BACKGROUND:More and more animal experiments and clinical studies have confirmed that electrical stimulation can promote the repair of peripheral nerve injury,but the specific mechanism is not yet fully understood. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of electrical stimulation-induced miR-741-3p regulating Radil on Schwann cell migration. METHODS:(1)Twelve male SD rats were randomly divided into electrical stimulation group and control group.The electrical stimulation group received continuous electrical stimulation for 7 days after sciatic nerve compression injury,while the control group was not treated after sciatic nerve compression.The injured nerves were taken on day 7 after operation.The expression difference of miR-741-3p between the two groups was verified by fluorescence in situ hybridization.(2)The target genes of miR-741-3p were predicted by miRDB,TargetScan,and miRWalk databases.(3)Schwann cells were transfected with miR-741-3p mimetic and its control,miR-741-3p inhibitor and its control,Radil siRNA and its control,miR-741-3p inhibitor+Radil siRNA and miR-741-3p inhibitor+siRNA control.The transfection efficiency was detected by RT-PCR.The migration ability of Schwann cells was detected by Transwell chamber. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The fluorescence intensity of miR-741-3p in the electrical stimulation group was lower than that in the control group.(2)The results of database prediction showed that 69 genes might be the target genes of miR-741-3p.Radil was one of the predicted target genes,which was mainly involved in cell adhesion and migration.(3)Compared with the miR-741-3p inhibitor control group,the number of Schwann cell migration increased in the miR-741-3p inhibitor group(P<0.05).Compared with the miR-741-3p mimic control group,the number of Schwann cell migration in the miR-741-3p mimic group decreased(P<0.05).Compared with the siRNA control group,the number of Schwann cell migration was decreased in the Radil siRNA group(P<0.05).(4)Compared with miR-741-3p inhibitor control group,the expression level of Radil was increased in miR-741-3p inhibitor group.Compared with miR-741-3p mimic control group,the expression level of Radil was decreased in miR-741-3p mimic group.(5)Compared with miR-741-3p inhibitor+siRNA control group,the number of Schwann cell migration was reduced in miR-741-3p inhibitor+Radil siRNA group(P<0.05).The results showed that electrical stimulation promoted the migration of Schwann cells by down-regulating miR-741-3p and targeting Radil gene.

Objective: To determine the clinical efficacy and mechanism of Piwei Peiyuan Pill (PPP) combined with moxibustion for treating patients with chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) with spleen and stomach weakness syndrome. Methods: Ninety-six CAG patients with spleen and stomach weakness syndrome who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled at the Department of Spleen and Stomach Diseases of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine from June 2022 to December 2023. The patients were randomly divided into a control, a Chinese medicine, and a combined group using a random number table method, with 32 cases in each group (two cases per group were excluded). The control group was treated with rabeprazole combined with folic acid tablets (both thrice daily), the Chinese medicine group was treated with PPP (8 g, thrice daily), and the combined group was treated with moxa stick moxibustion (once daily) on the basis of the Chinese medicine group for 12 consecutive weeks. Gastric mucosa atrophy in the three groups was observed before and after treatment. The gastric mucosal pathological score was evaluated. The Patient Reported Outcome (PRO) scale was used to evaluate the patients′ physical and mental health status and quality of life.An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect serum tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-4, IL-10, IL-37, and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β levels in each group. Real-time fluorescence PCR was used to detect the relative expression levels of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) mRNA in each group. Western blotting was used to detect the relative expression levels of proteins related to the STAT3/mTOR signaling pathway, and the adverse drug reactions and events were recorded and compared. Results: There was no statistical difference in age, gender, disease duration, family history of gastrointestinal tumors, alcohol consumption history, and body mass index among the three groups of patients.The total therapeutic efficacy rates of the control, Chinese medicine, and combined groups in treating gastric mucosal atrophy were 66.67% (20/30), 86.67% (26/30), and 90.00% (27/30), respectively (P<0.05). Compared to before treatment, the pathological and PRO scale scores of gastric mucosa in each group decreased after treatment, and TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-37, and TGF-β levels decreased. The relative STAT3 and mTOR mRNA expression levels, as well as the relative STAT3, p-STAT3, mTOR, and p-mTOR protein expression levels decreased (P<0.05), whereas the IL-4 and IL-10 levels increased (P<0.05). After treatment, compared to the control group, the pathological score of gastric mucosa, PRO scale score, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-37, TGF-β content, relative STAT3 and mTOR mRNA expression levels, and relative STAT3, p-STAT3, mTOR, and p-mTOR protein expression levels in the Chinese medicine and combined groups after treatment were reduced (P<0.05), whereas the IL-4 and IL-10 levels increased (P<0.05). After treatment, compared to the Chinese medicine group, the combined group showed a decrease in relative STAT3, mTOR mRNA expression levels, and STAT3, p-STAT3, mTOR, and p-mTOR protein expression levels (P<0.05). Conclusion The combination of PPP and moxibustion may regulate the inflammatory mechanism of the body by inhibiting the abnormal activation of the STAT3/mTOR signaling pathway, upregulating related anti-inflammatory factor levels, downregulating pro-inflammatory factor expression, and increasing related repair factor expression, thereby promoting the recovery of atrophic gastric mucosa, reducing discomfort symptoms, and improving the physical and mental state of CAG patients with spleen and stomach weakness syndrome.

