Alcoholic liver disease(ALD), a major cause of chronic liver disease worldwide, poses a serious threat to human health. Despite the availability of various drugs for treating ALD, their efficacy is often uncertain, necessitating the search for new therapeutic approaches. Traditional Chinese medicine polysaccharides have garnered increasing attention in recent years due to their versatility, high efficiency, and low side effects, and they have demonstrated significant potential in preventing and treating ALD. Emerging studies have suggested that these polysaccharides exert their therapeutic effects through multiple mechanisms, including the inhibition of oxidative stress and the regulation of lipid metabolism, gut microbiota, and programmed cell death. This review summarizes the recent research progress in the pharmacological effects and regulatory mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine polysaccharides in treating ALD, aiming to provide a scientific basis and theoretical support for their application in the prevention and treatment of ALD.
Humans ; Liver Diseases, Alcoholic/metabolism* ; Polysaccharides/administration & dosage* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/administration & dosage* ; Animals ; Oxidative Stress/drug effects* ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome/drug effects* ; Lipid Metabolism/drug effects*

OBJECTIVE: To examine the effectiveness of Chinese medicine (CM) Lianhua Qingwen Granule (LHQW) and Jingyin Gubiao Prescription (JYGB) in asymptomatic or mild patients with Omicron infection in the shelter hospital. METHODS: This single-center retrospective cohort study was conducted in the largest shelter hospital in Shanghai, China, from April 10, 2022 to May 30, 2022. A total of 56,244 asymptomatic and mild Omicron cases were included and divided into 4 groups, i.e., non-administration group (23,702 cases), LHQW group (11,576 cases), JYGB group (12,112 cases), and dual combination of LHQW and JYGB group (8,854 cases). The length of stay (LOS) in the hospital was used to assess the effectiveness of LHQW and JYGB treatment on Omicron infection. RESULTS: Patients aged 41-60 years, with nadir threshold cycle (C_T) value of N gene <25, or those fully vaccinated preferred to receive CM therapy. Before or after propensity score matching (PSM), the multiple linear regression showed that LHQW and JYGB treatment were independent influence factors of LOS (both P<0.001). After PSM, there were significant differences in LOS between the LHQW/JYGB combination and the other groups (P<0.01). The results of factorial design ANOVA proved that the LHQW/JYGB combination therapy synergistically shortened LOS (P=0.032). CONCLUSIONS Patients with a nadir C_T value <25 were more likely to accept CM. The LHQW/JYGB combination therapy could shorten the LOS of Omicron-infected individuals in an isolated environment.
Humans ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use* ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Adult ; China/epidemiology* ; Hospitalization ; COVID-19 Drug Treatment ; COVID-19/epidemiology* ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Length of Stay ; Young Adult ; Aged

The gut-brain axis is a bidirectional communication pathway connecting the central nervous system and gastrointestinal tract,playing a key role in the occurrence and development of diseases related to this axis.The vermiform appendix,as a part of the gut that is connected to the cecum,has a unique anatomical location,a rich microbiome,and abundant immune cells.Appendicitis and appendectomy have been found to be associated with the development of diseases related to the gut-brain axis.This review first introduces the anatomy and functions of the vermiform appendix and then expounds the associations of appendicitis and appendectomy with diseases related to the gut-brain axis.Furthermore,this review summarizes and prospects the mechanisms of the vermiform appendix in affecting the occurrence and development of diseases related to the gut-brain axis.
Humans ; Appendix/anatomy & histology* ; Brain ; Appendicitis ; Appendectomy/adverse effects* ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Brain-Gut Axis

