With the continuous deepening of the concept of precision diagnosis and treatment for lung cancer, how to achieve higher efficiency and accuracy in the screening, diagnosis, and treatment pathways in clinical practice has become an important issue that urgently needs to be overcome. The current clinical difficulty lies in the fact that despite continuous advancements in imaging and molecular diagnostic technologies, there are still limitations in manual efficiency and subjective experience when it comes to massive data analysis and multi-scale feature extraction. Artificial intelligence (AI), especially algorithm systems based on deep learning, is an innovative technology capable of deeply empowering medical big data. This method utilizes algorithms such as convolutional neural networks, combined with radiomics, pathomics, and multi-modal data fusion analysis, demonstrating immense potential in early precise detection and benign-malignant differentiation of pulmonary nodules, digital pathological subtype recognition and non-invasive prediction of driver genes, precise 3D surgical planning and automatic delineation of radiotherapy target volumes, as well as dynamic risk warning during follow-up. This innovative technology provides a brand-new solution for realizing intelligent and individualized lung cancer diagnosis and treatment models. This consensus, based on the latest evidence from evidence-based medicine and combined with the development trends in the AI field and real-world clinical needs, was ultimately formed by gathering the consensus opinions of multidisciplinary experts in radiology, pathology, thoracic surgery, and other fields. The main content covers the application specifications of AI in the three core scenarios of lung cancer screening, diagnosis, and treatment, the technical standards for data collection and algorithm validation, as well as the ethical and regulatory challenges faced at the current stage. It aims to clarify the applicable boundaries of AI as a clinical auxiliary decision support tool, providing scientific guidance and standardized exploration directions for peers currently engaged in or planning to carry out AI-assisted clinical diagnosis, treatment, and translation of lung cancer.

Sichuan Province is a hilly schistosomiasis-endemic province in China with the highest endemicity and largest coverage. During the period of more than 70 years of integrated control, there are five distinct phases of schistosomiasis control in Sichuan Province, including baseline investigation, Oncomelania hupensis snail control, chemotherapy for both humans and livestock, management of source of Schistosoma japonicum infections, and sustained control and intensified surveillance and early warning, and a package of key interventions are implemented, including environmental modification, snail control with chemical treatment, large-scale chemotherapy for humans and livestock, management of source of S. japonicum infections, intensified integrated control, establishment of an early warning and surveillance system. As a result, schistosomiasis has been eliminated across all 63 disease-endemic counties (cities, districts) in Sichuan Province by June 2025. Government-led multi-sectoral collaborations, science and technology-supported precision control strategies, and a sustainable control model tailored to the ecological and socio-economic conditions in endemic regions are essential to achieving the target of schistosomiasis elimination in Sichuan Province.

This paper systematically analyzes schistosomiasis transmission risks during the elimination stage and reviews the evolution of the schistosomiasis surveillance system in China from a One Health perspective, with a special emphasis on schistosomiasis surveillance and response practices during the elimination stage from a One Health perspective. These practices include precise screening of human schistosomiasis under low-endemicity conditions, systematic monitoring of schistosomiasis in domestic and wild animals, ecological management of Oncomelania snails, and information-coordinated responses. Nevertheless, the current surveillance and response system for schistosomiasis suffers from challenges of insufficient cross-sectoral coordination and complex external environments, which constrain precise schistosomiasis surveillance and response in China. Therefore, it is urgently necessary to integrate coordination mechanisms, empower the surveillance system with technological innovation, improve capacity building, and actively promote diverse social participation in the One Health framework, so as to consolidate current schistosomiasis control achievements and achieve the target for schistosomiasis elimination across China, which may provide a replicable technical model for global zoonoses control.

