Objective To develop a fused model based on combined intratumor-peritumor radiomics features and clinical risk factors to accurately predict the efficacy of radiotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 124 HCC patients(95 males and 29 females)undergoing IMRT at the radiotherapy center of some hospital,who were divided into a training set and a validation set in a 7∶3 ratio.According to relevant standards for evaluating solid tumor treatment efficacy the patients at the progressive disease phase were enrolled into a non-response group,and the ones at the phases of complete response,partial response and stable disease were included into a response group.Firstly,radiomics features were extracted from pre-radiotherapy contrast-enhanced CT images,and were screened with the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO)regression to obtain valuable radiomics features;secondly,the scores of intratumor radiomics features,peritumor radiomics features and combined intratumor-peritumor radiomics features underwent binary Logistic regression(LR)analysis by using the glmnet package in R software(version 4.2.0),so as to construct three models for intratumor radiomics features,peritumor radiomics features and combined intratumor-peritumor radiomics features;finally,a fused model was established based on the scores of combined intratumor-peritumor radiomics features and clinical risk factors,and the corresponding Nomogram,calibration curve and clinical decision curve were plotted.R software(version 4.4.1)was used for image analysis and statistical analysis.Results The fused model based on the scores of combined intratumor-peritumor radiomics features and clinical risk factors achieved an AUC of 0.87 on both the training and validation sets,outperforming the models based solely on intratumor radiomics features,peritumor radiomics features or combined intratumor-peritumor radiomics features.The Nomogram plot showed the prediction probability of the fused model for the short-term treatment response rate was 10%-90%within the total score range of 42-93 points,and the calibration and clinical decision curves indicated that the fused model gained advantages in prediction and clinical application.Conclusion The fused model based on the scores of combined intratumor-peritumor radiomics features and clinical risk factors predicts the short-term efficacy of HCC radiotherapy effectively,providing references for formulating radiotherapy plans and guiding subsequent treatment decisions.

Alzheimer's disease(AD), a neurodegenerative disorder associated with aging, is the most prevalent form of dementia.As the aging population continues to expand, AD presents significant health and caregiving challenges for families and society, making it a pressing international public health concern.In recent years, numerous countries have implemented dementia prevention and treatment strategies that emphasize community-based comprehensive approaches.Currently, the community-based AD prevention and treatment model in China is still in the exploratory phase, with community efforts lacking organization.In alignment with China's action plan for advancing dementia prevention and treatment, and to achieve the strategic objective of "healthy aging, " this consensus is based on the principle of three-level prevention and is tailored to the characteristics of AD disease progression.It aims to develop a comprehensive prevention and treatment strategy for AD that is suitable for communities in China, providing technical guidance and support to establish a scientific basis for formulating community AD prevention and treatment models.

Objective:This study identifies independent predictive indicators to distinguish autoimmune gastritis from Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori)-induced atrophic gastritis and validates their diagnostic performance to compare laboratory indicators of autoimmune gastritis and H. pylori-induced atrophic gastritis. Methods:A retrospective comparison of laboratory examination indicators was conducted for chronic atrophic gastritis patients with involvement of the gastric fundus and corpus, who were followed up at the Department of Gastroenterology, Xijing Hospital, from January 2014 to September 2024. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were utilized to determine the optimal cutoff points and corresponding diagnostic thresholds. In addition, multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify independent predictive indicators for autoimmune gastritis, with further assessment in a validation cohort.Results:A total of 139 patients with autoimmune gastritis and 209 patients with H. pylori-induced atrophic gastritis were included. Pepsinogen (PG) Ⅰ levels and the PG Ⅰ/PG Ⅱ ratio in patients with autoimmune gastritis were significantly lower than in those with H. pylori-induced atrophic gastritis [11.0 (4.8, 22.5) vs. 41.8 (32.2, 59.9) μg/L, U=722.00, P<0.001; 1.24 (0.75, 3.54) vs. 5.76 (4.31, 7.12), U=817.00, P<0.001], while gastrin levels were significantly higher [375 (84, 738) vs. 49 (35, 81) ng/L, U=378.00, P<0.001]. PG Ⅰ was identified as an independent predictive variable, with an area under the ROC curve of 0.847 (95% CI 0.791-0.904), sensitivity of 77.6%, specificity of 91.8%, positive predictive value of 80.5%, and negative predictive value of 90.5%. Conclusions:Significant differences in laboratory indicators were observed between autoimmune gastritis and H. pylori-induced atrophic gastritis in chronic atrophic gastritis involving gastric fundus and corpus. Besides, PG Ⅰ demonstrated good diagnostic performance in identifying autoimmune gastritis and can effectively differentiate between different types of atrophic gastritis.