Objective To explore the efficacy and safety of recombinant human anti-severe acute respiratory syn-drome coronavirus 2(anti-SARS-CoV-2)monoclonal antibody injection(F61 injection)in the treatment of patients with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)combined with renal damage.Methods Patients with COVID-19 and renal damage who visited the PLA General Hospital from January to February 2023 were selected.Subjects were randomly divided into two groups.Control group was treated with conventional anti-COVID-19 therapy,while trial group was treated with conventional anti-COVID-19 therapy combined with F61 injection.A 15-day follow-up was conducted after drug administration.Clinical symptoms,laboratory tests,electrocardiogram,and chest CT of pa-tients were performed to analyze the efficacy and safety of F61 injection.Results Twelve subjects(7 in trial group and 5 in control group)were included in study.Neither group had any clinical progression or death cases.The ave-rage time for negative conversion of nucleic acid of SARS-CoV-2 in control group and trial group were 3.2 days and 1.57 days(P=0.046),respectively.The scores of COVID-19 related target symptom in the trial group on the 3rd and 5th day after medication were both lower than those of the control group(both P＜0.05).According to the clinical staging and World Health Organization 10-point graded disease progression scale,both groups of subjects improved but didn't show statistical differences(P＞0.05).For safety,trial group didn't present any infusion-re-lated adverse event.Subjects in both groups demonstrated varying degrees of elevated blood glucose,elevated urine glucose,elevated urobilinogen,positive urine casts,and cardiac arrhythmia,but the differences were not statistica-lly significant(all P＞0.05).Conclusion F61 injection has initially demonstrated safety and clinical benefit in trea-ting patients with COVID-19 combined with renal damage.As the domestically produced drug,it has good clinical accessibility and may provide more options for clinical practice.

Objective:To explore the impact of uncertain resection on postoperative survival in non-small cell lung cancer.Methods:This is a retrospective cohort study. A retrospective analysis was conducted on the data of 477 patients with non-small cell lung cancer who underwent lobectomy in the Department of Thoracic Surgery, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University from December 2012 to December 2013. There were 302 males and 175 females, aged (59±8) years (range: 27 to 79 years). According to the surgical resection criteria issued by the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer, the patients were divided into the intact resection group (R0 group, 286 cases) and the uncertain resection group (R (un) group, 191 cases). Clinical data between the two groups were compared using χ2 test, and propensity score matching (PSM) was performed on patients using the R language, with matching variables including gender, age, smoking history, adjuvant therapy, TNM stage, pathological type, and tumor site. The nearest-neighbor method was used for 1∶3 matching and the caliper value was 0.02. The survival curve was plotted using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared using the Log-rank test. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to identify risk factors in overall survival (OS). Subgroup analysis was based on TNM staging and mediastinal lymph node metastasis status. Results:In the R (un) group, 68 patients had positive lymph in the highest group and 129 patients did not undergo complete dissection of the mediastinal lymph nodes. The baseline data for the R0 group and the R (un) group were corrected using PSM, and a total of 369 patients were successfully matched, including 227 cases in the R0 group and 142 cases in the R (un) group. After PSM, the 5-year survival rates of the R0 group and the R (un) group were 64.3% and 52.1%, respectively ( P=0.021). The 5-year survival rates of stage Ⅰ, Ⅱ, and Ⅲ patients were 85.2%, 65.9%, and 34.8%, respectively ( P<0.01). TNM stage ( χ2=46.913, P<0.01), pathological classification of adenosquamous cell carcinoma ( HR=5.970, 95% CI: 3.117 to 11.431, P<0.01) and R (un) resection ( HR=1.512, 95% CI: 1.065 to 2.147, P=0.021) were prognostic factors for postoperative survival. Subgroup analysis showed that in stage Ⅲ patients, 5-year survival rates of the R0 group and the R (un) group after resection were 45.8% and 9.5%, respectively ( P=0.002). Among patients with mediastinal lymph node metastasis, 5-year survival rates of the R0 group and the R (un) group were 50.6% and 7.1%, respectively ( P<0.01). Conclusions:TNM staging, pathological type, and R (un) resection are prognostic factors for overall postoperative survival in non-small cell lung cancer. In stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ patients, R (un) is not a prognostic factor for postoperative survival of non-small cell lung cancer. In patients with stage Ⅲ and mediastinal lymph node metastasis, R (un) is a prognostic factor for non-small cell lung cancer after surgery.

