Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis(IPF) is a chronic progressive interstitial lung disease characterized by a complex pathogenesis and limited treatment options. Although studies have indicated that lipid metabolism dysregulation is associated with the progression of IPF, the core regulatory mechanisms remain unclear. By integrating RNA sequencing data from the GEO database, we identified four key genes related to lipid metabolism: peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma(PPARG), secreted phosphoprotein 1(SPP1), caspase 3(CASP3), and platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1(PECAM1). Further validation using single-cell RNA sequencing revealed the cell-specific expression patterns of these genes. The results found that PPARG was significantly downregulated in alveolar macrophages while SPP1 was significantly upregulated. Mechanistic studies indicated that PPARG negatively regulated SPP1 expression, and the interaction between SPP1 and cluster of differentiation 44(CD44) activated intercellular signaling pathways that promoted fibrosis. Through network pharmacology and molecular docking, it was predicted that the bioactive components of the traditional Chinese medicine formula, namely Buyang Huanwu Decoction may target PPARG to modulate lipid metabolism pathways. In a bleomycin-induced rat model with IPF, this paper randomly divided the rats into six groups(control, group, model group, pirfenidone group, and low, middle, and high-dose groups of Buyang Huanwu Decoction). The results demonstrated that Buyang Huanwu Decoction treatment significantly improved tissue pathological damage, reduced collagen deposition, and alleviated lipid metabolism dysregulation. Western blot analysis confirmed that Buyang Huanwu Decoction mediated the upregulation of PPARG and inhibited the activation of the SPP1/CD44 pathway. The multi-omics study elucidated the role of the PPARG/SPP1/CD44 pathway as a key regulatory factor in lipid metabolism in IPF, providing evidence that Buyang Huanwu Decoction exerted its antifibrotic effects through this novel mechanism and thus offering new insights into the therapeutic prospects for IPF.
Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/administration & dosage* ; Signal Transduction/drug effects* ; PPAR gamma/genetics* ; Humans ; Osteopontin/genetics* ; Lipid Metabolism/drug effects* ; Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis/genetics* ; Hyaluronan Receptors/genetics* ; Rats ; Male ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Molecular Docking Simulation

Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) is the pillar for the development of motherland medicine, and animal medicine has a long history of application in China, characterized by wide resources, strong activity, definite efficacy, and great benefits. It has significant potential and important status in the consumption market of raw materials of TCM. In the context of global climate change, farming system alterations, and low renewability, the depletion of wild medicinal animal resources has accelerated. Accordingly, the conservation and sustainable utilization of wild resources of animal medicinal materials has become a problem that garners increasing attention and urgently needs to be solved. This paper summarizes the current situation of domestic and foreign medicinal animal breeding and research progress in industrial application in recent years and points out the issues related to standardized breeding, germplasm selection and breeding, and quality evaluation standards for medicinal animals. Furthermore, this paper discusses standardized breeding, quality standards, resource protection and utilization, and the search for alternative resources for rare and endangered medicinal animals. It proposes that researchers should systematically carry out in-depth basic research on animal medicine, improve the breeding scale and level of medicinal animals, employ modern technology to enhance the quality standards of medicinal materials, and strengthen the research and development of alternative resources. This approach aims to effectively address the relationship between protection and utilization and make a significant contribution to the sustainable development of medicinal animal resources and the animal-based Chinese medicinal material industry.
Animals ; Breeding ; China ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Conservation of Natural Resources

OBJECTIVE: To explore the surgical method and clinical efficacy of hip arthroplasty in the treatment of old non-union femoral intertrochanteric fractures. METHODS: Fifteen unoperated patients suffering from old non-union femoral intertrochanteric fractures from Feburary 2013 to Feburary 2023 were treated with hip arthroplasty including 9 males and 6 females, aged 71 to 82 years old. Eleven cases detected deep venous thrombosis(DVT), 9 cases received lower vena cava filter implantation. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, intraoperative and postoperative blood transfusion, postoperative hemoglobin content, procedure-related complications, and the range of motion of hip flexion, abduction motion were recorded. The degree of hip pain was evaluated using a visual analogue scale(VAS). The hip Harris scores were used to evaluated the clinical efficacy. RESULTS: All patients were followed up for 3 to 12 months. The intraoperative blood loss was 200 to 400 ml, intraoperative blood transfusion was 0 to 400 ml, and the operation time was 40 to 90 min. All 15 patients had different degrees of anemia after surgery, the 3 days postoperative hemoglobin was 72 to 97 g·L^-1, and the postoperative transfusion volume was 0 to 400 ml. All patients had no periprosthetic infection, poor incision healing, lower limb deep vein thrombosis, and cerebral infarction. One case occurred in the early postoperative period, which disappeared from 4 to 5 days after operation, and there was no further revision at the last follow-up. The VAS was 6 to 7 points before operation and 2 to 4 points at latest follow-up;the hip Harris score was 2 to 13 points before operation and 73 to 84 points at latest follow-up. CONCLUSION The unoperated patients of old non-union femoral intertrochanteric fractures had significant clinical and imaging characteristics. Hip arthroplasty combined with or without femoral calcar reconstruction in the treatment of old non-union femoral intertrochanteric fractures had the advantages of relatively simple manipulation, rigid fixation, relatively safe operation, and relatively exact efficacy.
Humans ; Male ; Female ; Aged ; Hip Fractures/physiopathology* ; Aged, 80 and over ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip/methods*

