Objective: To systematically analyze the current status and influencing factors of platelet supply in medical institutions across China, and to explore the problems and future development directions of the existing supply models. Methods: From February 25 to March 5, 2025, a web-based questionnaire survey was performed. A self-designed questionnaire was distributed to staff in the blood transfusion departments of medical institutions nationwide in China. Data on the current status and influencing factors of platelet supply were collected and analyzed. Results: A total of 2 268 responses were collected in this survey, with 1 366 valid questionnaires finally included, covering 33 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the central government across China. The survey revealed that platelet supply in Chinese medical institutions exhibited a pattern of "sufficient in the eastern region, stable in the central region, and scarce in the western region": adequate in East China; generally favorable in South China except Guangxi; centered on Beijing and Tianjin in North China; basically met but with insufficient reserves in Central China; subject to seasonal fluctuations in Northeast China; only meeting the baseline supply in Yunnan, Guizhou, and Sichuan in Southwest China; and notably short in Qinghai, Ningxia, and Xinjiang in Northwest China. Family donor mobilization was required in 81.2% (1 109/1 366) of institutions, whereas this proportion was only 12.7% (173/1 366) among institutions with sufficient supply. Tertiary hospitals constituted the main users, among which tertiary Class A hospitals had the highest sufficiency rate, and secondary Class B hospitals showed the most pronounced shortage. A total of 84% (1 147/1 366) of institutions lacked a professional management team; only 19% (266/1 366) had an inventory warning system, of which 88% (234/266) considered it effective. Platelet reservation required 3 days in 33% (458/1 366) of institutions. The mandatory transfusion rate was 30.55% (29/118) when the reservation lead time exceeded 3 days, representing an increase of 5.98% compared with 24.57% (55/180) in the same-day reservation group. For optimization, most institutions called for improved blood donation services, strengthened education and incentives, establishment of regional coordination and policy collaboration, and supplementary suggestions focused on technologies for extending platelet shelf life. Conclusion: Regional imbalance in platelet supply across China is prominent, with supply shortages in some provinces, reliance on family donor mobilization in most institutions, weak grassroots support capacity, imperfect management systems, and supply timeliness constraining clinical practice. Systematic improvements are needed in optimizing blood donation services, strengthening regional coordination, improving relevant policies, and developing platelet preservation technologies, so as to enhance the level of supply security and patient safety.

Objective This study reports on the obligatory parasitism of water mites Arrenurus sp. on Anopheles messeae at the Manzhouli Port, Inner Mongolia, China. Methods Duing July 2024, a survey on the mosquito diversity was conducted at the Manzhouli Port. Captured mosquitoes and their ectoparasites were identified to species level. Results A total of 1840 adult mosquitoes were collected, representing species from three genera: Culex(Cx. modestus, Cx. pipiens pallens), Aedes(Ae. dorsalis, Ae. flavidorsalis, Ae. flavescens), and Anopheles (An. messeae). Among all the mosqutioes specimens,3 out of 150 captured An. messeae were found to carry ectoparasitic mites, with number of 2,4,27 mites separately. Morphological and molecular identification reached the same result as water mites(Hydrachnidiae, Hydracrina). COI gene sequence showed 94% similarity with the closest species Arrenurus truncatellus. Conlusions Literature review suggests water mites are host-specific parasitism of mosquito species and herein with the first record of Arrenurus sp. parasiting on An. Messeae in the most high-latitude region globally.