AIM To investigate the effects of Zuogui Jiangtang Tongmai Recipe on necroptosis pathway in a rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)complicated with cerebral infarction(CI).METHODS The SD rats were randomly divided into the sham operation group,the model group,the metformin group(0.045 g/kg),and the low,medium and high dose Zuogui Jiangtang Tongmai Recipe groups(6.5,13,26 g/kg),with 9 rats in each group.In contrast to rats of the sham operation group,rats of the other groups were given 4 weeks feeding of high-sugar and high-fat diet combined with intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin to establish a T2DM rat model with one week stable blood glucose,followed by gavage of corresponding drugs 3 days before the establishment of the middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO)model.After 7 days of administration,the rats had their CI injury assessed by mNSS method and TTC staining;their level of blood glucose detected by blood glucose meter;their levels of glycated serum protein,serum TNF-α and IL-1β detected by ELISA;their cerebral mRNA expressions of FADD,RIPK1,RIPK3 and MLKL detected by RT-qPCR;and their cerebral protein expressions of FADD,p-RIPK1,p-RIPK3 and p-MLKL detected by Western blot.RESULTS Compared with the sham operation group,the model group displayed increased levels of blood glucose value,glycosylated serum protein,neurological function score,cerebral infarction volume,cerebral FADD,RIPK1,RIPK3 and MLKL mRNA expressions,cerebral FADD,p-RIPK1,p-RIPK3 and p-MLKL protein expressions,serum TNF-α and IL-1β levels(P＜0.01);and more disordered and morphologically diverse neurons with smaller nucleus.Compared with the model group,the groups intervened with medium or high dose Zuogui Jiangtang Tongmai Recipe,or metformin shared improvement in terms of the aforementioned indices(P＜0.05,P＜0.01);and more neurons with regular morphology neat arrangement,and reduced cell gap.CONCLUSION Zuogui Jiangtang Tongmai Recipe can improve the neurological dysfunction of the rat model of T2DM complicated with CI,which may associate with the inhibited activation of necroptosis signaling pathway.

Pasteurella multocida and Aeromonas hydrophila are rare human pathogens,and zoonotic infections caused by bites of big cats are rarely reported.This paper reported the first case of wound infection caused by Pas-teurella multocida and Aeromonas hydrophila after tiger bites in China.Strain identification and drug susceptibility testing were conducted by BD PHOENIXTM100 automatic microbial analyzer.The patient was discharged with a good prognosis after wound debridement,surgical intervention and combined antimicrobial treatment.This paper aims to advise emergency physicians to consider the possibility of co-infection of Pasteurella multocida and Aero-monas hydrophila when encountering rare big cat bites.

Objective To observe the efficacy and safety of Morinda officinalis oligosaccharides in the continuation treatment of mild and moderate depression.Methods An open,single-arm,multi-center design was adopted in our study.Adult patients with mild and moderate depression who had received acute treatment of Morinda officinalis oligosaccharides were enrolled and continue to receive Morinda officinalis oligosaccharides capsules for 24 weeks,the dose remained unchanged during continuation treatment.The remission rate,recurrence rate,recurrence time,and the change from baseline to endpoint of Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD),Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA),Clinical Global Impression-Severity(CGI-S)and Arizona Sexual Experience Scale(ASEX)were evaluated.The incidence of treatment-related adverse events was reported.Results The scores of HAMD-17 at baseline and after treatment were 6.60±1.87 and 5.85±4.18,scores of HAMA were 6.36±3.02 and 4.93±3.09,scores of CGI-S were 1.49±0.56 and 1.29±0.81,scores of ASEX were 15.92±4.72 and 15.57±5.26,with significant difference(P＜0.05).After continuation treatment,the remission rate was 54.59％(202 cases/370 cases),and the recurrence rate was 6.49％(24 cases/370 cases),the recurrence time was(64.67±42.47)days.The incidence of treatment-related adverse events was 15.35％(64 cases/417 cases).Conclusion Morinda officinalis oligosaccharides capsules can be effectively used for the continuation treatment of mild and moderate depression,and are well tolerated and safe.