In this study, RAW264.7 cells were employed to investigate the effects of honey-processed Astragalus on their energy metabolism and polarization, and explore the scientific connotation of the enhanced efficacy of honey-processed Astragalus on invigorating spleen-stomach and replenishing Qi. The medicated sera were prepared by intragastric administration of rats with water extracts of crude and honey-processed Astragalus, and the composition changes of medicated sera of crude and honey-processed Astragalus were analyzed by using LC-MS technology. The cell survival rates were detected and the concentrations of medicated sera were screened through CCK-8 assay. The differences of cell phagocytic rates, ATP energy metabolism, and NO secretion between crude and honey-processed Astragalus were evaluated by using neutral red phagocytosis assay, ATP detection kit, and NO detection kit. The effects of crude and honey-processed Astragalus on TNF-α secretion of RAW264.7 cells were detected by employing ELISA kit. The effects of crude and honey-processed Astragalus on polarization of RAW264.7 cells were evaluated by utilizing flow cytometry. The differential metabolites related to glycolysis in cell lysates and culture media were screened by using LC-MS technology. The experiment was approved by the experimental animal ethics committee from Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine (No. AWE202407352). The results showed that the contents of betaine, amino acids, and ononin in the prepared medicated sera of rats treated by intragastric administration with water extracts of honey-processed Astragalus increased compared to those in crude one. The results of CCK-8 experiment showed that there were no cytotoxic effects on RAW264.7 cells in the medicated sera of crude and honey-processd Astragalus at different concentration. The phagocytic index and ATP yield both increased to varying degrees after administration of the medicated sera to cells. The secretion of NO in normal and inflammatory cells increased and decreased respectively, and the effect of honey-processed Astragalus was better than that of crude one. The results of ELISA kit showed that the medicated sera of both crude and honey-processed Astragalus could promote the secretion of TNF-α in a concentration-dependent manner, and the promoting effect of honey-processed Astragalus was stronger than that of crude one. The results of flow cytometry showed that the medicated sera of both crude and honey-processed Astragalus could promote M1-type polarization and inhibit M2-type polarization of RAW264.7 cells, and the effect of honey-processed Astragalus was better than that of crude one. Compared to crude Astragalus, the metabolites related to glycolysis in the cell lysates and culture media of the medicated sera of honey-processed Astragalus were generally on the rise, indicating that the effect on promoting glycolysis of honey-processed Astragalus was better than that of crude one. In summary, honey-processed Astragalus can promote the polarization and energy metabolism of RAW264.7 cells, and participate in positive immune regulation, which is correlated with its enhanced effect of invigorating spleen-stomach and replenishing Qi.

