The plants of the genus Caragana Fabr. are desert plants of the Leguminosae family, which are widely used in traditional ethnomedicine, with the effects of nourishing Yin and nourishing blood, dispelling wind and removing dampness, clearing heat and detoxifying toxins. The anti-inflammatory effect of Caragana Fabr. has attracted much attention, the research on the related mechanism has made some progress, but it lacks systematic collation. By summarising the anti-inflammatory effects of the active ingredients of Caragana Fabr., the authors found that they have good anti-inflammatory activities on different inflammatory cell models in vitro, and have good improvement effects on rheumatoid arthritis, colitis, complex nephritis, and acute lung injury and other disease models. The anti-inflammatory effects of the active components of this genus mainly include the reduction of the levels of a variety of pro-inflammatory factors, and the signalling pathways involved mainly include TLR4/NF-κB, TLR4/MAPK, TLR4/NF-κB/IRF3, JAK/STAT-1, ERK/STAT-1 and so on. Therefore, the paper mainly reviews the research progress on the anti-inflammatory effects and mechanisms of the Caragana Fabr. plants and their active components according to disease types, with a view to providing reference for the in-depth study of their anti-inflammatory activities and the development of new products with related functions.

Aim To explore the improvement effect of Bazi Bushen capsule on thymic degeneration in SAMP6 mice and the possible mechanism.Methods Twenty 12 week old male SAMP6 mice were randomly divided into the model group(SAMP6)and the Bazi Busheng capsule treatment group(SAMP6+BZBS).Ten SAMR1 mice were assigned to a homologous control group(SAMR1).The SAMP6+BZBS group was oral-ly administered Bazi Bushen capsule suspension(2.8 g·kg-1)daily,while the other two groups were orally administered an equal amount of distilled water.After nine weeks of administration,the morphology of the thymus in each group was observed and the thymus in-dex was calculated;HE staining was used to observe the structural changes of thymus tissue;SA-β-gal stai-ning was used to detect thymic aging;flow cytometry was used to detect the proportion of thymic CD3+T cells in each group;Western blot was used to detect the levels of p16,Bax,Bcl-2,and cleaved caspase-3 proteins in thymus;immunofluorescence was applied to detect the proportion of cortical thymic epithelial cells in each group;ELISA was employed to detect IL-7 lev-els in thymus.Results Compared with the SAMP6 group,the thymic index of the SAMP6+BZBS group significantly increased(P＜0.05);the disordered thy-mic structure was significantly improved;the positive proportion of SA-β-gal staining significantly decreased(P＜0.01);the proportion of CD3+T cells apparently increased(P＜0.05);the level of p16 protein signifi-cantly decreased(P＜0.05);the level of Bcl-2 pro-tein significantly increased(P＜0.05),while the lev-el of cleaved caspase-3 protein markedly decreased(P＜0.05);the proportion of cortical thymic epithelial cells evidently increased;the level of IL-7 significantly increased(P＜0.01).Conclusions Bazi Bushen capsule can delay thymic degeneration,inhibit cell ap-optosis in thymus and promote thymic cell development in SAMP6 mice,which may be related to increasing the proportion of cortical thymic epithelial cells and promoting IL-7 secretion.

Gap junction(GJ),also known as gap junction,is widely found between neurons and glial cells,and can connect neighboring cells and mediate the transmission of electrical sig-nals between neighboring cells.The GJ channel,which exists between neurons and mediates intercellular electrical signaling,is also known as an electrical synapse.Connexins(Cxs)are the molecular basis of GJ,and are expressed to different degrees in different neurons and glial cells.The presence of GJ mediates different functions among neurons and glial cells,which further influences the establishment of various mature neural circuits,re-flecting the importance of GJ in the maintenance of neural cir-cuits.This review summarizes the relationship between GJ and neural circuits in relation to the effects of GJ and different Cxs on neurons and glial cells,providing new research ideas for the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders.

