Inflammatory diseases (IDs) are a general term of diseases characterized by chronic inflammation as the primary pathogenetic mechanism, which seriously affect the quality of patient′s life and cause significant social and medical burden. Current drugs for IDs include nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, corticosteroids, immunomodulators, biologics, and antioxidants, but these drugs may cause gastrointestinal side effects, induce or worsen infections, and cause non-response or intolerance. Given the outstanding performance of metal polyphenol network (MPN) in the fields of drug delivery, biomedical imaging, and catalytic therapy, its application in the diagnosis and treatment of IDs has attracted much attention and significant progress has been made. In this paper, we first provide an overview of the types of IDs and their generating mechanisms, then sort out and summarize the different forms of MPN in recent years, and finally discuss in detail the characteristics of MPN and their latest research progress in the diagnosis and treatment of IDs. This research may provide useful references for scientific research and clinical practice in the related fields.

Six compounds were isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction of Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus by using various column chromatographic methods, such as MCI Gel CHP-20, ODS, Sephadex LH-20, silica gel and semipreparative HPLC. Their structures were identified to be citrusin G (1), citrusin H (2), citrusin E (3), syringin (4), coniferin (5), methylconiferin (6) by NMR, HR-ESI-MS, UV, IR spectra. Compounds 1 and 2 were new secondary metabolism products and 3-6 were obtained from the titled material for the first time. Compound 1 showed anti-renal fibrosis activity in TGF-β1-induced kidney proximal tubular cells.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of sleep quality among the elderly in nursing homes in Changning District, Shanghai Municipality, so as to provide insights into prevention and intervention strategies for improving sleep quality and overall quality of life for the elderly. Methods: The elderly from 25 nursing homes in Changning District were selected using a two-stage sampling method. Basic information including gender, age and types of medication were collected. Sleep quality was assessed using the Athens Insomnia Scale, and depressive symptoms were measured using the Geriatric Depression Scale. Factors affecting sleep quality among the elderly in nursing homes were analyzed using a multivariable logistic regression model. Results: A total of 739 participants were surveyed, including 516 males (69.82%) and 223 females (30.18%). The majority of participants were aged 80 to <90 years (478, 64.68%). Among them, 432 participants (58.46%) had normal sleep, 144 (19.49%) had suspected insomnia, and 163 (22.06%) had insomnia. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that older age (OR=1.030, 95%CI: 1.005-1.055), more medication types (OR=1.971, 95%CI: 1.381-2.812), frequent nighttime bathroom visits (OR=2.921, 95%CI: 1.853-4.605) and depressive symptoms (OR=3.295, 95%CI: 2.440-4.449) were associated with a higher risk of insomnia among the elderly in nursing homes. Conclusions Insomnia was reported in 22.06% of the elderly in nursing homes in Changning District. Age, the number of medication types, frequency of nighttime bathroom visits, and depressive symptoms are the main influencing factors for their sleep quality.

Aim To investigate the mechanism of icar-itin(ICT)on D-galactose(D-gal)-induced TM4 ser-toli cell junctional function damage in vitro.Methods TM4 cells were divided into the normal control group and D-gal treatment group with different concentra-tions.The expression changes of TM 4 cell junction function-related proteins(ZO-1,Occludin,β-catenin and Cx43)and ERα/FAK signaling pathway-related proteins(ERα,FAK and pY397-FAK)were detected by Western blot.The concentration of ICT was screened by MTT method.TM4 cells were divided into normal control group,D-gal treatment group,and D-gal treatment+different concentrations of ICT group.The expression levels of the above proteins were detected by Western blot.Molecular docking was used to study the interaction between ERα and ICT,meanwhile predict the affinity between them.Finally,TM4 cells were di-vided into normal control group,D-gal treatment group,ERα inhibitor group,D-gal+ICT group,and ERα inhibitor+ICT group.The expression levels of the above proteins were detected by Western blot.Re-sults Compared with the normal control group,the ex-pression of junctional function-related proteins(ZO-1,Occludin,β-catenin and Cx43)and ERα/FAK signa-ling pathway-related proteins(ERα,FAK and pY397-FAK)were significantly down-regulated.After treat-ment with ICT,the expression of above proteins were significantly up-regulated.The docking results of ERα and ICT molecules revealed the formation of two hydro-gen bonds between Asp351 amino acid residue of ERα and ICT,with bond distances measuring 3.4? and 2.4?.Additionally,the docking binding energy be-tween them was found to be lower than-7 kcal·mol-1.After TM4 cells were treated with ERα inhibi-tor,the expression of above proteins and ERα/FAK signaling pathway-related proteins were significantly down-regulated,while the expression levels of the a-bove proteins did not change significantly after being given ICT protected group.Conclusions D-gal can cause damage to the junctional function of TM4 cells,and ICT can improve this damage,which may be related to the up-regulation of ERα/FAK signaling pathway.