Objective: To analyze the prevalence trends of different types of elevated blood pressure and their association with nutritional status among primary and secondary school students in Inner Mongolia from 2019 to 2024, providing references for targeted prevention strategies. Methods: From September 2019 to 2024, a stratified random cluster sampling method was used to select 12 primary and secondary schools from each league city in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. A total of 177 108, 137 758, 190 182, 180 084 , 188 056, 180 351 primary and secondary school students (excluding grades one to three of primary school) were included for physical examination. The correlation between their nutritional status and high blood pressure was analyzed based on the basic situation of 129 821 primary and secondary school students who completed a questionnaire survey at the same time in 2024. Statistical analysis was conducted using a Chi-square test and multiple Logistic regression model. Results: From 2019 to 2024, the detection rates of elevated blood pressure were 13.60%, 13.68%, 17.60%, 17.24%, 14.77% and 15.96%, respectively. The rates for isolated systolic hypertension were 4.24%, 5.83%, 7.26%, 7.19%, 6.24% and 6.93%; isolated diastolic hypertension rates were 6.38%, 4.99%, 6.23 %, 6.41%, 5.39% and 5.66%; and combined systolic and diastolic hypertension rates were 2.97%, 2.86%, 4.11%, 3.65%, 3.14 % and 3.36%. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that girls, junior high school, senior high school, overweight, and obesity were positively associated with elevated blood pressure risk ( OR =1.27, 1.25, 1.32, 1.66, 3.07, all P <0.05); conversely, county residence, Mongolian ethnicity, and other ethnicities showed negative associations ( OR =0.90, 0.93, 0.90, all P <0.05). Conclusions Overweight and obesity among children and adolescents are closely related to various types of elevated blood pressure. Prevention strategies should prioritize effectively controlling weight issues among children and adolescents, thereby effectively reducing the incidence of elevated blood pressure.

The pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease(AD)is complex and unclear.Existing drugs can only alleviate its symp-toms,and there is an urgent need to develop effective therapeutic drugs.As the representative drugs of tonic and enlightening medicine,ginseng and acorus calamus have pharmacological effects to improve memory,improve learning ability and reduce cognitive impairment,which are commonly used in Chinese med-icine for the treatment of dementia.The combination of ginseng and acorus calamus can further promote the active ingredients in-to brain to exert their medicinal effects,and delay the process of AD through anti-inflammatory,anti-oxidative stress,modulation of neuronal-synaptic plasticity and other multiple pathways,with multi-level,multi-system and multi-target action characteristics.This paper attempts to summarize the existing research results and lay the foundation for further exploring the synergistic mech-anism of action of ginseng-acorus calamus combination and the dose-effect relationship of the combination,so as to provide a sci-entific basis for the development of innovative Chinese medicines for the prevention and treatment of AD.

Aim To investigate the regulatory effects of chlorogenic acid(CGA)on mitochondrial autophagy and inflammation in ox-LDL induced foam cells through PINK1/Parkin signaling pathway.Methods RAW264.7 macrophages were divided into the control group,model group,CGA-L group,CGA-M group,CGA-H group and CGA-H+Mdi group.Oil red O method was used to identify cell foam.The intervention concentration of CGA was determined by CCK-8 meth-od.The mitochondrial structure was observed by trans-mission electron microscope.The expression of IL-1 β,IL-18 and IFN-γ was detected by ELISA.The expres-sion of genes and proteins associated with PINK1/Par-kin mitochondrial autophagy pathway was detected by qRT-PCR and immunofluorescence labeling.Results Oil red O staining showed that the foam cell model was successfully prepared.Compared with the model group,mitochondrial damage was significantly reduced after CGA intervention at different concentrations,and the expressions of PINK1,Parkin,p-Parkin,PHB2 and LC3 Ⅱ were induced,while the expression of TOMM20 was inhibited.The expressions of IL-1 β,IL-18 and IFN-γ decreased(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Compared with the CGA-H group,the CGA-H+Mdi group significantly increased mitochondrial damage,in-hibited the expression of PINK1,Parkin,p-Parkin,PHB2,LC3 Ⅱ,induced the expression of TOMM20,and enhanced the expression of IL-1 β,IL-18,IFN-γ(P＜0.01).Conclusions CGA can induce mitochon-drial autophagy in foam cells by regulating PINK1/Par-kin pathway and inhibit the overexpression of pro-in-flammatory factors IL-1 β,IL-18 and IFN-y,which may be one of the anti-atherosclerosis mechanisms of CGA.

