ObjectiveTo establish a geographical origin identification model for Foeniculi Fructus from Haiyuan， providing a new technical reference for the protection of Haiyuan's geo-authentic medicinal materials and its designation as a national geographical indication agricultural product. MethodsSamples of Foeniculi Fructus were collected from eight producing areas， including Minqin （Gansu）， Bozhou （Anhui）， Qingdao （Shandong）， Dezhou （Shandong）， Urumqi （Xinjiang）， Nujiang （Yunnan）， Gutuo （Inner Mongolia）， and Haiyuan （Ningxia）. Gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry （GC-IMS） was used to detect the volatile organic compounds （VOCs） in samples from these geographic origins. VOCs were qualitatively analyzed through dual matching with the National Institute of Standards and Technology （NIST） mass spectral database and the IMS drift time database. Using the Reporter module and Gallery Plot visualization tools within the LAV analytical platform， VOC fingerprint profiles characterizing geographic origins were constructed. A non-targeted analytical strategy was adopted， and 97 VOCs detected via GC-IMS were subjected to principal component analysis （PCA） and partial least squares discriminant analysis （PLS-DA） based on their differential distribution patterns to construct an origin identification model for Foeniculi Fructus from Haiyuan region. Key discriminative markers were screened using variable importance in projection （VIP） values greater than 1. ResultsA total of 97 VOCs were identified， including alcohols， aldehydes， ketones， esters， organic acids， terpenoids， ethers， alkenes， and benzenes. The PLS-DA model， based on VOCs data obtained by GC-IMS， effectively distinguished Foeniculi Fructus in Haiyuan region from those of other origins. During cross-validation， the model achieved a prediction parameter （Q²） of 0.976 and a goodness-of-fit parameter （R²） of 0.936， with no overfitting observed in permutation testing. Twelve key flavor markers with VIP > 1 were identified as characteristic indicators of Haiyuan origin. ConclusionA stable and highly predictive origin identification model for Foeniculi Fructus from Haiyuan was successfully established using GC-IMS technology， PLS-DA， and VIP-based marker screening. This model provides a novel technical strategy for accurately distinguishing Foeniculi Fructus in Haiyuan region from other regional varieties and offers new technical support for its protection as a geo-authentic medicinal material and a nationally designated geographical indication agricultural product in China.

ObjectiveTo establish a geographical origin identification model for Foeniculi Fructus from Haiyuan， providing a new technical reference for the protection of Haiyuan's geo-authentic medicinal materials and its designation as a national geographical indication agricultural product. MethodsSamples of Foeniculi Fructus were collected from eight producing areas， including Minqin （Gansu）， Bozhou （Anhui）， Qingdao （Shandong）， Dezhou （Shandong）， Urumqi （Xinjiang）， Nujiang （Yunnan）， Gutuo （Inner Mongolia）， and Haiyuan （Ningxia）. Gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry （GC-IMS） was used to detect the volatile organic compounds （VOCs） in samples from these geographic origins. VOCs were qualitatively analyzed through dual matching with the National Institute of Standards and Technology （NIST） mass spectral database and the IMS drift time database. Using the Reporter module and Gallery Plot visualization tools within the LAV analytical platform， VOC fingerprint profiles characterizing geographic origins were constructed. A non-targeted analytical strategy was adopted， and 97 VOCs detected via GC-IMS were subjected to principal component analysis （PCA） and partial least squares discriminant analysis （PLS-DA） based on their differential distribution patterns to construct an origin identification model for Foeniculi Fructus from Haiyuan region. Key discriminative markers were screened using variable importance in projection （VIP） values greater than 1. ResultsA total of 97 VOCs were identified， including alcohols， aldehydes， ketones， esters， organic acids， terpenoids， ethers， alkenes， and benzenes. The PLS-DA model， based on VOCs data obtained by GC-IMS， effectively distinguished Foeniculi Fructus in Haiyuan region from those of other origins. During cross-validation， the model achieved a prediction parameter （Q²） of 0.976 and a goodness-of-fit parameter （R²） of 0.936， with no overfitting observed in permutation testing. Twelve key flavor markers with VIP > 1 were identified as characteristic indicators of Haiyuan origin. ConclusionA stable and highly predictive origin identification model for Foeniculi Fructus from Haiyuan was successfully established using GC-IMS technology， PLS-DA， and VIP-based marker screening. This model provides a novel technical strategy for accurately distinguishing Foeniculi Fructus in Haiyuan region from other regional varieties and offers new technical support for its protection as a geo-authentic medicinal material and a nationally designated geographical indication agricultural product in China.