Objective:To explore the impact of uncertain resection on postoperative survival in non-small cell lung cancer.Methods:This is a retrospective cohort study. A retrospective analysis was conducted on the data of 477 patients with non-small cell lung cancer who underwent lobectomy in the Department of Thoracic Surgery, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University from December 2012 to December 2013. There were 302 males and 175 females, aged (59±8) years (range: 27 to 79 years). According to the surgical resection criteria issued by the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer, the patients were divided into the intact resection group (R0 group, 286 cases) and the uncertain resection group (R (un) group, 191 cases). Clinical data between the two groups were compared using χ2 test, and propensity score matching (PSM) was performed on patients using the R language, with matching variables including gender, age, smoking history, adjuvant therapy, TNM stage, pathological type, and tumor site. The nearest-neighbor method was used for 1∶3 matching and the caliper value was 0.02. The survival curve was plotted using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared using the Log-rank test. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to identify risk factors in overall survival (OS). Subgroup analysis was based on TNM staging and mediastinal lymph node metastasis status. Results:In the R (un) group, 68 patients had positive lymph in the highest group and 129 patients did not undergo complete dissection of the mediastinal lymph nodes. The baseline data for the R0 group and the R (un) group were corrected using PSM, and a total of 369 patients were successfully matched, including 227 cases in the R0 group and 142 cases in the R (un) group. After PSM, the 5-year survival rates of the R0 group and the R (un) group were 64.3% and 52.1%, respectively ( P=0.021). The 5-year survival rates of stage Ⅰ, Ⅱ, and Ⅲ patients were 85.2%, 65.9%, and 34.8%, respectively ( P<0.01). TNM stage ( χ2=46.913, P<0.01), pathological classification of adenosquamous cell carcinoma ( HR=5.970, 95% CI: 3.117 to 11.431, P<0.01) and R (un) resection ( HR=1.512, 95% CI: 1.065 to 2.147, P=0.021) were prognostic factors for postoperative survival. Subgroup analysis showed that in stage Ⅲ patients, 5-year survival rates of the R0 group and the R (un) group after resection were 45.8% and 9.5%, respectively ( P=0.002). Among patients with mediastinal lymph node metastasis, 5-year survival rates of the R0 group and the R (un) group were 50.6% and 7.1%, respectively ( P<0.01). Conclusions:TNM staging, pathological type, and R (un) resection are prognostic factors for overall postoperative survival in non-small cell lung cancer. In stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ patients, R (un) is not a prognostic factor for postoperative survival of non-small cell lung cancer. In patients with stage Ⅲ and mediastinal lymph node metastasis, R (un) is a prognostic factor for non-small cell lung cancer after surgery.

To investigate the factors affecting the sperm retrieval rate of microdissection testicular sperm extraction (micro-TESE) in patients with nonmosaic Klinefelter syndrome (KS), 64 patients with nonmosaic KS who underwent micro-TESE in the Center for Reproductive Medicine of Peking University Third Hospital (Beijing, China) between January 2016 and December 2017 were included in the study. Data on medical history, physical examination and laboratory examination results, and micro-TESE outcomes were collected. Patients were divided into two groups according to micro-TESE outcomes. The following factors were compared between the two groups by the Mann‒Whitney U test or Student's t-test based on the distribution (nonnormal or normal) of the factors: age, testicular size, follicle-stimulating hormone level, luteinizing hormone level, testosterone level, and anti-Müllerian hormone level. The overall success rate of sperm retrieval was 50.0%. Correlation analysis showed that testicular volume was positively correlated with testosterone level. Using a logistic regression model, age and anti-Müllerian hormone levels were found to be better predictors for the sperm retrieval rate than the other parameters.
Humans ; Male ; Sperm Retrieval ; Klinefelter Syndrome ; Microdissection ; Anti-Mullerian Hormone ; Semen ; Testis ; Spermatozoa ; Testosterone ; Azoospermia ; Retrospective Studies