Objective To investigate the preliminary clinical effect of closed reduction and cannulated nail internal fixa-tion for femoral neck fracture assisted by robot navigation and positioning system.Methods From July 2019 to January 2020,16 cases of femoral neck fracture(navigation group)were treated with closed reduction and internal fixation guided by robot system,including 7 males and 9 females,aged 25 to 72 years old with an average of(53.61±5.45)years old;Garden classification of fracture:3 cases of type Ⅰ,3 cases of type Ⅱ,8 cases of type Ⅲ,2 cases of type Ⅳ.Non navigation group(control group):20 cases of femoral neck fracture were treated with closed reduction and hollow nail internal fixation,8 males and 12 females,aged 46 to 70 years old with an average of(55.23±4.64)years old;Garden type Ⅰ in 2 cases,type Ⅱ in 4 cases,type Ⅲ in 11 cases,type Ⅳ in 3 cases.The operation time,fluoroscopy times,guide needle drilling times,screw adjustment times,intraoperative bleeding volume and other indicators of two groups were evaluated.Results Both groups were followed up for 12 to 18 months with an average of(15.6±2.8)months.The fractures of both groups were healed without delayed union and nonunion.There was no significant difference in healing time between two groups(P=0.782).There was no significant differ-ence in Harris scores between two groups at the last follow-up(P=0.813).There was no significant difference in operation time between two groups(P＞0.05).There were significant differences between two groups in fluoroscopy times,guide needle drilling times,hollow screw replacement times,and intraoperative bleeding volume(P＜0.05).Conclusion Closed reduction and hollow screw internal fixation assisted by robot navigation system for femoral neck fracture has the advantages of minimally invasive operation,precise screw placement,and reduction of X-ray radiation damage during operation.

Objective To summarize the reasons and management strategies of reoperation after oblique lateral interbody fusion(OLIF),and put forward preventive measures.Methods From October 2015 to December 2019,23 patients who under-went reoperation after OLIF in four spine surgery centers were retrospectively analyzed.There were 9 males and 14 females with an average age of(61.89±8.80)years old ranging from 44 to 81 years old.The index diagnosis was degenerative lumbar intervertebral dics diseases in 3 cases,discogenie low back pain in 1 case,degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis in 6 cases,lumbar spinal stenosis in 9 cases and degenerative lumbar spinal kyphoscoliosis in 4 cases.Sixteen patients were primarily treated with Stand-alone OLIF procedures and 7 cases were primarily treated with OLIF combined with posterior pedicle screw fixation.There were 17 cases of single fusion segment,2 of 2 fusion segments,4 of 3 fusion segments.All the cases underwent reoperation within 3 months after the initial surgery.The strategies of reoperation included supplementary posterior pedicle screw instrumentation in 16 cases;posterior laminectomy,cage adjustment and neurolysis in 2 cases,arthroplasty and neuroly-sis under endoscope in 1 case,posterior laminectomy and neurolysis in 1 case,pedicle screw adjustment in 1 case,exploration and decompression under percutaneous endoscopic in 1 case,interbody fusion cage and pedicle screw revision in 1 case.Visu-al analogue scale(VAS)and Oswestry disability index(ODI)index were used to evaluate and compare the recovery of low back pain and lumbar function before reoperation and at the last follow-up.During the follow-up process,the phenomenon of fusion cage settlement or re-displacement,as well as the condition of intervertebral fusion,were observed.The changes in in-tervertebral space height before the first operation,after the first operation,before the second operation,3 to 5 days after the second operation,6 months after the second operation,and at the latest follow-up were measured and compared.Results There was no skin necrosis and infection.All patients were followed up from 12 to 48 months with an average of(28.1±7.3)months.Nerve root injury symptoms were relieved within 3 to 6 months.No cage transverse shifting and no dislodgement,loosening or breakage of the instrumentation was observed in any patient during the follow-up period.Though the intervertebral disc height was obviously increased at the first postoperative,there was a rapid loss in the early stage,and still partially lost after reopera-tion.The VAS for back pain recovered from(6.20±1.69)points preoperatively to(1.60±0.71)points postoperatively(P＜0.05).The ODI recovered from(40.60±7.01)％preoperatively to(9.14±2.66)％postoperatively(P＜0.05).Conclusion There is a risk of reoperation due to failure after OLIF surgery.The reasons for reoperation include preoperative bone loss or osteoporosis the initial surgery was performed by Stand-alone,intraoperative endplate injury,significant subsidence of the fusion cage after surgery,postoperative fusion cage displacement,nerve damage,etc.As long as it is discovered in a timely manner and handled properly,further surgery after OLIF surgery can achieve better clinical results,but prevention still needs to be strengthened.