Objective To investigate the genetic association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)and type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)using bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization(MR),as well as the causal relationship between NAFLD and T2DM across different body mass index(BMI)categories.Methods The data were derived from genome-wide association studies conducted in European populations,with a sample size of 32 941 cases for NAFLD,312 646 cases for T2DM,and 681 275 cases for BMI.The univariate and multivariate MR methods were used to assess the bidirectional causal relationship between NAFLD and T2DM in the general population and across different BMI subtypes.The methods of inverse-variance weighting,MR-Egger regression,constrained maximum likelihood and model averaging,and weighted median were used to conduct the MR analysis,and MR-Pleiotropy Residual Sum and Outlier,radial MR,the MR-Egger intercept method,and the Cochrane Q test were used for sensitivity analysis.Results The univariate MR analysis revealed a bidirectional causal relationship between NAFLD and T2DM in the general population(forward analysis:odds ratio[OR]=9.75,95%confidence interval[CI]:2.57-37.00,P＜0.001;reverse analysis:OR=1.01,95%CI:1.00-1.01,P＜0.01).After adjustment for BMI,the multivariate MR analysis showed that the causal relationship between NAFLD and T2DM remained significant in the general population(OR=33.12,95%CI:7.57-144.95,P＜0.000 1).The subgroup analysis showed a causal relationship between NAFLD and T2DM across all BMI subtypes(lean subgroup:OR=12.19,95%CI:3.35-44.40,P＜0.001;overweight subgroup:OR=4.30,95%CI:1.69-10.92,P＜0.01;obese subgroup:OR=1.67,95%CI:1.14-2.44,P＜0.01).Conclusion This study reveals the causal relationship between NAFLD and T2DM in the general population of NAFLD and across different BMI subtypes from a genetic perspective.

Public health and social measures (PHSMs) are one of the most important measures in the prevention and control of COVID-19 and have also been effective in suppressing the spread of influenza viruses, but their effectiveness has not been fully investigated. This study aimed to review the progress of research on the impact of PHSMs on influenza during the COVID-19 pandemic based on the latest evidence of the effectiveness of various PHSMs in controlling transmission of influenza viruses, to provide scientific evidence for optimizing influenza prevention and control strategies.

Objective:To explore the feasibility and safety of remote programming technology based on 5G cloud technology support platform in postoperative follow-up of cardiovascular implantable electronic devices(CIED).Methods:This study was a multicenter cross-sectional study. CIED patients from 12 hospitals lacking full-time follow-up specialists in Sichuan Province were enrolled from June 2021 to October 2021. All patients′ devices received remote inspecting and programming by the follow-up specialist of the remote follow-up center of the Third People′s Hospital of Chengdu through 5G cloud technology support platform. The baseline data, device alarm events, device reprogramming events, adverse reactions and satisfaction questionnaire survey results were collected.Results:A total of 195 CIED implantation patients were included, with an age of (72.5±11.3) years, including 103 males (52.6%). All patients completed remote inspecting and programming successfully, with a duration of (5.8±4.0) min. Ninety-one patients′ CIED were reprogrammed, with a total of 104 parameter adjustments. No abnormal communication or adverse events occurred. The satisfaction questionnaire showed that 97.9%(191/195) of the patients trusted or relatively trusted remote follow-up and 86.7%(169/195) of the patients were willing to choose remote follow-up mode for device management.Conclusion:The remote programming based on 5G cloud technology support platform may be feasible and safe for postoperative follow-up of CIED patients.

Public health and social measures (PHSMs) are one of the most important measures in the prevention and control of COVID-19 and have also been effective in suppressing the spread of influenza viruses, but their effectiveness has not been fully investigated. This study aimed to review the progress of research on the impact of PHSMs on influenza during the COVID-19 pandemic based on the latest evidence of the effectiveness of various PHSMs in controlling transmission of influenza viruses, to provide scientific evidence for optimizing influenza prevention and control strategies.

Objective To describe the current state of research and future research hotspots through a metrological analysis of the literature in the field of forensic anthropological remains identification re-search.Methods The data retrieved and extracted from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC),the core database of the Web of Science information service platform (hereinafter referred to as "WoS"),was used to analyze the trends and topic changes in research on forensic identification of human re-mains from 1991 to 2022.Network visualisation of publication trends,countries (regions),institutions,authors and topics related to the identification of remains in forensic anthropology was analysed using python 3.9.2 and Gephi 0.10.Results A total of 873 papers written in English in the field of forensic anthropological remains identification research were obtained.The journal with the largest number of publications was Forensic Science International (164 articles).The country (region) with the largest number of published papers was China (90 articles).Katholieke Univ Leuven (Netherlands,21 articles) was the institution with the largest number of publications.Topic analysis revealed that the focus of forensic anthropological remains identification research was sex estimation and age estimation,and the most commonly studied remains were teeth.Conclusion The volume of publications in the field of forensic anthropological remains identification research has a distinct phasing.However,the scope of both international and domestic collaborations remains limited.Traditionally,human remains identifica-tion has primarily relied on key areas such as the pelvis,skull,and teeth.Looking ahead,future re-search will likely focus on the more accurate and efficient identification of multiple skeletal remains through the use of machine learning and deep learning techniques.