Aim To construct a DC-targeted modified(lacto-N-fucop-entose Ⅲ,LewisX)Pseudomonas aeruginosa(PA)DNA vaccine PLGA nanoparticle(LewisX-PLGA)loading PA PcrV and OprF genes combination,and provide a new idea for the prevention of PA clinical infection.Methods The PLGA nano-particles loading PA PcrV and OprF combined DNA(PLGA+PcrV/OprF)or loading pEGFP(PLGA+pEGFP)were pre-pared by double emulsification-solvent evaporation method.On this basis,the DC-SIGN-targeted ligand LewisX was connected to the surface of PLGA nanoparticles by amide condensation reac-tion.LewisX-modified PLGA-PcrV/OprF(LewisX-PLGA+PcrV/OprF)and LewisX-modified PLGA-pEGFP(LewisX-PL-GA+pEGFP)were prepared.Particle size,Zeta potential,en-capsulation rate and drug loading were evaluated to characterize LewisX-PLGA+PcrV/OprF.The cytotoxicity of LewisX-PLGA+PcrV/OprF was investigated by CCK-8.DC targeting of LewisX-PLGA+pEGFP was validated in vitro transfection.Further,LewisX-PLGA+PcrV/OprF lysosome escape was used to evalu-ate the targeting performance of LewisX-modified PLGA nanopar-ticles loading DNA in vitro.The immunoefficacy of the nanopar-ticles was evaluated by detecting the level of lymphocyte prolifer-ation,humoral immunity and immune protection.Results The diameter of LewisX-PLGA+PcrV/OprF was(201.17±1.6)nm.The encapsulation efficiency of LewisX-PLGA+PcrV/OprF was(85.72±5.3)％.The Zeta potential of LewisX-PLGA+PcrV/OprF was+(31.17±1.8)mV.In the DC2.4 cytotoxici-ty test,the cell survival rates were above 85％.The results of fluorescence microscopy after LewisX-PLGA+pEGFP transfec-tion in vitro showed that LewisX-PLGA+pEGFP was more readi-ly taken up by DC2.4,and LewisX-PLGA+pEGFP had a DC-SIGN specific targeting performance.The CLSM's observation of LewisX-PLGA+Pcrv/OprF showed that more DNA escaped from the lysosome into the cytoplasm.The results suggested that LewisX-PLGA had DC2.4 targeting performance.Because DC2.4 cells endocyted more LewisX-PLGA+Pcrv/OprF into the lysosome,the amount of DNA carried by the nanoparticles esca-ping into the cytoplasm increased.in vivo immune results showed that the lymphocyte proliferation level and antibody titer level of targeted DNA vaccine increased significantly,further improved the survival rate of mice infected with acute pneumoni-a,and reduced the bacterial load of mouse lungs.Conclusions The DC-SIGN-targeted aptamer-modified PA DNA vaccine nanoparticle LewisX-PLGA can be successfully constructed.It promotes the transfection of DNA into DC.It promotes the endo-cytosis of PA DNA vaccine into the DC lysosome and the escape of PA DNA into the cytoplasm.This results in a significant im-mune response in body,which enhances the protective efficacy of vaccine.