Objective:To investigate the clinical demand for subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) with pet allergens and explore the sensitization characteristics of patients undergoing pet SCIT.Methods:A cross-sectional retrospective analysis was conducted on patients diagnosed with pet allergies and treated with pet allergen SCIT in our outpatient clinic from January 2019 to December 2023. Patients were categorized into three groups based on the type of SCIT received: single-cat SCIT group, single-dog SCIT group, and combined cat-dog SCIT group.Results:A total of 931 patients were included, the age range was 5-65 years (median age of 30 years), with 283 male and 648 female. Among them, 67.7%( n=630) received single-cat SCIT, 10.9% ( n=102)received single-dog SCIT, and 21.4% ( n=199) received combined cat-dog SCIT. The number of patients receiving pet allergen SCIT increased annually. Patients in the single-dog SCIT group were significantly older than those in the other two groups ( H=41.329, P<0.001) and had a lower prevalence of allergic rhinitis (91.2% vs. 96.5% and 98.5%; χ2=10.400, P=0.006). In the combined cat-dog SCIT group, the allergy rate to mold allergens was significantly higher than in the single-cat SCIT group (12.6% vs. 4.9%, χ2=13.965, P=0.001). In the single-dog SCIT group, the allergy rate to spring pollen allergens was significantly higher than in the other two groups ( χ2=15.731, P<0.001), and the allergy rate to autumn pollen allergens was significantly higher than in the single-cat SCIT group ( χ2=13.459, P=0.001). There was no significant difference in the dust mite allergy rate among the three groups( χ2=4.117, P=0.129). In the single-dog SCIT group, patients with asthma were significantly older than those without asthma (41.2 vs. 35.2 years old, t=-2.073, P=0.041). In both the single-cat and single-dog SCIT groups, the proportion of allergic rhinitis in the asthma group(91.2%,78.3%) was significantly lower than that in the non-asthma group(97.4%,94.9%) ( χ2=8.863,6.158; P=0.008,0.026). In the single-cat SCIT group, non-asthmatic patients were significantly more likely to receive SCIT combined with spring pollen allergens compared to asthmatic patients (23.9% vs. 11.0%, χ2=7.586, P=0.006). Conclusions:The demand for pet allergen SCIT has steadily increased over the years, with a predominance of female patients. Sensitization profiles varied among patients receiving SCIT for different pet allergens. This study comprehensively elucidates the clinical demand and sensitization characteristics of patients undergoing pet allergen SCIT, providing valuable reference data for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Objective:To establish venetoclax-resistant acute myeloid leukemia(AML)cell lines,assess the sensitivity of venetoclax-resistant cell lines to the BCL-2 protein family,and investigate their resistance mechanisms.Methods:CCK-8 method was used to screen AML cell lines(MV4-11,MOLM13,OCI-AML2)that were relatively sensitive to venetoclax.Low concentrations of venetoclax continuously induced drug-resistance development in the cell lines.Changes in cell viability and apoptosis rate before and after resistance development were measured using the CCK-8 method and flow cytometry.BH3 profiling assay was performed to anayze the transform of mitochondrion-dependent apoptosis pathway as well as the sensitivity of resistant cell lines to BCL-2 family proteins and small molecule inhibitors.Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR)was utilized to examine changes in the expression levels of BCL-2 protein family members in both venetoclax-resistant cell lines and multidrug-resistant patients.Results:Venetoclax-resistant cell lines of MV4-11,MOLM13,and OCI-AML2 were successfully established,with IC50 values exceeding 10-fold.Under the same concentration of venetoclax,the apoptosis rate of resistant cells decreased significantly(P＜0.05).BH3 profiling assay revealed that the drug-resistant cell lines showed increased sensitivity to many pro-apoptotic proteins(such as BIM,BID and NOXA).RT-qPCR showed significantly upregulated MCL1 and downregulated NOXA1 were detected in drug-resistant cell lines.Expression changes in MCL1 and NOXA1 in venetoclax-resistant patients were consistent with our established drug-resistant cell line results.Conclusion:The venetoclax-resistant AML cell lines were successfully established through continuous induction with low concentrations of venetoclax.The venetoclax resistance resulted in alterations in the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway of the cells and an increased sensitivity of cells to pro-apoptotic proteins BIM,BID,and NOXA,which may be associated with the upregulation of MCL1 expression and downregulation of NOXA1 expression in the drug-resistant cells.