Objective:To explore the effects of pre-transplant controlling nutritional status(CONUT)and post-transplant minimal residual disease(MRD)on prognosis of patients with multiple myeloma(MM)after autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(auto-HSCT).Methods:The clinical data of 79 patients who received auto-HSCT from 2011 to 2020 in The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into Low-CONUT group(n=62)and High-CONUT group(n=17)according to whether the CONUT score was less than 5.The differences in clinical features,hematopoietic reconstruction,adverse reactions,efficacy and survival between the two groups were compared.In addition,the prognostic risk factors were analyzed and verified by time-dependent ROC curve.Results:The proportions of male patients and bone marrow plasma cells＞30％at initial diagnosis in High-CONUT group were both higher than those in Low-CONUT group(both P＜0.05).While,there were no significant differences in hematopoietic reconstruction and adverse reactions(＞grade 2)between the two groups.The complete response(CR)rate and CR+very good partial response(VGPR)rate before transplantation in Low-CONUT group were both significantly higher than those in High-CONUT group(both P＜0.05).After 3 months of transplantation,the CR+VGPR rate still remained an advantage in Low-CONUT group compared with High-CONUT group(P＜0.01),but CR rate did not(P＞0.05).The overall survival(OS)and progression-free survival(PFS)in Low-CONUT group were both superior to those in High-CONUT group(both P＜0.05).Low CONUT score(0-4)before transplantation and negative MRD at 6 months after transplantation were favorable factors affecting OS and PFS(both P＜0.05),while the International Myeloma Working Group(IMWG)high-risk at initial diagnosis and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)level＞250 U/L before transplantation were only risk factors for PFS(both P＜0.05).Time-dependent ROC curve analysis showed that pre-transplant CONUT score and MRD status at 6 months after transplantation could independently or jointly predict 1-and 2-year OS and PFS,and the combined prediction was more effective.Conclusion:The combination of pre-transplant CONUT and post-transplant MRD can better predict the prognosis of MM patients.

Patients with severe trauma require an extremely timely treatment and transfusion plays an irreplaceable role in the emergency treatment of such patients. An increasing number of evidence-based medicinal evidences and clinical practices suggest that patients with severe traumatic bleeding benefit from early transfusion of low-titer group O whole blood or hemostatic resuscitation with red blood cells, plasma and platelet of a balanced ratio. However, the current domestic mode of blood supply cannot fully meet the requirements of timely and effective blood transfusion for emergency treatment of patients with severe trauma in clinical practice. In order to solve the key problems in blood supply and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma, Branch of Clinical Transfusion Medicine of Chinese Medical Association, Group for Trauma Emergency Care and Multiple Injuries of Trauma Branch of Chinese Medical Association, Young Scholar Group of Disaster Medicine Branch of Chinese Medical Association organized domestic experts of blood transfusion medicine and trauma treatment to jointly formulate Chinese expert consensus on blood support mode and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma patients ( version 2024). Based on the evidence-based medical evidence and Delphi method of expert consultation and voting, 10 recommendations were put forward from two aspects of blood support mode and transfusion strategies, aiming to provide a reference for transfusion resuscitation in the emergency treatment of severe trauma and further improve the success rate of treatment of patients with severe trauma.

Objective:To observe the effect of auricular pressure beans(APN)combined with Compound Tung-Leaf Burn Oil(CTBO)on perioperative anxiety and pain in patients undergoing circumcision.Methods:This study included 100 patients undergo-ing circumcision with the disposable circumcision anastomosis stapler in our hospital from August 2023 to November 2023,of whom 50 received routine circumcision nursing care(the control group)and other 50 APN combined with compound CTBO in addition(the ob-servation group).We compared between the two groups the anxiety scores before any intervention,30 minutes before and 24 hours and 10 days after operation,the pain scores 24 hours postoperatively and at the first change of wound dressing,the frequency of 3-day post-operative sleep awakenings,the incidence of complications,and the satisfaction of the patients.Results:Totally,94 patients com-pleted the study,46 in the observation and 48 in the control group.The anxiety scores exhibited no statistically significant difference between the two groups of patients before any intervention(P>0.05),but were markedly lower in the observation than in the control group at 30 minutes before and 24 hours and 10 days after surgery(P<0.05),and so were the pain scores24 hours after surgery and at the first change of wound dressing(P<0.05),and the frequency of 3-day postoperative sleep awakenings(P<0.05).The satis-faction rate of the patients was remarkably higher(P<0.05)while the incidence of complications significantly lower in the observation group than in the control(P<0.05).Conclusion:Auricular pressure beans combined with Compound Tung-Leaf Burn Oil can ef-fectively alleviate perioperative anxiety,reduce postoperative pain and improve satisfaction of the patients undergoing circumcision.