Aim To study the effect of emetine on in-sulin secretion through glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor(GLP-1R).Methods Isolating rat islets were used to carry out insulin secretion experiment.Islets were incubated with different concentrations of emetine(2,10,50 μmol·L-1),different concentrations of glu-cose solution(2.8,11.1,16.7 mmol·L-1)or spe-cific GLP-1R antagonist Exendin(9-39).The amount of insulin secretion in the supernatant of each group was determined by an enzyme-linked radioimmunoas-say.Small molecule compounds were docked to GLP-1R(PDB code:5NX2)using SYBYL-X2.0 software.Results Emetine could promote insulin secretion in high glucose(11.1 mmol·L-1)in a dose-dependent manner.In low glucose(2.8 mmol·L-1),insulin secretion did not change after intervention of emetine.But in high glucose(11.1,16.7 mmol·L-1),insu-lin secretion significantly increased under the treatment of emetine in a glucose-dependent manner.The doc-king score of emetine and GLP-1R was Total Score=6.82,C Score=5,indicating that emetine had a good binding affinity with GLP-1R.Using Exendin(9-39)to block GLP-1R,the insulinotropic effect of emetine was reduced.Conclusion Emetine could promote in-sulin secretion,which is related to the activation of GLP-1R.

Hydrogen sulfide,as a third gas signal molecule and neurotransmitter,can play a neuroprotective role by anti-oxidative stress,anti-inflammatory response,metabolic inhibition and other mechanisms.It is of great significance for the occurrence and development of neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease(AD)and Parkinson's disease(PD)mediated by neuroinflammation.This article reviews the research progress of hydrogen sulfide and neuroinflammation and its mediated neurodegenerative diseases,so as to provide new ideas for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.

Objective To explore the efficiency of artificial intelligence and radiomics-assisted X-ray in diagnosis of lumbar osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures(OVCF).Methods The clinical data of 455 patients diagnosed as lumbar OVCF by MRI in our hospital were selected.The patients were divided into the training group(n=364)and the validation group(n=91),X-ray films were extracted,the image delineation,feature extraction and data analysis were carried out,and the artificial intelligence radiomics deep learning was applied to establish a diagnostic model for OVCF.After verifying the effectiveness of the model by receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve,area under the curve(AUC),calibration curve,and decision curve analysis(DCA),the efficiencies of manual reading,model reading,and model-assisted manual reading of X-ray in the early diagnosis of OVCF were compared.Results The ROC curve,AUC and calibration curve proved that the model had good discrimination and calibration,and excellent diagnostic performance.DCA demonstrated that the model had a higher clinical net benefit.The diagnostic efficiency of the manual reading group:the accuracy rate was 0.89,the recall rate was 0.62.The diagnostic efficiency of the model reading group:the accuracy rate was 0.93,the recall rate was 0.86,the model diagnosis showed good predictive performance,which was significantly better than the manual reading group.The diagnostic efficiency of the model-assisted manual reading group:the accuracy rate was 0.92,the recall rate was 0.72,and the recall rate of the model-assisted manual reading group was higher than that of the manual reading group,but lower than that of the model reading group,indicating the superiority of the model diagnosis.Conclusion The diagnostic model established based on artificial intelligence and radiomics in this study has reached an ideal level of efficacy,with better diagnostic efficacy compared with manual reading,and can be used to assist X-ray in the early diagnosis of OVCF.

Objective To develop a clinical prediction model for predicting risk factors for prolonged hospital stay after anterior cervical discectomy and fusion(ACDF).Methods The clinical data of 914 patients underwent ACDF treatment for cervical spondylotic myelopathy(CSM)were retrospectively analyzed.According to the screening criteria,800 eligible patients were eventually included,and the patients were divided into the development cohort(n=560)and the validation cohort(n=240).LASSO regression was used to screen variables,and multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to establish a prediction model.The prediction model was evaluated from three aspects:differentiation,calibration and clinical effectiveness.The performance of the model was evaluated by area under the curve(AUC)and Hosmer-Lemeshow test.Decision curve analysis(DCA)was used to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of the model.Results In this study,the five factors that were significantly associated with prolonged hospital stay were male,abnormal BMI,mild-to-moderate anemia,stage of surgery(morning,afternoon,evening),and alcohol consumption history.The AUC of the development cohort was 0.778(95%CI:0.740 to 0.816),with a cutoff value of 0.337,and that of the validation cohort was 0.748(95%CI:0.687 to 0.809),with a cutoff value of 0.169,indicating that the prediction model had good differentiation.At the same time,the Hosmer-Lemeshow test showed that the model had a good calibration degree,and the DCA proved that it was effective in clinical application.Conclusion The prediction model established in this study has excellent comprehensive performance,which can better predict the risk of prolonged hospital stay,and can guide clinical intervention as soon as possible,so as to minimize the postoperative hospital stay and reduce the cost of hospitalization.