Alzheimer's disease(AD), a neurodegenerative disorder associated with aging, is the most prevalent form of dementia.As the aging population continues to expand, AD presents significant health and caregiving challenges for families and society, making it a pressing international public health concern.In recent years, numerous countries have implemented dementia prevention and treatment strategies that emphasize community-based comprehensive approaches.Currently, the community-based AD prevention and treatment model in China is still in the exploratory phase, with community efforts lacking organization.In alignment with China's action plan for advancing dementia prevention and treatment, and to achieve the strategic objective of "healthy aging, " this consensus is based on the principle of three-level prevention and is tailored to the characteristics of AD disease progression.It aims to develop a comprehensive prevention and treatment strategy for AD that is suitable for communities in China, providing technical guidance and support to establish a scientific basis for formulating community AD prevention and treatment models.

Objective:This study identifies independent predictive indicators to distinguish autoimmune gastritis from Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori)-induced atrophic gastritis and validates their diagnostic performance to compare laboratory indicators of autoimmune gastritis and H. pylori-induced atrophic gastritis. Methods:A retrospective comparison of laboratory examination indicators was conducted for chronic atrophic gastritis patients with involvement of the gastric fundus and corpus, who were followed up at the Department of Gastroenterology, Xijing Hospital, from January 2014 to September 2024. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were utilized to determine the optimal cutoff points and corresponding diagnostic thresholds. In addition, multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify independent predictive indicators for autoimmune gastritis, with further assessment in a validation cohort.Results:A total of 139 patients with autoimmune gastritis and 209 patients with H. pylori-induced atrophic gastritis were included. Pepsinogen (PG) Ⅰ levels and the PG Ⅰ/PG Ⅱ ratio in patients with autoimmune gastritis were significantly lower than in those with H. pylori-induced atrophic gastritis [11.0 (4.8, 22.5) vs. 41.8 (32.2, 59.9) μg/L, U=722.00, P<0.001; 1.24 (0.75, 3.54) vs. 5.76 (4.31, 7.12), U=817.00, P<0.001], while gastrin levels were significantly higher [375 (84, 738) vs. 49 (35, 81) ng/L, U=378.00, P<0.001]. PG Ⅰ was identified as an independent predictive variable, with an area under the ROC curve of 0.847 (95% CI 0.791-0.904), sensitivity of 77.6%, specificity of 91.8%, positive predictive value of 80.5%, and negative predictive value of 90.5%. Conclusions:Significant differences in laboratory indicators were observed between autoimmune gastritis and H. pylori-induced atrophic gastritis in chronic atrophic gastritis involving gastric fundus and corpus. Besides, PG Ⅰ demonstrated good diagnostic performance in identifying autoimmune gastritis and can effectively differentiate between different types of atrophic gastritis.

Objective To develop a fused model based on combined intratumor-peritumor radiomics features and clinical risk factors to accurately predict the efficacy of radiotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 124 HCC patients(95 males and 29 females)undergoing IMRT at the radiotherapy center of some hospital,who were divided into a training set and a validation set in a 7∶3 ratio.According to relevant standards for evaluating solid tumor treatment efficacy the patients at the progressive disease phase were enrolled into a non-response group,and the ones at the phases of complete response,partial response and stable disease were included into a response group.Firstly,radiomics features were extracted from pre-radiotherapy contrast-enhanced CT images,and were screened with the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO)regression to obtain valuable radiomics features;secondly,the scores of intratumor radiomics features,peritumor radiomics features and combined intratumor-peritumor radiomics features underwent binary Logistic regression(LR)analysis by using the glmnet package in R software(version 4.2.0),so as to construct three models for intratumor radiomics features,peritumor radiomics features and combined intratumor-peritumor radiomics features;finally,a fused model was established based on the scores of combined intratumor-peritumor radiomics features and clinical risk factors,and the corresponding Nomogram,calibration curve and clinical decision curve were plotted.R software(version 4.4.1)was used for image analysis and statistical analysis.Results The fused model based on the scores of combined intratumor-peritumor radiomics features and clinical risk factors achieved an AUC of 0.87 on both the training and validation sets,outperforming the models based solely on intratumor radiomics features,peritumor radiomics features or combined intratumor-peritumor radiomics features.The Nomogram plot showed the prediction probability of the fused model for the short-term treatment response rate was 10%-90%within the total score range of 42-93 points,and the calibration and clinical decision curves indicated that the fused model gained advantages in prediction and clinical application.Conclusion The fused model based on the scores of combined intratumor-peritumor radiomics features and clinical risk factors predicts the short-term efficacy of HCC radiotherapy effectively,providing references for formulating radiotherapy plans and guiding subsequent treatment decisions.