Objective To monitor the susceptibility of clinical isolates to antimicrobial agents in tertiary hospitals in major regions of China in 2022.Methods Clinical isolates from 58 hospitals in China were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility using a unified protocol based on disc diffusion method or automated testing systems.Results were interpreted using the 2022 Clinical &Laboratory Standards Institute(CLSI)breakpoints.Results A total of 318 013 clinical isolates were collected from January 1,2022 to December 31,2022,of which 29.5％were gram-positive and 70.5％were gram-negative.The prevalence of methicillin-resistant strains in Staphylococcus aureus,Staphylococcus epidermidis and other coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species(excluding Staphylococcus pseudintermedius and Staphylococcus schleiferi)was 28.3％,76.7％and 77.9％,respectively.Overall,94.0％of MRSA strains were susceptible to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and 90.8％of MRSE strains were susceptible to rifampicin.No vancomycin-resistant strains were found.Enterococcus faecalis showed significantly lower resistance rates to most antimicrobial agents tested than Enterococcus faecium.A few vancomycin-resistant strains were identified in both E.faecalis and E.faecium.The prevalence of penicillin-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae was 94.2％in the isolates from children and 95.7％in the isolates from adults.The resistance rate to carbapenems was lower than 13.1％in most Enterobacterales species except for Klebsiella,21.7％-23.1％of which were resistant to carbapenems.Most Enterobacterales isolates were highly susceptible to tigecycline,colistin and polymyxin B,with resistance rates ranging from 0.1％to 13.3％.The prevalence of meropenem-resistant strains decreased from 23.5％in 2019 to 18.0％in 2022 in Pseudomonas aeruginosa,and decreased from 79.0％in 2019 to 72.5％in 2022 in Acinetobacter baumannii.Conclusions The resistance of clinical isolates to the commonly used antimicrobial agents is still increasing in tertiary hospitals.However,the prevalence of important carbapenem-resistant organisms such as carbapenem-resistant K.pneumoniae,P.aeruginosa,and A.baumannii showed a downward trend in recent years.This finding suggests that the strategy of combining antimicrobial resistance surveillance with multidisciplinary concerted action works well in curbing the spread of resistant bacteria.

The effect of porcine SIRT5 on replication of foot and mouth disease virus type O(FMDV-O)and the underlying regulatory mechanism were investigated.Western blot and RT-qPCR analyses were employed to monitor expression of endoge-nous SIRT5 in PK-15 cells infected with FMDV-O.Three pairs of SIRT5-specific siRNAs were synthesized.Changes to SIRT5 and FMDV-O protein and transcript levels,in addition to virus copy numbers,were measured by western blot and RT-qPCR analyses.PK-15 cells were transfected with a eukaryotic SIRT5 expression plasmid.Western blot and RT-qPCR analyses were used to explore the impact of SIRT5 overexpression on FMDV-O replication.Meanwhile,RT-qPCR analysis was used to detect the effect of SIRT5 overexpression on the mRNA expression levels of type I interferon-stimulated genes induced by SeV and FMDV-O.The results showed that expression of SIRT5 was up-regulated in PK-15 cells infected with FMDV-O and siRNA interfered with SIRT5 to inhibit FMDV-O replication.SIRT5 overexpression promoted FMDV-O replication.SIRT5 over-expression decreased mRNA expression levels of interferon-stimulated genes induced by SeV and FMDV-O.These results suggest that FMDV-O infection stimulated expression of SIRT5 in PK-15 cells,while SIRT5 promoted FMDV-O rep-lication by inhibiting production of type I interferon-stimula-ted genes.These findings provide a reference to further ex-plore the mechanism underlying the ability of porcine SIRT5 to promote FMDV-O replication.