Objective: To systematically investigate the current status of platelet clinical application in Chinese medical institutions based on a nationwide large-sample survey, to analyze the key issues in rational utilization and transfusion efficacy management, and to provide empirical evidence for the construction of a standardized and refined platelet management system. Methods: A selfdesigned online questionnaires was distributed to transfusion department personnel across China to collect and analyze the current clinical application status of platelets. Results: A total of 2 268 questionnaires were collected in this survey, among which 1 375 valid responses were obtained from medical institutions across 33 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government (including Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan). The survey revealed an uneven distribution of clinical platelet consumption; 67.05% of facilities used fewer than 500 platelet u-nits annually, and highvolume demand concentrated in a small number of largescale hospitals. Platelet consumption showed a weak correlation with hospital grade and hospital bed number. The disease spectrum for platelet transfusion was highly concentrated. Hematological diseases constituted the leading indication (reported by 1 022 institutions), followed by traumarelated surgeries and solid tumors. In terms of management practice, 70.3% of participating institutions routinely performed posttransfusion efficacy evaluation. Nevertheless, this practice was limited by inadequate evaluation depth (only 58.3% kept detailed records) and institutional deficiency (12.9% had no relevant evaluation systems), mainly due to insufficient awareness and lack of unified criteria. Although 70.0% of hospitals had established adversereaction management workflows and 91.8% achieved highcoverage adverseevent reporting, prominent drawbacks remained, including nonstandardized implementation (standard practice was adopted merely in 41.9% of centers), unsystematic outcome analysis (regular analysis performed in only 26.4% of institutions), and broken feedback loops (56.3% failed to send feedback to blood collection and supply institutions). More than 90% of hospitals selfrated their rational plateletuse rate above 75%. The primary contributors to inappropriate platelet transfusion included biased assessment of clinical indications and excessive prophylactic transfusion triggered by timerelated imbalance between blood supply and clinical demand. Platelet supply status had no statistically significant correlation with routine posttransfusion assessment and selfevaluated rational use levels. Furthermore, plateletrelated management was confronted with a paradox coexisting of supply shortage and bloodproduct waste. While platelet preparation quality was generally reliable, expiration was the top cause of platelet discard (24.80%). Insufficient and untimely supply (79.3%) and short shelflife (46.0%) were recognized as core systematic challenges. Conclusion: China's current platelet management system features extensive institutional coverage paired with insufficient closedloop effectiveness. First, platelet consumption is highly concentrated, yet supply shortage and expiredproduct discard coexist, reflecting insufficient capacity for dynamic inventory allocation and wholeprocess administration. Second, clinicians generally hold positive selfevaluations for rational platelet application, whereas their clinical decisions are substantially constrained by conflicts between supply and demand, bringing about situational compromises under resource limitations. Third, despite established frameworks for efficacy evaluation and adverseevent management, widespread problems such as irregular documentation, unsystematic data analysis and interrupted crosshospital feedback hinder the transition from formal rules to practical management benefits. Comprehensive strategies should be adopted for future improvement. Clinically, standardized training on transfusion indications and unified criteria for posttransfusion assessment should be popularized. Administratively, intelligent inventory systems ought to be constructed to balance supplydemand matching, and closedloop management covering adverseevent analysis and feedback to bloodsupply agencies should be enforced. At the systematic level, advances in technologies for prolonged platelet storage are urgently required to build a resilient and highefficiency plateletguarantee system.