Objective:To investigate the clinical demand for subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) with pet allergens and explore the sensitization characteristics of patients undergoing pet SCIT.Methods:A cross-sectional retrospective analysis was conducted on patients diagnosed with pet allergies and treated with pet allergen SCIT in our outpatient clinic from January 2019 to December 2023. Patients were categorized into three groups based on the type of SCIT received: single-cat SCIT group, single-dog SCIT group, and combined cat-dog SCIT group.Results:A total of 931 patients were included, the age range was 5-65 years (median age of 30 years), with 283 male and 648 female. Among them, 67.7%( n=630) received single-cat SCIT, 10.9% ( n=102)received single-dog SCIT, and 21.4% ( n=199) received combined cat-dog SCIT. The number of patients receiving pet allergen SCIT increased annually. Patients in the single-dog SCIT group were significantly older than those in the other two groups ( H=41.329, P<0.001) and had a lower prevalence of allergic rhinitis (91.2% vs. 96.5% and 98.5%; χ2=10.400, P=0.006). In the combined cat-dog SCIT group, the allergy rate to mold allergens was significantly higher than in the single-cat SCIT group (12.6% vs. 4.9%, χ2=13.965, P=0.001). In the single-dog SCIT group, the allergy rate to spring pollen allergens was significantly higher than in the other two groups ( χ2=15.731, P<0.001), and the allergy rate to autumn pollen allergens was significantly higher than in the single-cat SCIT group ( χ2=13.459, P=0.001). There was no significant difference in the dust mite allergy rate among the three groups( χ2=4.117, P=0.129). In the single-dog SCIT group, patients with asthma were significantly older than those without asthma (41.2 vs. 35.2 years old, t=-2.073, P=0.041). In both the single-cat and single-dog SCIT groups, the proportion of allergic rhinitis in the asthma group(91.2%,78.3%) was significantly lower than that in the non-asthma group(97.4%,94.9%) ( χ2=8.863,6.158; P=0.008,0.026). In the single-cat SCIT group, non-asthmatic patients were significantly more likely to receive SCIT combined with spring pollen allergens compared to asthmatic patients (23.9% vs. 11.0%, χ2=7.586, P=0.006). Conclusions:The demand for pet allergen SCIT has steadily increased over the years, with a predominance of female patients. Sensitization profiles varied among patients receiving SCIT for different pet allergens. This study comprehensively elucidates the clinical demand and sensitization characteristics of patients undergoing pet allergen SCIT, providing valuable reference data for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Objective To observe the ultrasonic manifestations of local recurrence(LR)of breast cancer after surgery.Methods Totally 82 female breast cancer patients with local hypoechoic in surgical area who underwent ultrasound follow-up were enrolled and divided into LR group(n=18)and non LR group(n=64)according to the local hypoechoic was LR or not.Clinical data and ultrasonic manifestations of primary lesion before operation and postoperative local hypoechoic were observed and compared between groups.Results Significant differences of surgical resection type,molecular subtype,status of smooth muscle actin,Calponin status,Ki-67 status,clinical staging,the maximum diameter and posterior echo of the primary lesion,as well as of involved tissue layer,location,long axis parallel to the skin or not,edge,internal echo,posterior echo,skin change and Adler blood flow grading of local hypoechoic in resection area were found between groups(all P＜0.05).Conclusion Ultrasonic manifestations of LR of breast cancer after surgery had certain characteristics.