With the rising incidence of colon cancer, several studies have indicated that aquaporin 1 (AQP1) expression is associated with the development of colon cancer. This study aims to elucidate the potential molecular mechanisms between them. Methods: We screened data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and retrospectively examined AQP1 protein expression in 127 colon cancer patients to analyze the relationship between AQP1 expression and pathological stages, prognosis. We created stable colon cancer cell lines with differential AQP1 expression, the effect of AQP1 expression on the proliferation and migration of colon cancer cells was assessed by in vitro and in vivo studies, and explored potential molecular mechanisms through Western blotting. Results: High AQP1 expression was associated with poorer survival (overall survival [OS], p = .028) in colon cancer patients from the TCGA database. Similarly, retrospective clinical data indicated that high AQP1 expression was associated with reduced disease-free survival and OS (p = .036 and p = .017, respectively). The low-expressing AQP1 colon cancer cells exhibited a decrease in proliferation and migration ability of colon cancer cells compared to the overexpressing AQP1 group (p < .05) in vitro and in vivo. Immunohistochemistry and western blotting experiments validated heightened expression of N-cadherin, vimentin, and claudin- 1 in the tumor tissues of the overexpressing AQP1 group. Conversely, reduced AQP1 expression resulted in decreased expression of claudin- 1. Conclusions: AQP1 correlates with unfavorable prognosis in colon cancer and potentially enhances the proliferation and migration of colon cancer by up-regulating claudin-1 expression.

To analyze the clinical and genetic features of oculopharyngodistal myopathy (OPDM) patients and compare the phenotypic differences among various causative genes.

Objective:To explore the therapeutic effect of drug-coated balloon(DCB)combined drug-eluting stent(DES)on coronary bifurcation lesions.Methods:A total of 108 patients with coronary bifurcation lesions admitted in Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Huangpu Branch,Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine between February 2021 and March 2023 were enrolled in this randomized controlled study.Patients were randomly divided into combined treatment group(n=54,DCB was implanted in the sub-branch,and DES was implanted in the main branch)and DES group(n=54,DES were implanted in both main branch and sub-branch).Clinical therapeutic effect,coronary angiography quantitative parameters before,instant and 9 months after operation and clinical out-comes during 1-year follow-up after operation were compared between two groups.Results:The total effective rate of combined treatment group was significantly higher than that of DES group(96.30％vs.87.04％,P=0.030).Compared to those in DES group,instant and 9 months after operation,patients in the combined treatment group had significant higher diameters of main branch vessel[(3.13±0.31)mm vs.(3.01±0.25)mm,(2.99±0.33)mm vs.(2.84±0.23)mm],sub-branch vessel[(2.51±0.26)mm vs.(2.42±0.13)mm,(2.44±0.24)mm vs.(2.29±0.36)mm],and significant lower main branch stenosis rate[(6.05±0.21)％vs.(6.24±0.31)％,(9.06±0.23)％vs.(10.12±0.12)％]and sub-branch stenosis rate[(7.38±0.42)％vs.(7.63±0.18)％,(8.07±0.39)％vs.(11.25±0.22)％](P＜0.05 or＜0.01).There were no significant difference in incidence of target lesion revascularization,cardiogenic death and major adverse cardiovascular events between two groups(P＞0.05 all).Conclusion:Drug-eluting stent combined drug-coated balloon may promote vascular branch dilation of coro-nary artery lesions,increase the minimum lumen diameter of sub-branch vessels,and reduce the occurrence of ste-nosis in the treatment of coronary bifurcation lesion,which had similar effectiveness and safety with drug-eluting stent technique.

Objective:To explore the therapeutic effect of drug-coated balloon(DCB)combined drug-eluting stent(DES)on coronary bifurcation lesions.Methods:A total of 108 patients with coronary bifurcation lesions admitted in Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Huangpu Branch,Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine between February 2021 and March 2023 were enrolled in this randomized controlled study.Patients were randomly divided into combined treatment group(n=54,DCB was implanted in the sub-branch,and DES was implanted in the main branch)and DES group(n=54,DES were implanted in both main branch and sub-branch).Clinical therapeutic effect,coronary angiography quantitative parameters before,instant and 9 months after operation and clinical out-comes during 1-year follow-up after operation were compared between two groups.Results:The total effective rate of combined treatment group was significantly higher than that of DES group(96.30％vs.87.04％,P=0.030).Compared to those in DES group,instant and 9 months after operation,patients in the combined treatment group had significant higher diameters of main branch vessel[(3.13±0.31)mm vs.(3.01±0.25)mm,(2.99±0.33)mm vs.(2.84±0.23)mm],sub-branch vessel[(2.51±0.26)mm vs.(2.42±0.13)mm,(2.44±0.24)mm vs.(2.29±0.36)mm],and significant lower main branch stenosis rate[(6.05±0.21)％vs.(6.24±0.31)％,(9.06±0.23)％vs.(10.12±0.12)％]and sub-branch stenosis rate[(7.38±0.42)％vs.(7.63±0.18)％,(8.07±0.39)％vs.(11.25±0.22)％](P＜0.05 or＜0.01).There were no significant difference in incidence of target lesion revascularization,cardiogenic death and major adverse cardiovascular events between two groups(P＞0.05 all).Conclusion:Drug-eluting stent combined drug-coated balloon may promote vascular branch dilation of coro-nary artery lesions,increase the minimum lumen diameter of sub-branch vessels,and reduce the occurrence of ste-nosis in the treatment of coronary bifurcation lesion,which had similar effectiveness and safety with drug-eluting stent technique.

