Abnormal activation of the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription （JAK/STAT） signaling pathway is involved in the pathogenesis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma （DLBCL）. In recent years， inhibitors targeting JAK2 and STAT3 have emerged as promising therapeutic candidates in DLBCL. This review summarizes the efficacy and safety profiles of JAK2 inhibitors （e.g.， ruxolitinib） and STAT3 inhibitors （direct small-molecule inhibitors， the antisense oligonucleotide， and proteolysis targeting chimeras， etc.） in preclinical models and clinical trials. Accumulating evidence indicates that JAK2 and STAT3 inhibitors exhibit antitumor activity and are generally well tolerated in a subset of DLBCL patients. Meanwhile， the development of novel drug delivery systems has significantly enhanced the stability， bioavailability， and targeting ability of the compounds. Furthermore， JAK2 and STAT3 inhibitors may exhibit synergistic effects when combined with other therapy strategies （such as combinations with B-cell receptor signaling pathway inhibitors， immunomodulators， or other targeted drugs）. However， current clinical applications are still in their early stages. Future research should concentrate on precision treatment strategies based on the genetic subtyping of DLBCL， and further refine the delivery systems for inhibitors as well as combination drug regimens to improve clinical outcomes.

Background The global prevalence of obesity is on the rise and is closely associated with various chronic non-communicable diseases such as cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. There is a relative lack of long-term dynamic studies on compound obesity among occupational populations. Objective To explore the changing trends of compound obesity among different occupational groups aged 18–59 years in nine provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) of China from 1993 to 2018, and to provide a scientific basis for formulating targeted weight management strategies for occupational populations. Methods A total of 34519 employed adults aged 18–59 years from nine waves of the China Health and Nutrition Survey in1993, 1997, 2000, 2004, 2006, 2009, 2011, 2015, and 2018 were included. Obesity types were determined according to the Chinese Adult Weight Management Guidelines. The Joinpoint regression model was used to calculate the average annual percentage change (AAPC) and annual percentage change (APC) of compound obesity rates. Results From 1993 to 2018, the age-standardized compound obesity rate among the occupational population aged 18–59 years showed an upward trend (AAPC=6.24%, 95%CI: 5.09%, 7.41%, P<0.05). The AAPCs (95%CI) for age-standardized compound obesity rates among agricultural workers, blue-collar workers, other occupational groups, service workers, and white-collar workers were 9.55% (7.51%, 11.64%), 6.18% (4.70%, 7.69%), 5.53% (2.27%, 8.90%), 4.07% (2.40%, 5.77%), and 3.89% (2.16%, 5.65%), respectively, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). Among males, the AAPCs (95%CI) for age-standardized compound obesity rates among agricultural workers, blue-collar workers, other occupational groups, service workers, and white-collar workers were 11.52% (7.71%, 15.47%), 7.28% (6.18%, 8.40%), 5.92% (2.28%, 9.69%), 5.56% (2.11%, 9.12%), and 4.22% (2.33%, 6.15%), respectively, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). Among females, the AAPCs (95%CI) for age-standardized compound obesity rates among agricultural workers, blue-collar workers, and white-collar workers were 7.45% (6.22%, 8.69%), 3.72% (0.84%, 6.67%), and 2.41% (0.17%, 4.70%), respectively, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). A turning point was observed in the compound obesity rate among female white-collar workers in 2006, with an APC (95%CI) of 9.69% (5.24%, 14.33%) from 2006 to 2008, showing a statistically significant difference (P<0.05), while no significant trend was found from 1993 to 2006 (P>0.05). No significant trends were observed in the age-standardized compound obesity rates among females in other occupational groups and service workers (P>0.05). Conclusion The compound obesity rate among China's occupational population is increasing rapidly, with the growth rate among agricultural workers being particularly prominent. In 2018, male white-collar workers and female agricultural workers exhibit relatively high compound obesity rates, warranting focused attention. Although the overall growth rate among service workers is slower, the expanding workforce in this sector indicates that obesity remains a serious issue. Targeted occupational health and weight management interventions are needed in the future.

