Diabetic microvascular complications （DMC） are major chronic complications of diabetes，primarily including diabetic kidney disease （DKD），diabetic retinopathy （DR），diabetic cardiomyopathy （DCM），and diabetic peripheral neuropathy （DPN）. These complications significantly impact patients' quality of life and prognosis. Modern medicine primarily focuses on symptomatic control in the treatment of DMC，with limited ability to reverse the disease progression. Endoplasmic reticulum stress （ERS），as a central event under hyperglycemic toxicity，is not only a key cause of pancreatic β-cell dysfunction （reduced insulin synthesis and secretion） but also a core driver of damage in various target organs of DMC. It activates three signaling pathways of the unfolded protein response （UPR）-inositol-requiring enzyme 1 （IRE1），activating transcription factor 6 （ATF6），and protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase （PERK），intertwining processes such as autophagy，apoptosis，oxidative stress，and calcium homeostasis imbalance. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） offers multi-target and multi-pathway therapeutic advantages and can curb the pathological progression of DMC by regulating ERS. This article systematically reviews the relationships of ERS with pancreatic β-cell function，insulin synthesis，and insulin secretion，and elucidates the core signaling pathways through which ERS mediates DMC. Furthermore，it categorizes and summarizes experimental evidence and mechanisms of single medicinal herbs and their extracts，TCM compound formulas，and modern TCM preparations in regulating ERS for the treatment of various DMC subtypes. Finally，this article proposes ERS as a molecular bridge for integrating traditional Chinese and Western medicine in DMC treatment. Future research should leverage emerging technologies such as network pharmacology，multi-omics analysis，and nano-formulations to establish a synergistic network combining modern hypoglycemic drugs and TCM regulation of ERS. This approach is expected to achieve dual efficacy，enhance drug targeting and bioavailability，deepen the understanding of scientific connotation of TCM，and pave new avenues for the prevention and treatment of DMC.

Diabetic microvascular complications （DMC） are major chronic complications of diabetes，primarily including diabetic kidney disease （DKD），diabetic retinopathy （DR），diabetic cardiomyopathy （DCM），and diabetic peripheral neuropathy （DPN）. These complications significantly impact patients' quality of life and prognosis. Modern medicine primarily focuses on symptomatic control in the treatment of DMC，with limited ability to reverse the disease progression. Endoplasmic reticulum stress （ERS），as a central event under hyperglycemic toxicity，is not only a key cause of pancreatic β-cell dysfunction （reduced insulin synthesis and secretion） but also a core driver of damage in various target organs of DMC. It activates three signaling pathways of the unfolded protein response （UPR）-inositol-requiring enzyme 1 （IRE1），activating transcription factor 6 （ATF6），and protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase （PERK），intertwining processes such as autophagy，apoptosis，oxidative stress，and calcium homeostasis imbalance. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） offers multi-target and multi-pathway therapeutic advantages and can curb the pathological progression of DMC by regulating ERS. This article systematically reviews the relationships of ERS with pancreatic β-cell function，insulin synthesis，and insulin secretion，and elucidates the core signaling pathways through which ERS mediates DMC. Furthermore，it categorizes and summarizes experimental evidence and mechanisms of single medicinal herbs and their extracts，TCM compound formulas，and modern TCM preparations in regulating ERS for the treatment of various DMC subtypes. Finally，this article proposes ERS as a molecular bridge for integrating traditional Chinese and Western medicine in DMC treatment. Future research should leverage emerging technologies such as network pharmacology，multi-omics analysis，and nano-formulations to establish a synergistic network combining modern hypoglycemic drugs and TCM regulation of ERS. This approach is expected to achieve dual efficacy，enhance drug targeting and bioavailability，deepen the understanding of scientific connotation of TCM，and pave new avenues for the prevention and treatment of DMC.

The aim of this study was to identify the Salmonella strains isolated from an outbreak of foodborne illness in a seafood buffet restaurant and analyze their pathogenic characteristics.Epidemiological data,fecal samples from patients and chefs,and food/environmental samples from the restaurant were analyzed.Research methods included bacterial culture,serotyping,quadruple fluo-rescence PCR identification,whole-genome sequencing and antibiotic susceptibility testing.The results showed that 4 S.Java strains(serotype 1,4,12∶b∶1,2;ST42)were isolated from two outbreak cases and two sporadic cases.All isolates exhibited similar genomic features,harboring 9 virulence islands and 98 virulence genes.Antimicrobial resistance profiling revealed streptomycin monoresis-tance,mediated by aac(6′)-Iy and aac(6′)-Iaa genes.In conclusion,this event was the first reported outbreak of foodborne illness caused by S.Java in China,indicating that S.Java may be prevalent in the surveyed district.The catering industry should optimize food handling and processing procedures and enhance the surveillance of high risk pathogens.Meanwhile,further studies should ad-dress differential diagnosis and pathogenic mechanism differences between S.Java and S.paratyphi B,which will facilitate evidence-based monitoring in China.