Objective:To explore the levels of regulatory T cells(Tregs)and cytokines IL-35,TGF-β and IL-10 in peripheral blood of hemophilia A(HA)patients with F Ⅷ inhibitor and their clinical significance.Methods:43 HA patients admitted to the Hematology Department of the Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology from October 2019 to December 2020 were selected,including 6 cases with F Ⅷ inhibitor and 37 cases without FⅧ inhibitor.In addition,20 healthy males who underwent physical examinations were selected as healthy controls.Flow cytometry was used to detect the levels of CD4+CD25+CD127-Tregs in peripheral blood of the HA patients and healthy controls,and ELISA assay was used to detect the expression levels of IL-35,TGF-β and IL-10 in serum,and their differences between different groups were compared.Results:Compared with the healthy control group,the level of Tregs in HA patients was decreased,and the level of Tregs in the FⅧ inhibitor positive group was the lowest,the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the expression level of Tregs in HA patients of different severity levels.The serum IL-35,TGF-β,and IL-10 levels in both FⅧ inhibitor negative and positive groups were significantly lower than those in healthy control group,and those in FⅧ inhibitor positive group were significantly lower than those in FⅧ inhibitor negative group(all P＜0.05).Conclusion:The decrease of Tregs,IL-35,TGF-β,and IL-10 levels in HA patients may be related to the formation of FⅧ inhibitors.

Objective To compare the clinical outcomes of all-inside arthroscopic and open recon-struction of the anterior talofibular ligament(ATFL)and calcaneofibular ligament(CFL).Methods The clinical data of 51 patients with chronic lateral ankle instability(CLAI)and treated in our department between January 2017 and July 2021 were analyzed retrospectively.Among them,24 received ar-throscopic ATFL and CFL reconstruction(arthroscopy group),while 27 underwent conventional surgery(open group).The perioperative data including surgical time,intraoperative complications,hospitaliza-tion duration and time to resume normal walking were compared between the two groups.Moreover,postoperative CT examination was performed to evaluate the position of the bone tunnel.Before as well as 3 months,6 months,1 year,and 2 years after the operation,both groups were evaluated using the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society Score(AOFAS),Karlsson score,visual analogue scale(VAS),drawer test,and inversion test.Meanwhile,the occurrence of complications was also recorded and compared.Results Both groups underwent the surgery successfully.The total length of incision and time to resume normal walking in the arthroscopy group were significantly shorter than the open group(P<0.05),while there was no significant difference between them in surgical time and hospital stay(P>0.05).Postoperative CT showed that in the arthroscopy group,1 case had suboptimal talus bone tun-nel position,while in the open group,1 had suboptimal calcaneus bone tunnel position and another suffered from suboptimal talus bone tunnel position,with the remaining bone tunnels located within the corresponding footprint area.All patients were followed up for 24 to 33 months.Significant improve-ment was observed in the average AOFAS score,Karlsson score,and VAS score in both groups after the operation(P<0.05),and both the drawer and inversion tests were of negative results.Three months postoperatively,the arthroscopic group had significantly better AOFAS,Karlsson and VAS score than the open group(P<0.05).Moreover,at 6 months postoperatively,the average AOFAS and Karlsson scores of the arthroscopy group were significantly superior to the open group(P<0.05).However,1 year and 2 years postoperatively,no significant differences were found between the two group in the AOFAS,Karlsson and VAS score(P>0.05).Moreover,no serious complications occurred during surgery and follow-up in both groups.Conclusion The efficacy of arthroscopic reconstruction of ATFL and CFL is comparable to open reconstruction in treating CLAI,with the former therapy resulting in faster recov-ery.

Thyroid associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) is an organ-specific autoimmune disease. TAO is clinically classified into active and inactive stage, and the accurate judgment is the key point of treatment choice. Clinical activity score (CAS) is often used for the assessment of TAO activity, which is subjective to some extent. With the development of imaging techniques, ultrasonography, CT, MRI and radionuclide imaging have gradually been applied into the diagnosis and treatment of TAO. What′s more, the imaging is an important complement to CAS from the aspects of anatomical and functional metabolism, which can better assess the activity and the therapy response of TAO. The clinical value of medical imaging in activity and treatment efficacy evaluation of TAO is reviewed in this article.