Background With rising obesity rates and earlier hypertension onset among occupational populations, there is an urgent need to elucidate the long-term cardiovascular impacts of dynamic body weight patterns. Current evidence lacks trajectory modeling studies examining occupation-specific prevention strategies. Objective To investigate the association between long-term body mass index (BMI) trajectories and incident hypertension risk in Chinese working adults, and to examine occupation-specific heterogeneity in this relationship. Methods A dynamic sub-cohort of 4 413 occupational participants was constructed from ten survey waves (1991–2018) of the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS). Eligible individuals had valid key BMI records at three or more independent follow-ups before the outcome event; the individual baseline was set as the year of their first participation in the survey. Group-based trajectory modeling (GBTM) was used to identify BMI change patterns. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for hypertension incidence across trajectory groups, with stratified analysis by occupational categories. Results Among 4413 occupational participants, 1441 incident hypertension cases were reported during the follow-up window. Three long-term BMI trajectories were identified: low-stable, moderate-slowly rising, and high-rising. In Model 3 with all selected confounders adjusted, compared with the low-stable group, the moderate-slowly rising group showed a significantly higher risk of incident hypertension (HR=1.28, 95%CI: 1.12, 1.45; P < 0.001), as did the high-increasing group (HR=1.80, 95%CI: 1.45, 2.23; P < 0.001). The stratified analyses revealed occupational differences in the association. Among agricultural workers, the moderate-slowly rising group (HR=1.35, 95%CI: 1.15, 1.57) and the high-rising group (HR=2.00, 95%CI: 1.50, 2.66) both exhibited significantly increased risks of hypertension (P<0.001). Conversely, among white-collar workers, an increased risk of hypertension was observed only in the high-rising group (HR=1.97, 95%CI: 1.23, 3.17; P<0.05). Conclusion Rapid BMI escalation constitutes a significant risk factor for incident hypertension in occupational populations. Targeted long-term weight monitoring and tailored interventions are recommended for high-risk occupations.

Objective: To analyze the associations of physical activity with overweight/obesity, depressive symptoms, and their co-occurrence among junior and senior high school students, so as to provide reference for optimizing physical activity intervention strategies and promoting healthy lifestyles. Methods: From March to November 2023, a cross sectional survey was conducted among 90 457 junior and senior high school students aged 11-18 years in Zhejiang Province using a stratified cluster random sampling method. Data on physical activity and dietary behavior were collected through questionnaires, height and weight were measured. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). The Chi-square test was used to examine differences, and Logistic regression was applied to evaluate the associations of physical activity characteristics with overweight/obesity, depressive symptoms, and their co-occurrence. Additionally, the effectiveness of physical activity performed on rest days versus work days was examined. Results: The prevalence of overweight/obesity, depressive symptoms, and their co-occurrence among junior and senior high school students were 25.1%, 27.9%, and 6.7%, respectively, with significant sex differences ( χ 2=2 005.3, 587.7, 99.6, all P <0.01). Logistic regression analysis showed that students with insufficient physical activity had a higher risk of overweight/obesity compared with those with sufficient physical activity ( OR=1.12, 95%CI=1.06-1.17, P <0.01). Comparing to students who exercised 0-1 day per week, those who exercised 5-7 days per week were associated with a reduced risk of overweight/obesity and depressive symptoms ( OR=0.93, 95%CI =0.90-0.97; OR=0.95, 95%CI =0.91-0.99, both P <0.05). When total activity volume and frequency were held constant, students with sufficient rest day physical activity had lower risks of overweight/obesity, depressive symptoms, and their co-occurrence than those with insufficient rest day activity (all P < 0.01). Conclusions Sufficient amount of physical activity and higher frequency of rest day physical activity are significantly associated with lower risks of overweight/obesity, depressive symptoms, and their co-occurrence in adolescents. Physical activity performed on rest days may confer greater health benefits than activity performed on work days.

ObjectiveTo investigate the present situation of input, output, outcome and impact of all registered community-based rehabilitation stations in Inner Mongolia in China, and analyze how the input predict the output, outcome and impact. MethodsFrom March 1st to April 30th, 2025, a questionnaire survey was conducted on all registered community-based rehabilitation stations in Inner Mongolia, covering four dimensions: input, output, outcome and impact. A total of 1 365 questionnaires were distributed. The input included four items: laws and policies, human resources, equipment and facilities, and rehabilitation information management. The output included two items: technical paths and benefits/effectiveness. The outcome included three items: coverage rates, rehabilitation interventions and functional results. The impact included two items: health and sustainability. Each item contained several questions, all of which were described in a positive way. Each question was scored from one to five. A lower score indicated that the situation of the community-based rehabilitation station was more in line with the content described in the question. Regression analysis was performed using the total score of each item of input dimension as independent variables, and the total scores of the output, outcome and impact dimensions as dependent variables. ResultsA total of 1 262 valid questionnaires were collected. The mean values of input, output, outcome and impact of community-based rehabilitation stations were 1.827 to 1.904, with coefficient of variation of 45.892% to 49.239%. The regression analysis showed that, rehabilitation information management, human resources, and laws and policies significantly predicted the output dimension (R² = 0.910, P < 0.001). Meanwhile, all four items in the input dimension predicted both the outcome (R² = 0.850, P < 0.001) and impact dimensions (R² = 0.833, P < 0.001). ConclusionInput, output, outcome and impact of the community-based rehabilitation stations in Inner Mongolia were generally in line with the content of the questions, although some imbalances were observed. Additionally, the input of community-based rehabilitation stations could significantly predict their output, outcome and impact.