This article comprehensively discusses the concept of workplace ostracism, measurement tools, theoretical basis, the current situation of workplace ostracism among nurses, and research on related variables. It proposes targeted strategies to address workplace ostracism among nurses, aiming to reduce the occurrence of workplace ostracism incidents among nurses. This is of great significance for constructing a harmonious work environment and promoting individual mental health.

The aim of this study was to identify the Salmonella strains isolated from an outbreak of foodborne illness in a seafood buffet restaurant and analyze their pathogenic characteristics.Epidemiological data,fecal samples from patients and chefs,and food/environmental samples from the restaurant were analyzed.Research methods included bacterial culture,serotyping,quadruple fluo-rescence PCR identification,whole-genome sequencing and antibiotic susceptibility testing.The results showed that 4 S.Java strains(serotype 1,4,12∶b∶1,2;ST42)were isolated from two outbreak cases and two sporadic cases.All isolates exhibited similar genomic features,harboring 9 virulence islands and 98 virulence genes.Antimicrobial resistance profiling revealed streptomycin monoresis-tance,mediated by aac(6′)-Iy and aac(6′)-Iaa genes.In conclusion,this event was the first reported outbreak of foodborne illness caused by S.Java in China,indicating that S.Java may be prevalent in the surveyed district.The catering industry should optimize food handling and processing procedures and enhance the surveillance of high risk pathogens.Meanwhile,further studies should ad-dress differential diagnosis and pathogenic mechanism differences between S.Java and S.paratyphi B,which will facilitate evidence-based monitoring in China.

Researchers commonly use cyclization recombination enzyme/locus of X-over P1 (Cre/loxP) technology-based conditional gene knockouts of model mice to investigate the functional roles of genes of interest in Sertoli and Leydig cells within the testis. However, the shortcomings of these genetic tools include high costs, lengthy experimental periods, and limited accessibility for researchers. Therefore, exploring alternative gene silencing techniques is of great practical value. In this study, we employed adeno-associated virus (AAV) as a vector for gene silencing in Sertoli and Leydig cells. Our findings demonstrated that AAV serotypes 1, 8, and 9 exhibited high infection efficiency in both types of testis cells. Importantly, we discovered that all three AAV serotypes exhibited exquisite specificity in targeting Sertoli cells via tubular injection while demonstrating remarkable selectivity in targeting Leydig cells via interstitial injection. We achieved cell-specific knockouts of the steroidogenic acute regulatory ( Star ) and luteinizing hormone/human chorionic gonadotropin receptor (Lhcgr) genes in Leydig cells, but not in Sertoli cells, using AAV9-single guide RNA (sgRNA)-mediated gene editing in Rosa26-LSL-Cas9 mice. Knockdown of androgen receptor ( Ar ) gene expression in Sertoli cells of wild-type mice was achieved via tubular injection of AAV9-short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-mediated targeting. Our findings offer technical approaches for investigating gene function in Sertoli and Leydig cells through AAV9-mediated gene silencing.
Animals ; Male ; Leydig Cells/metabolism* ; Mice ; Dependovirus/genetics* ; Sertoli Cells/metabolism* ; Gene Silencing ; Genetic Vectors ; Testis/cytology*