Chronic post-dissection aortic aneurysms (PDAAs) are severe long-term complications following surgical or medical conservative management of aortic dissection, primarily caused by persistent perfusion of the residual false lumen. The persistent patency of the residual false lumen is the key pathological mechanism leading to adverse distal aortic remodeling, which can result in progressive aortic dilation, increased risk of rupture, and elevated reintervention requirements, significantly affecting patients' long-term prognosis. This article reviews the latest research progress on assessment methods, influencing factors, and intervention strategies for distal aortic remodeling in PDAAs, aiming to provide reference for clinical decision-making.

Objective:To systematically review the diagnostic value of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography(18F-FDG PET/CT)on recurrence or metastasis of patients with ovarian cancer whose postoperative serum carbohydrate antigen 125(CA125)occurred abnormal elevation.Methods:A systematic search was conducted in foreign databases,including PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library(Central)and Web of Science(SCI-Expanded),as well as Chinese databases,such as China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),VIP Network,Wanfang Database,and China Biology Medicine(CBM),for the studies that were published between January 2010 and January 2023 on the diagnostic value of 18F-FDG PET/CT on recurrence or metastasis of patients with ovarian cancer whose postoperative serum CA125 levels occurred abnormal elevation.The quality of the included studies was assessed by using the QUADAS-2 quality evaluation tool in Review Manager 5.4 software.The effective data were extracted,and effect quantities were merged,and heterogeneity test was conducted through Meta-Disc 1.4 software.Publication bias of the included studies was tested by using Stata 14.0 software.Results:A total of seven literatures were involved in this research,and 290 patients with ovarian cancer were included to conduct heterogeneity test,which revealed I2 values all were greater than 50%.Therefore,the a fixed-effect model was used to merge effect quantity.The results demonstrated that the diagnostic accuracy was higher,and the sensitivity,specificity,positive likelihood ratio,negative likelihood ratio,and diagnostic odds ratio(DOR)of the mergement were respectively 0.95(95%CI:0.91-0.98),0.83(95%CI:0.70-0.92),4.84(95%CI:2.82-8.31),0.07(95%CI:0.04-0.13)and 73.53(95%CI:28.00-187.90).The area under curve(AUC)value of receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC)was 0.9527,and the diagnostic accuracy of 18F-FDG PET/CT for metastasis or recurrence in patients with ovarian cancer,whose postoperative serum CA125 levels occurred elevation,reached to 95.27%.Publication bias testing showed there was no evidence of publication bias.Conclusion:18F-FDG PET/CT exhibits higher accuracy in diagnosing recurrence or metastasis in patients with ovarian cancer whose postoperative serum CA125 levels occurred elevation,which can sensitively and accurately confirmed postoperative recurrence or metastasis of patients with ovarian cancer,and early find the lesions of metastasis or recurrence of ovarian cancer.

Objective:To verify the performance of the immunoturbidimetric assay(ITMA)kit of detecting oxidized low-density lipoprotein(ox-LDL).Methods:In accordance with the requirements of China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment[(CNAS)-GL037:2019]and the National Health Industry Standards,the precision,trueness,linear range and reportable range of ITMA test kit for ox-LDL were verified on AU5800 fully automatic biochemical analyzer,which were compared with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)of Mercodia comparison reagents for ox-LDL through experiment of methodological comparison.Results:The coefficients of variation(CV)values of within-run and between-run precisions of the two concentration levels of quality control materials in the ITMA reagent kit for ox-LDL were respectively(3.74%,3.36%)and(4.75%,5.49%).The trueness bias of the two concentration levels of standards were respectively 0.46%and 1.78%,and the linear range was(15-120 U/L),which verification regression coefficient was R2=0.999 5 with a slope of 0.989.The maximum dilution multiple was 4 times,and the upper limitation of the clinically reportable range was 240.00 U/L.The manufacturer-provided biological reference interval was 0-64.49 U/L,and the coincidence rate was 100%.The results of hemoglobin,bilirubin,triglycerides,high density lipoprotein(HDL),low density lipoprotein(LDL)and rheumatoid factor were respectively 10 mg/ml,342 μmol/L,10.0 mg/ml,100 mg/dl,200 mg/dl,<200 IU/ml.The stationary duration was there was not influence within 30 h after opened the kit.The correlation between ITMA and ELISA detection methods was excellent(R2=0.9766).The positive and negative coincidence rates of clinical identification were respectively 92.3%and 96.5%.Conclusion:The performances of ox-LDL ITMA test kit based on fully automatic biochemical analyzer can all meet the requirement of clinical application,which shows excellent consistency with the results of ELISA method.

