Objective To analyze the genetic subtypes of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and the prevalence of pretreatment drug resistance in the newly reported HIV-infected men in Guangxi. Methods The stratified random sampling method was employed to select the newly reported HIV-infected men aged≥50 years old in 14 cities of Guangxi from January to June in 2020.The pol gene of HIV-1 was amplified by nested reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and then sequenced.The mutation sites associated with drug resistance and the degree of drug resistance were then analyzed. Results A total of 615 HIV-infected men were included in the study.The genetic subtypes of CRF01_AE,CRF07_BC,and CRF08_BC accounted for 57.4% (353/615),17.1% (105/615),and 22.4% (138/615),respectively.The mutations associated with the resistance to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI),non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI),and protease inhibitors occurred in 8 (1.3%),18 (2.9%),and 0 patients,respectively.M184V (0.7%) and K103N (1.8%) were the mutations with the highest occurrence rates for the resistance to NRTIs and NNRTIs,respectively.Twenty-two (3.6%) patients were resistant to at least one type of inhibitors.Specifically,4 (0.7%),14 (2.3%),4 (0.7%),and 0 patients were resistant to NRTIs,NNRTIs,both NRTIs and NNRTIs,and protease inhibitors,respectively.The pretreatment resistance to NNRTIs had much higher frequency than that to NRTIs (2.9% vs.1.3%;χ²=3.929,P=0.047).The prevalence of pretreatment resistance to lamivudine,zidovudine,tenofovir,abacavir,rilpivirine,efavirenz,nevirapine,and lopinavir/ritonavir was 0.8%, 0.3%, 0.7%, 1.0%, 1.3%, 2.8%, 2.9%, and 0, respectively. Conclusions CRF01_AE,CRF07_BC,and CRF08_BC are the three major strains of HIV-infected men≥50 years old newly reported in Guangxi,2020,and the pretreatment drug resistance demonstrates low prevalence.
Male ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors/therapeutic use* ; HIV Infections/drug therapy* ; Drug Resistance, Viral/genetics* ; China/epidemiology* ; Mutation ; HIV-1/genetics* ; Protease Inhibitors/therapeutic use* ; Genotype

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effect of clinical features, routine laboratory examination and related gene mutation on the OS of patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). METHODS: 121 patients diagnosed as MDS and underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from October 2013 to August 2018 were selected. Basic information of the patients was collected, and blood cells, bone marrow blasts at initial diagnosis, chromosomal karyotypes and gene mutations of the patients were detected.The effect of different factors on overall survival (OS) was analyzed by statistical method. RESULTS: Kaplan-Meier univariate analysis shows that OS was significanly different among different age groups. The 3-year OS rate of patients aged 0-29 years was (83.3±7.7) %, the 3-year OS rate in patients aged 30-49 years was (58.1±7.7 %), and the 3-year OS rate of patients aged 50-69 years was (31.0±22.6) %, which was statistically different (P＜0.05) between different groups. There were also significant differences in OS among patients with different transplantation types. 3-year OS rate: HLA-matched sibling HSCT＞unrelated HLA-matched HSCT＞haploidentical HSCT＞micro HSCT. The OS rate of patients with bone marrow blasts≥10% seems lower than blasts＜10%, but there was no statistical difference.The 3-year OS rate of patients with chromosomal karyotype complex abnormality was (47.7±11.5) %, and that of patients without complex abnormality was (80±4.2) % which was statistical difference (P＜0.05). Patients with DNMT3A, NRAS, TP53 and GATA2 mutations had shorter OS time compared with patients without mutation of these genes, which shows statistically significant (P＜0.05). COX multivariate analysis showed that age, chromosome karyotype, DNMT3A, TET2, GATA2 and NRAS were the independent factors influencing OS of patients after HSCT, with statistically significant difference. CONCLUSION age of patients, donor selection of HSCT, chromosome karyotype, DNMT3A, NRAS, TP53, GATA2 and TET2 gene mutations are all independent factors affecting the OS of patients after HSCT. Therefore, the assessment of the OS of MDS patients with transplantation requires comprehensive consideration.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Middle Aged ; Myelodysplastic Syndromes ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Siblings ; Survival Analysis ; Young Adult