ObjectiveTo observe the clinical efficacy and safety of Huatan Quyu formula in treating cerebral small vessel disease （CSVD） with phlegm and blood stasis blocking collateral pattern via randomized controlled trial， and explore its mechanism of improving CSVD by regulating glymphatic system （GS） circulation. MethodsSixty-eight CSVD patients with phlegm and blood stasis blocking collateral pattern in the Department of Encephalopathy， Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine from April to December 2024 were selected and randomly divided into an experimental group （34 cases） and a control group， with 34 cases in each group. Both groups received basic Western medicine treatment， while the experimental group additionally received Huatan Quyu formula. After a course of 12 weeks， the following parameters were compared between the two groups before and after treatment. Clinical outcomes were assessed using the Tinetti performance-oriented mobility assessment （POMA）， Montreal Cognitive Assessment （MoCA）， Scales for Outcomes in Parkinson's Disease-Autonomic （SCOPA-AUT）， and traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） syndrome scores of phlegm and blood stasis blocking collateral pattern. Perivascular space （PVS） in the frontal lobe/basal ganglia and cerebrospinal fluid （CSF） flow parameters in the cerebral aqueduct were evaluated by 3.0T brain MRI， cerebrospinal fluid flow imaging， and phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging （PC-MRI）. Then， safety indicators were monitored， and SPSS 25.0 was used for statistical analysis. ResultsSixty-four patients completed the study （32 in each group）. ①Baseline data： No statistically significant difference was found between the two group. ②Efficacy indicators： After treatment， the experimental group exhibited significantly improved total POMA， SCOPA-AUT， and TCM syndrome scores （P<0.01）， outperforming the control group （P<0.05）. No significant change was observed in MoCA scores between the two groups. ③Imaging indicators： The experimental group showed a reduced PVS area alongside significantly increased CSF flow parameters （including downward flow during the systolic period， and upward flow during the diastolic period） （P<0.01）， which were superior to the control group （P<0.01）. ④Safety： The laboratory indicators were normal in both groups， with no drug-related adverse reactions. ConclusionFor CSVD patients with phlegm and blood stasis blocking collateral pattern， Huatan Quyu formula can safely and effectively improve motor function， autonomic nerve function， and TCM syndromes， with potential mechanisms related to pulsatile CSF flow enhancement and GS circulation efficiency improvement.

Abstract To clarify the service targets, service contents, and safeguard mechanisms of the basic public service program for student vision health management, the study grounded in the current status of child and adolescent myopia prevention and control in China and integrated with the practical experience and innovative practices of Wuhan National Demonstration Area for Student Vision Health Management, takes education as the main thread and schools as the base, consolidating resources from multiple stakeholders including education administrative departments, schools, families, and professional technical service institutions. Centering on four core components—vision health education, monitoring and record keeping, risk prevention and control, and dynamic management, the study constructs a multi tiered basic public service system for vision health management of primary and secondary school students. It further proposes the use of an intelligent management platform and a "three tier color coded early warning" mechanism (red, yellow, blue) to prevent and control student myopia at the source, providing schools with replicable and operable implementation pathways to enhance the level of student vision health management.

ObjectiveTo explore the mechanism by which aerobic exercise improves hippocampal neuroinflammation and learning and memory ability in brain-aged mice via interferon regulatory factor 7 (IRF7). MethodsA total of 60 male specific pathogen-free (SPF) C57BL/6J mice were enrolled in the experiment, including 30 young mice (2 months old) and 30 naturally aging mice (12 months old). Young mice and old mice were respectively randomly assigned to four groups: young control group (group C, n=15), young exercise group (group CE, n=15), and aging control group (group A, n=15), aging exercise group (group AE, n=15). Mice in the exercise groups received an 8-week continuous treadmill aerobic exercise intervention, while control mice were kept under routine feeding without exercise intervention. After the intervention, Barnes maze and Y-maze behavioral tests were performed to comprehensively assess the learning and memory abilities of each group of mice. Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the ultrastructural morphological changes of hippocampal synapses. Western blot assay was utilized to detect the protein expression and phosphorylation levels of Janus kinase 1 (JAK1), signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1), as well as the expression of postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD95). Immunofluorescence staining was applied to quantify the fluorescence intensity of ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (IBA1) in hippocampal tissues. The expression levels of inflammatory cytokines including interferon-α (IFN-α), interferon-β (IFN-β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to detect the mRNA expression level of IRF7, and DNA methylation assay was further conducted to analyze the methylation level of the IRF7 gene in mouse hippocampus. ResultsAt the molecular level, compared with group C, the protein expression levels of JAK1, STAT1, p‑JAK1, and p‑STAT1 in group A were significantly increased (P<0.05), whereas PSD95 expression was decreased (P<0.05). ELISA assays showed that the levels of IFN‑α, IFN‑β, TNF‑α, and IL‑1β were significantly elevated in group A (P<0.001). RT‑PCR analysis revealed that, compared with group C, the mRNA expression of IRF7 in group A was markedly upregulated (P<0.000 1), while the CpG methylation rate of the IRF7 promoter was significantly reduced (P<0.05). In contrast, all the above parameters in the AE group showed improvements relative to those in group A. Immunofluorescence staining indicated positive IBA1 expression in the brain tissues of group A mice. Exercise intervention reversed these abnormal changes. ConclusionIn aged mice, aerobic exercise induces hypermethylation of the IRF7 promoter region, suppresses IRF7 expression and activation of the downstream IFN‑I/JAK1/STAT1 signaling pathway, accompanied by alleviated neuroinflammation, improved learning and memory, and ameliorated brain aging-related phenotypes.