With the rapid development of generative artificial intelligence(GAI)technologies,their widespread application in academic research and writing is continuously expanding the boundaries of sci-entific inquiry.However,this trend has also raised a series of ethical and regulatory challenges,inclu-ding issues related to authorship,content authenticity,citation accuracy,and accountability.In light of the growing involvement of AI in generating academic content,establishing an open,controllable,and trustworthy ethical governance framework has become a key task for safeguarding research integrity and maintaining trust within the academic community.This expert consensus outlines ethical requirements across key stages of AI-assisted academic writing-including topic selection,data management,citation practices,and authorship attribution.It aims to clarify the boundaries and ethical obligations surrounding AI use in academic writing,ensuring that technological tools enhance efficiency without compromising in-tegrity.The goal is to provide guidance and institutional support for building a responsible and sustainable research ecosystem.

With the rapid development of generative artificial intelligence(GAI)technologies,their widespread application in academic research and writing is continuously expanding the boundaries of sci-entific inquiry.However,this trend has also raised a series of ethical and regulatory challenges,inclu-ding issues related to authorship,content authenticity,citation accuracy,and accountability.In light of the growing involvement of AI in generating academic content,establishing an open,controllable,and trustworthy ethical governance framework has become a key task for safeguarding research integrity and maintaining trust within the academic community.This expert consensus outlines ethical requirements across key stages of AI-assisted academic writing-including topic selection,data management,citation practices,and authorship attribution.It aims to clarify the boundaries and ethical obligations surrounding AI use in academic writing,ensuring that technological tools enhance efficiency without compromising in-tegrity.The goal is to provide guidance and institutional support for building a responsible and sustainable research ecosystem.

OBJECTIVE: High-altitude hypoxia exposure often damages hippocampus-dependent learning and memory. Nogo-A is an important axonal growth inhibitory factor. However, its function in high-altitude hypoxia and its mechanism of action remain unclear. METHODS: In an in vivo study, a low-pressure oxygen chamber was used to simulate high-altitude hypoxia, and genetic or pharmacological intervention was used to block the Nogo-A/NgR1 signaling pathway. Contextual fear conditioning and Morris water maze behavioral tests were used to assess learning and memory in rats, and synaptic damage in the hippocampus and changes in oxidative stress levels were observed. In vitro, SH-SY5Y cells were used to assess oxidative stress and mitochondrial function with or without Nogo-A knockdown in Oxygen Glucose-Deprivation/Reperfusion (OGD/R) models. RESULTS: Exposure to acute high-altitude hypoxia for 3 or 7 days impaired learning and memory in rats, triggered oxidative stress in the hippocampal tissue, and reduced the dendritic spine density of hippocampal neurons. Blocking the Nogo-A/NgR1 pathway ameliorated oxidative stress, synaptic damage, and the learning and memory impairment induced by high-altitude exposure. CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrate the detrimental role of Nogo-A protein in mediating learning and memory impairment under high-altitude hypoxia and suggest the potential of the Nogo-A/NgR1 signaling pathway as a crucial therapeutic target for alleviating learning and memory dysfunction induced by high-altitude exposure. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT available in www.besjournal.com.
Animals ; Oxidative Stress ; Hippocampus/metabolism* ; Rats ; Nogo Proteins/genetics* ; Male ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Hypoxia/metabolism* ; Altitude ; Synapses ; Humans ; Altitude Sickness/metabolism*

The structure of intestinal tissue is complex. In vitro simulation of intestinal structure and function is important for studying intestinal development and diseases. Recently, organoids have been successfully constructed and they have come to play an important role in biomedical research. Organoids are miniaturized three-dimensional (3D) organs, derived from stem cells, which mimic the structure, cell types, and physiological functions of an organ, making them robust models for biomedical research. Intestinal organoids are 3D micro-organs derived from intestinal stem cells or pluripotent stem cells that can successfully simulate the complex structure and function of the intestine, thereby providing a valuable platform for intestinal development and disease research. In this article, we review the latest progress in the construction and application of intestinal organoids.
Organoids/cytology* ; Intestines/physiology* ; Humans ; Animals ; Pluripotent Stem Cells

Prostate cancer (PCa) ranks as the second most prevalent malignancy among men worldwide. Early diagnosis, personalized treatment, and prognosis prediction of PCa play a crucial role in improving patients' survival rates. The advancement of artificial intelligence (AI), particularly the utilization of deep learning (DL) algorithms, has brought about substantial progress in assisting the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis prediction of PCa. The introduction of the foundation model has revolutionized the application of AI in medical treatment and facilitated its integration into clinical practice. This review emphasizes the clinical application of AI in PCa by discussing recent advancements from both pathological and imaging perspectives. Furthermore, it explores the current challenges faced by AI in clinical applications while also considering future developments, aiming to provide a valuable point of reference for the integration of AI and clinical applications.
Humans ; Prostatic Neoplasms/diagnosis* ; Male ; Artificial Intelligence ; Deep Learning ; Prognosis