To scientifically evaluate the intervention effect of Chinese medicine preventive administration(combined use of Huo-xiang Zhengqi Oral Liquid and Jinhao Jiere Granules) on community population in the case of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19), a large cohort, prospective, randomized, and parallel-controlled clinical study was conducted. Total 22 065 subjects were included and randomly divided into 2 groups. The non-intervention group was given health guidance only, while the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) intervention group was given two coordinated TCM in addition to health guidance. The medical instructions were as follows. Huoxiang Zhengqi Oral Liquid: oral before meals, 10 mL/time, 2 times/day, a course of 5 days. Jinhao Jiere Granules: dissolve in boiling water and take after meals, 8 g/time, 2 times/day, a course of 5 days, followed up for 14 days, respectively. The study found that with the intake of medication, the incidence rate of TCM intervention group was basically maintained at a low and continuous stable level(0.01%-0.02%), while the non-intervention group showed an overall trend of continuous growth(0.02%-0.18%) from 3 to 14 days. No suspected or confirmed COVID-19 case occurred in either group. There were 2 cases of colds in the TCM intervention group and 26 cases in the non-intervention group. The incidence of colds in the TCM intervention group was significantly lower(P<0.05) than that in the non-intervention group. In the population of 16-60 years old, the incidence rate of non-intervention and intervention groups were 0.01% and 0.25%, respectively. The difference of colds incidence between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05). In the population older than 60 years old, they were 0.04% and 0.21%, respectively. The incidence of colds in the non-intervention group was higher than that in the intervention group, but not reaching statistical difference. The protection rate of TCM for the whole population was 91.8%, especially for the population of age 16-60(95.0%). It was suggested that TCM intervention(combined use of Huoxiang Zhengqi Oral Liquid and Jinhao Jiere Granules) could effectively protect community residents against respiratory diseases, such as colds, which was worthy of promotion in the community. In addition, in terms of safety, the incidence of adverse events and adverse reactions in the TCM intervention group was relatively low, which was basically consistent with the drug instructions.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Betacoronavirus ; Coronavirus Infections ; drug therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Middle Aged ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral ; drug therapy ; Prospective Studies ; Young Adult

Sarcopenia is a process in which skeletal muscle mass and strength are gradually declining, resulting a main health challenge for the old adults. Mitochondria can maintain the integrity of structure and function of skeletal muscle by improving biosynthesis, antioxidant defense, fusion/fission dynamics and mitophagy. Mitochondrial dysfunction is a important factor leading to the complex etiology of sarcopenia. Exercise can regulate mitochondrial quality control pathways by activating mitochondrial biogenesis and mitophagy to maintain optimal mitochondrial function, thereby delaying and preventing the onset and progression of sarcopenia.

Objective To detect ASXL1 gene variants among patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and explore their correlation with variants of other genes and clinical features of patients.Methods For 149 patients with MDS,genomic DNA was amplified by PCR and subject to direct sequencing to identify variants of ASXL1,U2AF1,SF3B1,DNMT3A,TET2,IDH1/2,NPM1,FLT3-ITD and C-KIT genes.Results ASXL1 variants were found among 37 patients (24.8％).Other commonly mutated genes included U2AF1 (22.8％),TET2 (11.4％),DNMT3A (9.4％),NPM1 (8.1％) and SF3B1 (6.0％).The frequency of concurrent U2AF1 and TET2 variants among patients with ASXL1 variants was slightly higher than that of wild-type patients.No significant difference was found in median age,MDS subtype,karyotype,peripheral leukocytes,hemoglobin,platelet levels,and bone marrow blast counts between the ASXL1-variant and the wild-type groups (P＞0.05).Twenty-nine patients harboring ASXL1 variants were followed up,37.9％ progressed to acute myeloid leukemia (AML).The rate of transformation in ASXL1-variant group was significantly higher than the wild-type group (37.9 ％ vs.14.1％,P＜0.01).Conclusion ASXL1showed a high frequency of variant among MDS patients,which was frequently accompanied with U2AF1 and TET2 variants.Compared with the wild type group,patients with ASXL1 variants were more likely to progress to AML.