BACKGROUND:Osteoarthritis is a chronic degenerative disease of the joints that can lead to disability.Its main pathological features are persistent inflammation and cartilage destruction.Triptolide has been used to treat a variety of chronic joint diseases.However,the mechanism of triptolide in the treatment of osteoarthritis has not been clarifiedOBJECTIVE:To identify the effective targets of triptolide in the treatment of osteoarthritis by network pharmacology,and to investigate the therapeutic effect of triptolide on osteoarthritis in the osteoarthritis model.METHODS:Network pharmacology was used to anticipate the potential targets and signaling pathways of triptolide in the treatment of osteoarthritis,and molecular docking technology was used to validate the core targets.A rat osteoarthritis model was established by anterior cruciate ligament transection.Eight weeks after modeling,the rats were administered with triptolide and sodium hyaluronate by intra-articular injection for 6 weeks.After 6 weeks of intervention,the pathological changes in rat knee joints were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining and safranin O-fast green staining.The levels of inflammatory factors in rat serum were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The expression of aggrecan,type Ⅰ platelet-responsive protein-containing desmoglein metalloproteinase 5,type Ⅱ collagen and matrix metalloproteinase 13 proteins in rat articular cartilage was tested by immunohistochemical staining.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The results of network pharmacology indicated that the target of triptolide may be related to the inhibition of the release of factors such as interleukin 6,tumor necrosis factor a,interleukin 1β,matrix metalloproteinase 9,and the over-activation of the nuclear factor-κB/JAK2-STAT3 signaling pathway.(2)Triptplide could reduce the degree of joint swelling in osteoarthritic rats;pathologically improve the articular cartilage and maintain the cartilage structure;decrease the serum levels of interleukin 6,tumor necrosis factor a,interleukin 1β,matrix metalloproteinase 9,and matrix metalloproteinase 3 in osteoarthritic rats;reduce the protein expression of matrix metalloproteinase 13 and type Ⅰ platelet-responsive protein-containing desmoglein metalloproteinase 5 in the articular cartilage;and increase the expression of type Ⅱ collagen and aggrecan in the cartilage,thereby achieving cartilage protection.

BACKGROUND:Osteoarthritis is a chronic degenerative disease of the joints that can lead to disability.Its main pathological features are persistent inflammation and cartilage destruction.Triptolide has been used to treat a variety of chronic joint diseases.However,the mechanism of triptolide in the treatment of osteoarthritis has not been clarifiedOBJECTIVE:To identify the effective targets of triptolide in the treatment of osteoarthritis by network pharmacology,and to investigate the therapeutic effect of triptolide on osteoarthritis in the osteoarthritis model.METHODS:Network pharmacology was used to anticipate the potential targets and signaling pathways of triptolide in the treatment of osteoarthritis,and molecular docking technology was used to validate the core targets.A rat osteoarthritis model was established by anterior cruciate ligament transection.Eight weeks after modeling,the rats were administered with triptolide and sodium hyaluronate by intra-articular injection for 6 weeks.After 6 weeks of intervention,the pathological changes in rat knee joints were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining and safranin O-fast green staining.The levels of inflammatory factors in rat serum were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The expression of aggrecan,type Ⅰ platelet-responsive protein-containing desmoglein metalloproteinase 5,type Ⅱ collagen and matrix metalloproteinase 13 proteins in rat articular cartilage was tested by immunohistochemical staining.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The results of network pharmacology indicated that the target of triptolide may be related to the inhibition of the release of factors such as interleukin 6,tumor necrosis factor a,interleukin 1β,matrix metalloproteinase 9,and the over-activation of the nuclear factor-κB/JAK2-STAT3 signaling pathway.(2)Triptplide could reduce the degree of joint swelling in osteoarthritic rats;pathologically improve the articular cartilage and maintain the cartilage structure;decrease the serum levels of interleukin 6,tumor necrosis factor a,interleukin 1β,matrix metalloproteinase 9,and matrix metalloproteinase 3 in osteoarthritic rats;reduce the protein expression of matrix metalloproteinase 13 and type Ⅰ platelet-responsive protein-containing desmoglein metalloproteinase 5 in the articular cartilage;and increase the expression of type Ⅱ collagen and aggrecan in the cartilage,thereby achieving cartilage protection.