Objective To systematically review the safety of disialoganglioside(GD2)targeted therapies in the treatment of pediatric neuroblastoma(NB).Methods PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library,CNKI,WanFang Data,SinoMed databases and ClinicalTrials.gov clinical trial registration system were electronically searched to collect clinical studies of GD2-targeted therapies for pediatric NB from inception to November 30,2024.Two reviewers independently screened the literature,extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of the included studies.Meta-analysis was performed by using R 4.3.1 software.Results A total of 21 studies involving 2,438 patients were included.Meta-analysis results showed that the overall incidence(95％CI)of serious adverse drug events(SADEs)in GD2-targeted therapies for pediatric NB was 51.67％(35.43％to 67.92％).The serious fever and alanine aminotransferase(ALT)increase were common with the incidence(95％CI)of 7.80％(0.80％to 18.85％)and 5.10％(2.02％to 10.55％)respectively.The incidences(95％CI)of grade 3 to 5 adverse drug reactions(ADRs):fever 18.81％(8.00％to 29.61％),pain 30.32％(16.21％to 44.44％),hypokalemia 18.96％(6.44％to 31.49％),ALT increased 10.41％(2.96％to 17.86％),hypotension 8.48％(3.78％to 13.18％),anemia 16.62％(5.97％to 27.26％),platelet count decreased 16.46％(5.55％to 27.37％),lymphocyte count decreased 10.42％(0.97％to 26.09％),neutrophil count decreased 13.37％(3.12％to 23.62％).Among the intervention subgroups,the incidences of grade 3 to 5 ADRs were relatively low in dinutuximab β group and GD2-chimeric antigen receptor T cells(GD2 CART)group.Conclusions The incidences of SADEs and grade 3 to 5 ADRs are high in pediatric NB patients receiving GD2-targeted therapy,which should be paid attention to.The safety profile of GD2 targeted therapies under development for pediatric NB are even better than those of GD2 targeted drugs already on the market,especially GD2 CART,which shows good safety potential.

Objective To systematically review the safety of disialoganglioside(GD2)targeted therapies in the treatment of pediatric neuroblastoma(NB).Methods PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library,CNKI,WanFang Data,SinoMed databases and ClinicalTrials.gov clinical trial registration system were electronically searched to collect clinical studies of GD2-targeted therapies for pediatric NB from inception to November 30,2024.Two reviewers independently screened the literature,extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of the included studies.Meta-analysis was performed by using R 4.3.1 software.Results A total of 21 studies involving 2,438 patients were included.Meta-analysis results showed that the overall incidence(95％CI)of serious adverse drug events(SADEs)in GD2-targeted therapies for pediatric NB was 51.67％(35.43％to 67.92％).The serious fever and alanine aminotransferase(ALT)increase were common with the incidence(95％CI)of 7.80％(0.80％to 18.85％)and 5.10％(2.02％to 10.55％)respectively.The incidences(95％CI)of grade 3 to 5 adverse drug reactions(ADRs):fever 18.81％(8.00％to 29.61％),pain 30.32％(16.21％to 44.44％),hypokalemia 18.96％(6.44％to 31.49％),ALT increased 10.41％(2.96％to 17.86％),hypotension 8.48％(3.78％to 13.18％),anemia 16.62％(5.97％to 27.26％),platelet count decreased 16.46％(5.55％to 27.37％),lymphocyte count decreased 10.42％(0.97％to 26.09％),neutrophil count decreased 13.37％(3.12％to 23.62％).Among the intervention subgroups,the incidences of grade 3 to 5 ADRs were relatively low in dinutuximab β group and GD2-chimeric antigen receptor T cells(GD2 CART)group.Conclusions The incidences of SADEs and grade 3 to 5 ADRs are high in pediatric NB patients receiving GD2-targeted therapy,which should be paid attention to.The safety profile of GD2 targeted therapies under development for pediatric NB are even better than those of GD2 targeted drugs already on the market,especially GD2 CART,which shows good safety potential.

This article comprehensively discusses the concept of workplace ostracism, measurement tools, theoretical basis, the current situation of workplace ostracism among nurses, and research on related variables. It proposes targeted strategies to address workplace ostracism among nurses, aiming to reduce the occurrence of workplace ostracism incidents among nurses. This is of great significance for constructing a harmonious work environment and promoting individual mental health.

Lung cancer is the top cause of cancer deaths globally.Advances in immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)have transformed cancer treatment,but their use in lung cancer has led to more side effects.This study examined if past pulmonary tuberculosis(TB)affects ICIs'effectiveness and safety in lung cancer treatment.We reviewed lung cancer patients treated with ICIs at Beijing Chest Hospital from January 2019 to August 2022.We compared outcomes and side effects between patients with and without prior TB.Of 116 patients(40 with TB history,76 without),prior TB didn't reduce treatment effectiveness but did increase severe side effects.Notably,older patients(≥65 years)faced a higher risk of severe side effects.Detailed cases of two patients with severe side effects underscored TB as a risk factor in lung cancer patients receiving ICIs,stressing the need for careful monitoring and personalized care.