Objective To study the application value of different transbronchial biopsies in the diagnosis of central lung cancer in elderly patients.Methods The clinical data of 97 elderly patients with central lung cancer diagnosed by pathology from June 2020 to June 2023 in the 923rd Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army Joint Logistic Support Force were retrospectively analyzed.According to the different initial transbronchial biopsy methods,the patients were divided into the endobronchial biopsy(EBB)group(n=51)and the conventional transbronchial needle aspiration(cTBNA)group(n=46).The histopathological results were statistically analyzed,and the first biopsy positive rates of EBB and cTBNA in the diagnosis of senile central lung cancer were calculated and compared.At the same time,the differences of biopsy tolerance and complications between the two groups were evaluated.Results The squamous cell carcinoma proportions in both groups were over 50%.There was no significant difference in the first biopsy positive rate between the two groups(P>0.05).The incidence of temporary retreat of the scope due to subjective tolerance in the EBB group was higher than that in the cTBNA group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).There was a statistically significant difference in the incidence of intraoperative complications of different grades between the two groups(P<0.001).Among them,the incidence of grade 2 and above complications during surgery in the EBB group was significantly higher than that in the cTBNA group(P<0.001).Conclusion For elderly patients with central lung cancer,the success rate of the first biopsy of EBB and cTBNA is roughly equivalent,but the incidence of postoperative complications of the latter is significantly lower than that of the former.cTBNA can be used as the first biopsy method for this population.

Objective:To analyze the immune reconstitution after BTKi treatment in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia(CLL).Methods:The clinical and laboratorial data of 59 CLL patients admitted from January 2017 to March 2022 in Fujian Medical University Union Hospital were collected and analyzed retrospectively.Results:The median age of 59 CLL patients was 60.5(36-78).After one year of BTKi treatment,the CLL clones(CD5+/CD19+)of 51 cases(86.4％)were significantly reduced,in which the number of cloned-B cells decreased significantly from(46±6.1)× 109/L to(2.3±0.4)× 109/L(P=0.0013).But there was no significant change in the number of non-cloned B cells(CD19+minus CD5+/CD19+).After BTKi treatment,IgA increased significantly from(0.75±0.09)g/L to(1.31±0.1)g/L(P＜0.001),while IgG and IgM decreased from(8.1±0.2)g/L and(0.52±0.6)g/L to(7.1±0.1)g/L and(0.47±0.1)g/L,respectively(P＜0.001,P=0.002).BTKi treatment resulted in a significant change in T cell subpopulation of CLL patients,which manifested as both a decrease in total number of T cells from(2.1±0.1)× 109/L to(1.6±0.4)× 109/L and NK/T cells from(0.11±0.1)× 109/L to(0.07±0.01)× 109/L(P=0.042,P=0.038),both an increase in number of CD4+cells from(0.15±6.1)× 109/L to(0.19±0.4)× 109/L and CD8+cells from(0.27±0.01)× 109/L to(0.41±0.08)× 109/L(both P＜0.001).BTKi treatment also up-regulated the expression of interleukin(IL)-2 while down-regulated IL-4 and interferon(IFN)-γ.However,the expression of IL-6,IL-10,and tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α did not change significantly.BTKi treatment could also restored the diversity of TCR and BCR in CLL patients,especially obviously in those patients with complete remission(CR)than those with partial remission(PR).Before and after BTKi treatment,Shannon index of TCR in patients with CR was 0.02±0.008 and 0.14±0.001(P＜0.001),while in patients with PR was 0.01±0.03 and 0.05±0.02(P＞0.05),respectively.Shannon index of BCR in patients with CR was 0.19±0.003 and 0.33±0.15(P＜0.001),while in patients with PR was 0.15±0.009 and 0.23±0.18(P＜0.05),respectively.Conclusions:BTKi treatment can shrink the clone size in CLL patients,promote the expression of IgA,increase the number of functional T cells,and regulate the secretion of cytokines such as IL-2,IL-4,and IFN-γ.BTKi also promote the recovery of diversity of TCR and BCR.BTKi treatment contributes to the reconstitution of immune function in CLL patients.