OBJECTIVE: A new three-dimensional(3D) classification of posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) tibial avulsion fracture based on computed tomography(CT) features was established and the significance in clinical treatment was explored in this study. METHODS: From May 2013 to November 2023, 43 cases of PCL tibial avulsion fracture in the Second Hospital of Jilin University were analyzed retrospectively, including 29 males and 14 females, aged (34.3±8.5) years. According to traditional Meyers and McKeever classification, 3 cases were typeⅠ;2 cases of typeⅡ;38 cases were type Ⅲ. Based on the characteristics of CT images, 43 patients were given specific treatment strategies and followed up to evaluate the curative effect. According to the degree of fracture displacement, involved range and the integrity of fracture block demonstrated by CT images, the new three-dimensional classification of PCL avulsion fracture was established. Kappa coefficient was used for consistency test. RESULTS: A new 3D classification of PCL tibial avulsion fracture was established. TypeⅠwas the non-displaced fracture (displacement degree ≤3 mm), in which typeⅠa was the avulsion range limited in the posterior intercondylar fossa, and Ib was the avulsion range beyond the posterior intercondylar fossa. TypeⅡrepresented the displaced fracture in the posterior intercondylar fossa (avulsion limited to the posterior intercondylar fossa and fracture displacement>3 mm), in which typeⅡa represented a slight displacement with a intact broken block and the posterior elevation of the avulsion (hinge mechanism), typeⅡb represented the complete separation of fracture ends with a intact fracture block, and typeⅡc was the comminuted fracture. Type Ⅲ was the displaced fracture beyond the posterior intercondylar fossa (avulsion involving the articular surface of the tibial plateau or the intercondylar ridge and the degree of displacement > 3 mm), among which type Ⅲa was the simple fracture with intact broken block, type Ⅲb represented the comminuted fracture, and type Ⅲc was the complex fracture with tibial plateau fracture. According to this new 3D classification, 43 patients were classified as type Ia in 2 cases and typeⅠb in 1 case;typeⅡa in 2 cases, typeⅡb in 15 cases and typeⅡc in 7 cases;type Ⅲa in 2 cases, type Ⅲb in 5 cases and type Ⅲc in 9 cases. All the 43 cases in this study achieved bone union. At the last follow-up, according to the hospital for special surgery knee score(HSS)evaluation system for the knee joint function, 27 cases were excellent, 11 cases were good, 5 cases were fair. The average Kappa value of inter-observer reliability in the first stage was 0.793, and the second stage was 0.855. The average Kappa value of the whole stage was 0.839, indicating high level of consistency. The average Kappa value of intra-observer reliability was 0.893, indicating high level of consistency. CONCLUSION The 3D classification of PCL tibial avulsion fracture is intuitive, demonstrating a high level of reliability. It has a certain guiding significance for the selection of clinical treatment methods, and it is suggested to be promoted and applied as a new classification system in clinical practice.
Humans ; Male ; Female ; Posterior Cruciate Ligament/surgery* ; Adult ; Tibial Fractures/classification* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Fractures, Avulsion/classification* ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Young Adult

Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a clinically rare, genetically and phenotypically heterogeneous condition characterized by chronic respiratory tract infections, male infertility, tympanitis, and laterality abnormalities. PCD is typically resulted from variants in genes encoding assembly or structural proteins that are indispensable for the movement of motile cilia. Here, we identified a novel nonsense mutation, c.466G>T, in cilia- and flagella-associated protein 300 ( CFAP300 ) resulting in a stop codon (p.Glu156*) through whole-exome sequencing (WES). The proband had a PCD phenotype with laterality defects and immotile sperm flagella displaying a combined loss of the inner dynein arm (IDA) and outer dynein arm (ODA). Bioinformatic programs predicted that the mutation is deleterious. Successful pregnancy was achieved through intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Our results expand the spectrum of CFAP300 variants in PCD and provide reproductive guidance for infertile couples suffering from PCD caused by them.
Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Pregnancy ; China ; Ciliary Motility Disorders/genetics* ; Codon, Nonsense ; East Asian People/genetics* ; Exome Sequencing ; Homozygote ; Infertility, Male/genetics* ; Kartagener Syndrome/genetics* ; Pedigree ; Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic ; Cytoskeletal Proteins/genetics*

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the dynamic changes of glucocorticoid (GC) dose and the feasibility of GC discontinuation in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients under the background of Chinese medicine (CM). METHODS: This multicenter retrospective cohort study included 1,196 RA patients enrolled in the China Rheumatoid Arthritis Registry of Patients with Chinese Medicine (CERTAIN) from September 1, 2019 to December 4, 2023, who initiated GC therapy. Participants were divided into the Western medicine (WM) and integrative medicine (IM, combination of CM and WM) groups based on medication regimen. Follow-up was performed at least every 3 months to assess dynamic changes in GC dose. Changes in GC dose were analyzed by generalized estimator equation, the probability of GC discontinuation was assessed using Kaplan-Meier curve, and predictors of GC discontinuation were analyzed by Cox regression. Patients with <12 months of follow-up were excluded for the sensitivity analysis. RESULTS: Among 1,196 patients (85.4% female; median age 56.4 years), 880 (73.6%) received IM. Over a median 12-month follow-up, 34.3% (410 cases) discontinued GC, with significantly higher rates in the IM group (40.8% vs. 16.1% in WM; P<0.05). GC dose declined progressively, with IM patients demonstrating faster reductions (median 3.75 mg vs. 5.00 mg in WM at 12 months; P<0.05). Multivariate Cox analysis identified age <60 years [P<0.001, hazard ratios (HR)=2.142, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.523-3.012], IM therapy (P=0.001, HR=2.175, 95% CI: 1.369-3.456), baseline GC dose ⩽7.5 mg (P=0.003, HR=1.637, 95% CI: 1.177-2.275), and absence of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs use (P=0.001, HR=2.546, 95% CI: 1.432-4.527) as significant predictors of GC discontinuation. Sensitivity analysis (545 cases) confirmed these findings. CONCLUSIONS RA patients receiving CM face difficulties in following guideline-recommended GC discontinuation protocols. IM can promote GC discontinuation and is a promising strategy to reduce GC dependency in RA management. (Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, No. NCT05219214).
Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid/drug therapy* ; Glucocorticoids/therapeutic use* ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Retrospective Studies

Drug repurposing offers a promising alternative to traditional drug development and significantly reduces costs and timelines by identifying new therapeutic uses for existing drugs. However, the current approaches often rely on limited data sources and simplistic hypotheses, which restrict their ability to capture the multi-faceted nature of biological systems. This study introduces adaptive multi-view learning (AMVL), a novel methodology that integrates chemical-induced transcriptional profiles (CTPs), knowledge graph (KG) embeddings, and large language model (LLM) representations, to enhance drug repurposing predictions. AMVL incorporates an innovative similarity matrix expansion strategy and leverages multi-view learning (MVL), matrix factorization, and ensemble optimization techniques to integrate heterogeneous multi-source data. Comprehensive evaluations on benchmark datasets (Fdataset, Cdataset, and Ydataset) and the large-scale iDrug dataset demonstrate that AMVL outperforms state-of-the-art (SOTA) methods, achieving superior accuracy in predicting drug-disease associations across multiple metrics. Literature-based validation further confirmed the model's predictive capabilities, with seven out of the top ten predictions corroborated by post-2011 evidence. To promote transparency and reproducibility, all data and codes used in this study were open-sourced, providing resources for processing CTPs, KG, and LLM-based similarity calculations, along with the complete AMVL algorithm and benchmarking procedures. By unifying diverse data modalities, AMVL offers a robust and scalable solution for accelerating drug discovery, fostering advancements in translational medicine and integrating multi-omics data. We aim to inspire further innovations in multi-source data integration and support the development of more precise and efficient strategies for advancing drug discovery and translational medicine.