Objective To predict the quality markers of Alismatis Rhizoma and salted Alismatis Rhizoma based on fingerprints and multivariate statistical analysis combined with network pharmacology.Methods HPLC-DAD method was used to establish fingerprints of Alismatis Rhizoma and salted Alismatis Rhizoma.Based on the peak area data of the fingerprints,clustering analysis,principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis were employed to evaluate the quality of 10 batches of Alismatis Rhizoma and 12 batches of salted Alismatis Rhizoma.The main components with quality differences were screened.Network pharmacology was used to analyze the targets and related pathways of the screened components,A component-target-pathway network was constructed,and molecular docking was used to verify.Quality markers of Alismatis Rhizoma and salted Alismatis Rhizoma were predicted.Results The HPLC fingerprints of Alismatis Rhizoma and salted Alismatis Rhizoma were established.The similarity evaluation showed that the similarity of 10 batches of Alismatis Rhizoma and 12 batches of salted Alismatis Rhizoma ranges from 0.991 to 0.998,0.992 to 1.000,respectively.Nine components with quality differences were identified through multivariate statistical analysis,and five of them were identified as alismoxide,alisol C,alismol,alisol B,23-acetate alisol B.Network pharmacological analysis suggested 278 targets of action associated with the five components.The main signaling pathways of KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were closely related to the main efficacy and modern pharmacological effects of Alismatis Rhizoma and salted Alismatis Rhizoma.These 5 components were preliminary predicted as quality markers for Alismatis Rhizoma and salted Alismatis Rhizoma.Conclusion This study predicted 5 quality markers for Alismatis Rhizoma and salted Alismatis Rhizoma,which can provide reference for their quality control and further research.

Objective:To develop a treatment-related quality of life scale for Chinese patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and to test its reliability and validity.Methods:The initial scale was constructed through a literature search, Delphi expert correspondence, and cognitive testing. This study conducted a preliminary survey of 379 patients with MM and a formal survey of 865 patients from the hematology departments of 155 hospitals nationwide from February 2024 to March 2024. The final scale was obtained after conducting item analysis and reliability and validity tests on the initial scale.Results:The constructed scale contains 36 items covering six domains: physiological, psychological, social, treatment side effects, general health, and others. In the preliminary survey, the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of each item ranged from 0.597 to 0.939, and the test-retest reliability was 0.747 ( P<0.001). Exploratory factor analysis extracted eight common factors with a cumulative variance contribution of 60.058%. In the formal survey, the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of each item ranged from 0.484 to 0.930, and the test-retest reliability was 0.835 ( P<0.001). Confirmatory factor analysis revealed a comparative fit index of 0.750, a root-mean-square error of approximation of 0.090, and a root-mean-square residual of 0.067. Conclusion:The treatment-related quality of life scale for Chinese patients with MM designed in this study exhibited good reliability and validity, reflecting the impact of treatment on the quality of life of patients. This scale can provide a reference to clinicians for assessing the disease status of patients.