Objective: To investigate the current status and real performance of the detection of RUNX1-RUNX1T1 fusion transcript levels and WT1 transcript levels in China through interlaboratory comparison. Methods: Peking University People's Hospital (PKUPH) prepared the samples for comparison. That is, the fresh RUNX1-RUNX1T1 positive (+) bone morrow nucleated cells were serially diluted with RUNX1-RUNX1T1 negative (-) nucleated cells from different patients. Totally 23 sets with 14 different samples per set were prepared. TRIzol reagent was added in each tube and thoroughly mixed with cells for homogenization. Each laboratory simultaneously tested RUNX1-RUNX1T1 and WT1 transcript levels of one set of samples by real-time quantitative PCR method. All transcript levels were reported as the percentage of RUNX1-RUNX1T1 or WT1 transcript copies/ABL copies. Spearman correlation coefficient between the reported transcript levels of each participated laboratory and those of PKUPH was calculated. Results: ①RUNX1-RUNX1T1 comparison: 9 samples were (+) and 5 were (-) , the false negative and positive rates of the 20 participated laboratories were 0 (0/180) and 5% (5/100) , respectively. The reported transcript levels of all 9 positive samples were different among laboratories. The median reported transcript levels of 9 positive samples were from 0.060% to 176.7%, which covered 3.5-log. The ratios of each sample's highest to the lowest reported transcript levels were from 5.5 to 12.3 (one result which obviously deviated from other laboratories' results was not included) , 85% (17/20) of the laboratories had correlation coefficient ≥0.98. ②WT1 comparison: The median reported transcript levels of all 14 samples were from 0.17% to 67.6%, which covered 2.6-log. The ratios of each sample's highest to the lowest reported transcript levels were from 5.3-13.7, 62% (13/21) of the laboratories had correlation coefficient ≥0.98. ③ The relative relationship of the reported RUNX1-RUNX1T1 transcript levels between the participants and PKUPH was not always consistent with that of WT1 transcript levels. Both RUNX1-RUNX1T1 and WT1 transcript levels from 2 and 7 laboratories were individually lower than and higher than those of PKUPH, whereas for the rest 11 laboratories, one transcript level was higher than and the other was lower than that of PKUPH. Conclusion: The reported RUNX1-RUNX1T1 and WT1 transcript levels were different among laboratories for the same sample. Most of the participated laboratories reported highly consistent result with that of PKUPH. The relationship between laboratories of the different transcript levels may not be the same.
China ; Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; RUNX1 Translocation Partner 1 Protein ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Transcription, Genetic ; WT1 Proteins

OBJECTIVE: To study the correlation of hematomorphology, bone marrow cytogenetics and clinical biochemical parameters with the prognosis of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with bone marrow invasion. METHODS: Morphological analysis of bone marrow cells was performed by routine bone marrow puncture.Chromosome samples were prepared by short-term bone marrow culture. Karyotype analysis was carried out by R-banding in 28 patients. P53 gene was detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) of all patients was determined and compared. RESULTS: In all patients, bone marrow morphology showed invasion of lymphoma. Chromosome analysis revealed abnormal karyotypes in 19 cases, which yielded an incidence of 67.85%. The proportion of lymphoma cells in bone marrow among those with an abnormal karyotype was much higher than those with a normal karyotype (60.2% vs. 33.5%, P<0.05). FISH assay showed that 9 (32.14%) patients had P53 gene deletion. And the deletion was much more common among those with an abnormal karyotype (42.11% vs. 11.11%, P<0.05). The serum LDH level in patients with an abnormal karyotype was significantly higher compared with whose with a normal karyotype (1464.37 U/L vs. 294.33 U/L, P<0.05). CONCLUSION Patients with abnormal karyotypes have a higher rate of P53 gene deletion, and their LDH level is significantly higher than those with a normal karyotype, which predicted a relatively poor prognosis.
Adult ; Bone Marrow ; Child ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Karyotyping ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin

Human APOBEC3G (hA3G) is a cytidine deaminase which inhibits HIV-1 replication. The HIV-1 accessory protein viral infectivity factor (Vif) counteracts with hA3G by targeting it for proteasomal degradation. In this work, we constructed and optimized molecular models of the hA3G dimer and the hA3G-Vif complex. The molecular modeling study revealed that the loop7 motif of hA3G appears on the interfaces of both the hA3G-Vif complex and the hA3G dimer. Biochemical analysis provided evidence suggesting that binding of Vif to hA3G results in steric blocking of hA3G dimerization, implying that monomeric hA3G serves as a substrate for Vif-mediated degradation. Furthermore, we presented evidence for the important roles of the loop7 motif, especially the central residues within the region, in hA3G dimerization, hA3G--Vif interaction, Vif-mediated hA3G degradation as well as subcellular localization of hA3G. This work highlights a multiple-task interface formed by loop7 motif, which regulates biological function of hA3G, thus providing the feasibility of the strategy of blocking Vif-mediated A3G degradation by targeting the putative site around loop7.

Purpose To evaluate the application value of using a-cyanoacrylate rapid medical glue in preoperative localization of ground-glass nodules under CT guidance.Materials and Methods 48 cases were retrospectively analyzed,in which the pulmonary ground-glass nodules took preoperative localization under CT guidance.The rapid medical glue was injected in pulmonary ground-glass nodules,which was used for preoperative localization.Results After preoperative localization of rapid medical glue in 48 cases,pulmonary ground-glass nodules of all patients were resected successfully by video-assisted thoracoscope surgery (VATS).The complications of pneumothorax did not occur in all cases,with little pulmonary hemorrhagein in 10 cases.Conclusion When the fast medical glue has been used in the CT-guided preoperative localization of ground-glass nodules,there are advantages of high accuracy of localization and surgery.Moreover,this method is simple,safe and effective.