Objective To understand the willingness of general practitioner(GP) to enhance working competence in community healthcare centers in Shanghai and provide a basis for the competence training of GPs in community healthcare centers. Methods In August 2023,GPs were selected from some community healthcare centers in Shanghai and their willingness to enhance working competence were studied by a questionnaire survey.The survey included 39 secondary indicators in three dimensions:general practice theory,skills,and humanity. Results A total of 1 192 GPs completed the questionnaire,with an effective rate of 100%.The total score of GPs' willingness to enhance their working competence was 258.45±80.93,and the mean score of the three dimensions was 6.63±2.08.The score for the general practice theory was the highest (6.92±1.95),while that for general practice humanity was the lowest (6.44±2.34) among the three dimensions.The score of willingness to enhance working efficiency differed across different age ranges (P<0.001),professional titles (P<0.001),years of work (P<0.001),and educational backgrounds of GPs (P=0.039).Those with the age younger than 30 years old,junior professional titles,less than 5 years of work experience,and a college degree or below had the highest willingness score to enhance their working competence.Among the top three secondary indicators of willingness score in each dimension,the top three methods of working competence enhancement were community general practice and specialized healthcare services combined with outpatient learning,flexible further training,and continuing education courses.Conclusions There is an urgent need for young GPs in community healthcare centers in Shanghai to enhance their working competence.Targeted enhancement plans can be provided to different groups of GPs with different characteristics through community general practice and specialized healthcare services combined with outpatient learning,flexible further training,and continuing education courses,which can further enhance the ability and quality of the GP team.
Humans ; China ; General Practitioners/psychology* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Community Health Centers ; Clinical Competence ; Female ; Adult ; Male ; Attitude of Health Personnel ; Middle Aged

Drug repurposing offers a promising alternative to traditional drug development and significantly re-duces costs and timelines by identifying new therapeutic uses for existing drugs.However,the current approaches often rely on limited data sources and simplistic hypotheses,which restrict their ability to capture the multi-faceted nature of biological systems.This study introduces adaptive multi-view learning(AMVL),a novel methodology that integrates chemical-induced transcriptional profiles(CTPs),knowledge graph(KG)embeddings,and large language model(LLM)representations,to enhance drug repurposing predictions.AMVL incorporates an innovative similarity matrix expansion strategy and leverages multi-view learning(MVL),matrix factorization,and ensemble optimization techniques to integrate heterogeneous multi-source data.Comprehensive evaluations on benchmark datasets(Fdata-set,Cdataset,and Ydataset)and the large-scale iDrug dataset demonstrate that AMVL outperforms state-of-the-art(SOTA)methods,achieving superior accuracy in predicting drug-disease associations across multiple metrics.Literature-based validation further confirmed the model's predictive capabilities,with seven out of the top ten predictions corroborated by post-2011 evidence.To promote transparency and reproducibility,all data and codes used in this study were open-sourced,providing resources for pro-cessing CTPs,KG,and LLM-based similarity calculations,along with the complete AMVL algorithm and benchmarking procedures.By unifying diverse data modalities,AMVL offers a robust and scalable so-lution for accelerating drug discovery,fostering advancements in translational medicine and integrating multi-omics data.We aim to inspire further innovations in multi-source data integration and support the development of more precise and efficient strategies for advancing drug discovery and translational medicine.

A pyrene-phenol-based fluorescent probe PyP which showed typical intramolecular charge transfer(ICT)and monomer-excimer activities was synthesized by using pyrene carboxaldehyde hydrazone and 4-tert-butyl-2,6-diformylphenol as the raw materials.The effects of solvents on PyP were studied,and the results showed that the color of protic polar solvents(Ethanol,N,N-dimethylformamide,methanol and H2O)were successfully identified.Based on the solvent polarity-regulated PyP monomer-excimer switching,the rapid and highly sensitive ratiometric probe,"Turn-off"and"Turn-on"multimodal probes were established for detection of trace water content in organic solvents(Dimethyl sulfoxide,N,N-dimethylformamide,ethanol and methanol),with detection limits(3σ/k)of 0.0021％,0.046％,0.062％and 0.024％.The method was successfully used to detect water content in dimethyl sulfoxide,N,N-dimethy lformamide,ethanol and methanol commercial organic solvents,with recoveries ranging from 97.2％to 108.0％.The developed method showed good accuracy and stability,and had good application prospect.