Methods: Seventy-five patients with atlas fracture were included from January 2015 to December 2020. Based on the anatomy of the fracture line, atlas fractures were divided into three types. Each type was divided into two subtypes according to the fracture displacement. Unweighted Cohen kappa coefficients were applied to evaluate the reliability and reproducibility. Results: According to the new classification, 17 cases of type A1, 12 of type A2, seven of type B1, 13 of type B2, 12 of type C1, and 14 of type C2 were identified. The K-values of the interobserver and intraobserver reliability were 0.846 and 0.912, respectively, for the new classification. The K-values of interobserver reliability for types A, B, and C were 0.843, 0.799, and 0.898, respectively. The K-values of intraobserver reliability for types A, B, and C were 0.888, 0.910, and 0.935, respectively. The mean K-values of the interobserver and intraobserver reliability for subtypes were 0.687 and 0.829, respectively. Conclusions The new classification of atlas fractures can cover nearly all atlas fractures. This system is the first to evaluate the severity of fractures based on the C1 articular facet and fracture displacement and strengthen the anatomy ring of the atlas. It is concise, easy to remember, reliable, and reproducible.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of different concentrations of Shaoyaotang-containing serum on lipopolysaccharide （LPS）-induced inflammation of human colorectal adenocarcinoma （Caco-2） cells by inhibiting apoptosis via activating the tumor necrosis factor （TNF） receptor superfamily member 6 （Fas）/Fas ligand （FasL） pathway. MethodsCaco-2 cells were allocated into blank， model （LPS， 10 mg·L^-1）， Shaoyaotang-containing serum （5%， 10%， 15%， 20%）， and Fas inhibitor （KR-33493， 20 mmol·L^-1） groups. Except the blank group， the other groups were stimulated with 10 mg·L^-1 LPS for 24 h for the modeling of inflammation. After successful modeling， the blank， Fas inhibitor， and model groups were treated with blank serum， and the Shaoyaotang-containing serum groups were treated with the serum samples at corresponding concentrations for 24 h. The Fas inhibitor group was subjected to KR-33493 pretreatment for 1 h. Cell proliferation and viability were examined by the cell-counting kit-8 （CCK-8） method. The levels of interleukin （IL）-6， IL-1β， and TNF-α were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. The protein and mRNA levels of Fas， FasL， cysteinyl aspartate-specific proteinase （Caspase）-3， Caspase-9， B-cell lymphoma 2 （Bcl-2）， and Bcl-2-associated X protein （Bax） were determined by Western blot and Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR）， respectively. ResultsCompared with the blank group， the model group presented a decrease in cell survival rate （P<0.01）. Compared with that in the model group， the cell survival rate showed no significant change in the 5% Shaoyaotang-containing serum group but increased in the 10%， 15%， and 20% Shaoyaotang-containing serum groups （P<0.01）. Since there was no statistical difference between the 5% Shaoyaotang-containing serum group and the model group， 10%， 15%， and 20% Shaoyaotang-containing sera were selected for the follow-up study. Compared with the blank group， the model group showed risen levels of IL-6， IL-1β， and TNF-α （P<0.01）， an increased apoptosis rate （P<0.01）， up-regulated protein and mRNA levels of Fas， FasL， Caspase-3， Caspase-9， and Bax （P<0.01）， and down-regulated protein and mRNA levels of Bcl-2 （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the Fas inhibitor group and the 10%， 15%， and 20% Shaoyaotang-containing serum groups showed declined levels of IL-6， IL-1β， and TNF-α （P<0.01）， decreased apoptosis rates （P<0.01）， down-regulated protein and mRNA levels of Fas， FasL， Caspase-3， Caspase-9， and Bax （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and up-regulated protein and mRNA levels of Bcl-2 （P<0.05， P<0.01）. In addition， the 15% and 20% Shaoyaotang-containing serum groups had lower levels of IL-6， IL-1β， and TNF-α （P<0.05， P<0.01）， lower apoptosis rates （P<0.05， P<0.01）， lower protein and mRNA levels of Fas， FasL， Caspase-3， Caspase-9， and Bax （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and higher protein and mRNA levels of Bcl-2 （P<0.05， P<0.01） than the 10% Shaoyaotang-containing serum group. ConclusionThe Shaoyaotang-containing serum can reduce the content of inflammatory factors in Caco-2 cells， down-regulate the protein and mRNA levels of Fas， FasL， Caspase-3， Caspase-9， and Bax， and up-regulate the protein and mRNA levels of Bcl-2 under the intervention of LPS by regulating the Fas/FasL pathway and inhibiting the apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells in ulcerative colitis.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of different concentrations of Shaoyaotang-containing serum on lipopolysaccharide （LPS）-induced inflammation of human colorectal adenocarcinoma （Caco-2） cells by inhibiting apoptosis via activating the tumor necrosis factor （TNF） receptor superfamily member 6 （Fas）/Fas ligand （FasL） pathway. MethodsCaco-2 cells were allocated into blank， model （LPS， 10 mg·L^-1）， Shaoyaotang-containing serum （5%， 10%， 15%， 20%）， and Fas inhibitor （KR-33493， 20 mmol·L^-1） groups. Except the blank group， the other groups were stimulated with 10 mg·L^-1 LPS for 24 h for the modeling of inflammation. After successful modeling， the blank， Fas inhibitor， and model groups were treated with blank serum， and the Shaoyaotang-containing serum groups were treated with the serum samples at corresponding concentrations for 24 h. The Fas inhibitor group was subjected to KR-33493 pretreatment for 1 h. Cell proliferation and viability were examined by the cell-counting kit-8 （CCK-8） method. The levels of interleukin （IL）-6， IL-1β， and TNF-α were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. The protein and mRNA levels of Fas， FasL， cysteinyl aspartate-specific proteinase （Caspase）-3， Caspase-9， B-cell lymphoma 2 （Bcl-2）， and Bcl-2-associated X protein （Bax） were determined by Western blot and Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR）， respectively. ResultsCompared with the blank group， the model group presented a decrease in cell survival rate （P<0.01）. Compared with that in the model group， the cell survival rate showed no significant change in the 5% Shaoyaotang-containing serum group but increased in the 10%， 15%， and 20% Shaoyaotang-containing serum groups （P<0.01）. Since there was no statistical difference between the 5% Shaoyaotang-containing serum group and the model group， 10%， 15%， and 20% Shaoyaotang-containing sera were selected for the follow-up study. Compared with the blank group， the model group showed risen levels of IL-6， IL-1β， and TNF-α （P<0.01）， an increased apoptosis rate （P<0.01）， up-regulated protein and mRNA levels of Fas， FasL， Caspase-3， Caspase-9， and Bax （P<0.01）， and down-regulated protein and mRNA levels of Bcl-2 （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the Fas inhibitor group and the 10%， 15%， and 20% Shaoyaotang-containing serum groups showed declined levels of IL-6， IL-1β， and TNF-α （P<0.01）， decreased apoptosis rates （P<0.01）， down-regulated protein and mRNA levels of Fas， FasL， Caspase-3， Caspase-9， and Bax （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and up-regulated protein and mRNA levels of Bcl-2 （P<0.05， P<0.01）. In addition， the 15% and 20% Shaoyaotang-containing serum groups had lower levels of IL-6， IL-1β， and TNF-α （P<0.05， P<0.01）， lower apoptosis rates （P<0.05， P<0.01）， lower protein and mRNA levels of Fas， FasL， Caspase-3， Caspase-9， and Bax （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and higher protein and mRNA levels of Bcl-2 （P<0.05， P<0.01） than the 10% Shaoyaotang-containing serum group. ConclusionThe Shaoyaotang-containing serum can reduce the content of inflammatory factors in Caco-2 cells， down-regulate the protein and mRNA levels of Fas， FasL， Caspase-3， Caspase-9， and Bax， and up-regulate the protein and mRNA levels of Bcl-2 under the intervention of LPS by regulating the Fas/FasL pathway and inhibiting the apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells in ulcerative colitis.