Objective To explore the risk factors for surgical site infection(SSI)after transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion(TLIF)for the treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases.Methods A total of 1 000 patients who underwent TLIF for lumbar degenerative diseases in our hospital were included and divided into the infection group(n=23)and the non-infection group(n=977)according to whether the surgical incision was infected.General data,surgical and laboratory indicators of patients were collected,and potential risk factors of SSI were screened by univariate analysis and multivariate regression analysis,a nomogram model was established,and its predictive efficiency was validated by the receive operating characteristic(ROC)curve.Results The incidence of SSI in patients after TLIF was 2.3％.The results of univariate analysis showed that age,operative time,intraoperative blood loss,preoperative C-reactive protein(CRP),smoking,and diabetes mellitus were the significant risk factors for the occurrence of SSI.Multivariate regression analysis showed that older age,longer operation time,more intraoperative blood loss,smoking and diabetes mellitus were the independent risk factors for postoperative SSI.ROC curve showed that the nomogram model established in this study has good predictive efficiency.Conclusion Older age,longer operation time,more intraoperative blood loss,smoking,and diabetes mellitus were independent risk factors for postoperative SSI.For patients with these high risk factors,corresponding intervention measures should be taken before operation to reduce the incidence of SSI.

This is the first reported case of a female with monkeypox infection in Kunming City,Yunnan Province.An epi-demiological investigation was conducted to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of monkeypox epidemics in China,especially for early detection in females in accordance with the"Monkeypox prevention and control program(2023 ver-sion)".Diagnosis was performed as described in the"Monkeypox Diagnosis and Treatment Guidelines(2022 version)".Speci-mens were collected for laboratory testing.The epidemiological investigation determined that the female patient had sexual in-tercourse with her newly married husband once before disease onset and the husband hid his history of male homosexual sex.The laboratory test results of the woman and her husband were positive for the nucleic acid of the monkeypox virus.Both had typical clinical symptoms,including rash.The epidemiological investigation,clinical symptoms,laboratory test results,and previous epidemic data of monkeypox in Yunnan province confirmed the woman as the first female infected with monkeypox in Yunnan Province and her husband was the presumed source of infection.

Objective:To explore the overall survival and prognostic factors of patients over 50 years old with acute myeloid leukemia(AML).Methods:The clinical data of 222 AML patients aged over 50 years in our hospital from January 2016 and June 2021 were retrospectively analyzed.Kaplan-Meier method was used to evaluate the overall survival(OS)rate,and Cox regression model to evaluate the prognostic factors.Results:The 1-year and 3-year OS rates of all patients were 46.8％and 28.8％,respectively.The recurrence rate of patients who achieved remission during follow-up time was 57％.Both univariate and multivariate analysis showed that advanced age,MLL family fusion gene,PHF6 gene mutation,TP53 gene mutation,intolerance to standard chemotherapy,incomplete remission,complex karyotype,+mar karyotype and inv(3)karyotype were significantly correlated with prognosis(all P＜0.05).Negative fusion gene and positive AML-ETO fusion gene had no obvious survival advantage in this population.In patients with complete remission,there was no significant survival advantage in those who achieved minimal residual disease negative.Conclusion:AML patients aged over 50 years have a poor outcome and high recurrence rate.The prognosis is affected by multiple factors and has its own characteristics.