinal canal area, and spinal cord sagittal diameter. RESULTS: All operations were successfully completed. The operation time ranged from 174 to 360 minutes (mean, 255.9 minutes). The intraoperative blood loss ranged from 170 to 530 mL (mean, 345.9 mL). The C ₅ nerve root palsy occurred in 1 patient. No cerebrospinal fluid leakage, aggravated spinal cord injury, or recurrent/superior laryngeal nerve injuries occurred. All patients were followed 3-12 months (mean, 7.2 months). At last follow-up, VAS scores significantly decreased and JOA scores significantly increased compared to preoperative values ( P<0.05). According to the JOA improvement rate, the effectiveness was rated as excellent in 2 cases, good in 8, and fair in 1, with an excellent and good rate of 90.9%. Radiological re-examination revealed no implant loosening, screw breakage, or aggravated spinal stenosis. Postoperative spinal canal encroachment rate significantly decreased, while spinal canal area and spinal cord sagittal diameter significantly increased compared to preoperative measurements ( P<0.05). CONCLUSION For the treatment of cervical OPLL via ACAF, the intraoperative application of ultrasonic bone scalpel-assisted osteotomy enables precise vertebral groove creation and mobilization of the vertebra-ossification complex, thereby enhancing surgical safety and achieving satisfactory short-term effectiveness.
Humans ; Middle Aged ; Male ; Female ; Ossification of Posterior Longitudinal Ligament/diagnostic imaging* ; Aged ; Cervical Vertebrae/diagnostic imaging* ; Spinal Fusion/instrumentation* ; Treatment Outcome ; Ultrasonic Surgical Procedures/instrumentation* ; Operative Time

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of bone density, plate bending degree and proximal screw type on the stress fracture of clavicle hook. METHODS: Three sows weighing between 45 and 50 kg were selected, from which a total of 40 rivs were collected. The 15 ribs of sows were divided into 3 groups according to bone density and bone hardness with 5 rivs in each group. And then the 3 groups were fixed with 6-hole collarbone hook plates and 3 locking screws. Measure the maximum torsion force when the ribs were fractured by force. The same size 15 rids were divided into 3 groups, named forward bending group, 0° group(the angle between the plate surface and the rib surface) and reverse bending group. All fixed with 6-hole collarbone hook plates and locking screws to measure the maximum torsion force of rib stress fracture. Then the same size 10 rids were divided into 2 groups, the normal screw group and the locking screw group with 5 ribs in each group. Both groups were fixed with 6-hole collarbone hook plates and screws. The normal screw group was a normal screw, fixed in proximal end, and two locking screws. The locking screw group was fixed by locking screws. Measure the maximum torsion force of the two groups when the ribs fracture by force. RESULTS: In the bone density experiment, the torque force of hard bone group (104.51±6.27) N was greater than the normal bone group (75.04±3.81) N(t=8.979, P<0.05). The force of normal bone group was greater than the osteoporosis group (49.99±2.12) N(t=12.832, P<0.05). In the bending collarbone hook experiment, the order of the torque force generated by each group as follow:the forward bending group (343.59±6.18) N greater than the 0° group (106.01±5.29) N(t=65.279, P<0.05) greater than the reverse bending group (95.82±4.12) N(t=3.398, P<0.05). The force of the normal screw group (98.68±0.70) N was greater than the locking screw group (50.20±0.95) N(t=91.484, P<0.05). The data comparisons of each group were statistically significant. CONCLUSION Bone density, plate bending degree and proximal screw type had an impact on stress fracture of clavicle hook plate. Higher bone density, forward bending of the steel plate, and ordinary screws in proximal end can reduce the rates of stress fractures of clavicle hooks.
Animals ; Bone Plates ; Clavicle/surgery* ; Swine ; Fractures, Stress/etiology* ; Female ; Risk Factors ; Fracture Fixation, Internal/instrumentation* ; Bone Screws ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Bone Density