Objective:To explore the clinical characteristics and genetic etiology of a child with Oral-facial-digital syndrome type Ⅰ(OFDSⅠ).Method:A child with OFDSⅠ who received treatment at the Women and Children′s Hospital Affiliated to Ningbo University in March 2023 was selected as the study subject. A retrospective research method was used to collect the clinical data of the child. Peripheral venous blood samples were collected from the child, her parents and sister. Genomic DNA was extracted, and whole exome sequencing (WES) was performed. Candidate variants were validated using Sanger sequencing for familial verification. According to the Standards and Guidelines for the Interpretation of Sequence Variants developed by the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) (hereinafter referred to as the " ACMG Guidelines" ), the pathogenicity of the candidate variant was rated. This study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Ningbo University Affiliated Women and Children′s Hospital (Ethic No.: EC 2024-063).Results:The child was a prematurely born female with deformities of the oral cavity, fingers, and toes. She was admitted to the Neonatal Department of the Hospital where she was born due to shortness of breath 15 minutes after birth. The WES results indicated that the child has harbored a heterozygous c. 710dup(p.Y238Vfs*2) frameshifting variant of the OFD1 gene. Sanger sequencing confirmed that neither of the child′s parents nor her sister had carried the same variant. According to the ACMG guidelines, the variant was rated as pathogenic (PVS1+ PS4_Moderate+ PM2-Supporting+ PM6_Supporting+ PP4). Conclusion:Children with OFDSⅠ have clinical features such as oral, finger, and toe deformities. The c. 710dup(p.Y238Vfs*2) variant of the OFD1 gene probably underlay the OFDSⅠ in this child. Above result has enriched the mutational spectrum of the OFD1 gene.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of sintilimab combined with bevacizumab in the second-line treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma(MPM).Methods:This was a longitudinal study. Patients with MPM who had progressed after first-line treatment and were admitted to the Day-Care Outpatient Department of Medical Oncology, Ningguo People′s Hospital from February 2019 to February 2022 were included. General clinical data of the patients were collected at baseline. The patients were treated with the second-line treatment regimen of sintilimab (200 mg)+bevacizumab (15 mg/kg) on a 21-day cycle. Enhanced CT scans were performed every 3 cycles to evaluate the efficacy until tumor progression or death. Follow-up period ended in December 2023. The primary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Efficacy was evaluated according to the modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (mRECIST), and the best response of each patient was recorded. The objective response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR) were calculated. Adverse reactions were graded according to the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI-CTCAE), ranging from grade Ⅰto Ⅳ. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to analyze PFS and OS, and survival times were expressed as median values.Results:A total of 23 MPM patients were included, with the mean age of (55.04±13.27)years, 15 males, 8 females, 19 cases of epithelial type and 4 cases of non-epithelial type. The Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status scores were 0-1 in 12 patients and 2 in 11 patients. There were 17 smokers and 6 non-smokers, 12 cases with PD-L1 positive and 11 cases with PD-L1 negative, and 6 cases with anti-angiogenic drugs and 17 cases without using anti-angiogenic drugs in the first-line treatment. Of the 23 patients, 1 achieved complete response (CR), 9 achieved partial response (PR), 7 had stable disease (SD), and 6 had progressive disease (PD). The ORR and DCR of the enrolled patients were 43.5% (10/23) and 73.9% (17/23), respectively. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the PFS of the enrolled patients was 7.50 (95% CI: 5.47-9.54) months, and the OS was 12.50 (95% CI: 1.07-23.93) months. The most common adverse reactions related to the treatment of sintilimab combined with bevacizumab were hypertension (14 cases (60.9%)), fatigue (10 cases (43.5%)), decreased appetite (8 cases (34.8%)), proteinuria (6 cases (26.1%)), pruritus (5 cases (21.7%)), constipation (4 cases (17.4%)) and nausea (3 cases (13.0%)), etc. Only 9 patients had grade Ⅲ adverse reactions (8 cases of hypertension and 1 case of nausea), and only 1 patient had grade Ⅳ adverse reaction (hypertension). Conclusion:Sintilimab combined with bevacizumab has some therapeutic effects on progressive MPM, and the adverse reactions are relatively mild.