Objective:To investigate the effect of mast cell-derived chemokine C-C motif ligand 5 (CCL5) on the migration of CD8 + T cells from vitiligo patients under oxidative stress conditions. Methods:From January 2017 to January 2023, 10 patients with progressive segmental vitiligo, 10 patients with non-segmental vitiligo, and 10 healthy individuals were collected from the Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital. Skin tissue samples were obtained from the lesions of vitiligo patients and from the normal skin of healthy individuals, with sampling sites including the face, neck, and upper extremities, and toluidine blue staining was performed to analyze the characteristics of mast cells infiltrating the skin lesions. The effect of H 2O 2 treatment on mast cells was investigated in Transwell chambers. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from vitiligo patients were added to the upper chamber, while the human mast cell line LAD2 was added to the lower chamber and divided into 4 groups to receive different treatments: untreated group receiving no special treatment, H 2O 2 group pretreated with H 2O 2, H 2O 2 + neutralization antibody group pretreated with H 2O 2 followed by the treatment with CCL5/RANTES-neutralizing antibodies, and H 2O 2 + PF group pretreated with H 2O 2 followed by the treatment with a Janus kinase 3/non-receptor protein tyrosine kinase selective inhibitor PF-06651600. After 6 hours of co-incubation, cell suspensions were collected from the lower chamber. The number of CD8 + T cells was counted using flow cytometry, and the CCL5 level in the cell culture supernatant was detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. One-way analysis of variance was used to analyze differences among groups, and least significant difference- t test was used for multiple comparisons. Pearson correlation analysis was performed for correlation analysis. Results:In the 200 × magnification field, the numbers of infiltrating mast cells significantly differed among segmental vitiligo lesions, non-segmental vitiligo lesions, and normal skin tissues (15.7 ± 3.3, 20.9 ± 3.9, 7.2 ± 2.9, respectively; F = 8.07, P = 0.002) ; additionally, the number of infiltrating mast cells was significantly higher in the segmental or non-segmental vitiligo lesions than in the normal skin tissues (LSD- t = 3.50, 5.70, P = 0.047, 0.001, respectively), but there was no significant difference between the segmental and non-segmental vitiligo lesions (LSD- t = 2.20, P = 0.293). A significant positive correlation was observed between the number of infiltrating mast cells and that of CD8 + T cells in the vitiligo lesions ( r = 0.82, P = 0.004). The numbers of CD8 + T cells and CCL5 levels significantly differed among the untreated group, H 2O 2 group, H 2O 2 + neutralization antibody group, and H 2O 2 + PF group (CD8 + T cells: 197.0 ± 45.9, 580.4 ± 62.6, 296.0 ± 43.2, 398.6 ± 62.8, respectively; CCL5: 2.2 ± 0.6 pg/ml, 9.9 ± 1.3 pg/ml, 3.4 ± 0.4 pg/ml, 6.33 ± 0.7 pg/ml, respectively; F = 11.03, 17.77, respectively, both P < 0.001) ; additionally, the H 2O 2 group showed significantly increased numbers of CD8 + T cells and CCL5 levels compared with the untreated group, H 2O 2 + neutralization antibody group, and H 2O 2 + PF group (all P < 0.05) . Conclusion:Mast cells may be involved in the pathogenesis of vitiligo under oxidative stress, and mast cell-derived CCL5 appears to contribute to the occurrence and development of vitiligo by affecting CD8 + T cell migration.

Objective:To investigate the effect of mast cell-derived chemokine C-C motif ligand 5 (CCL5) on the migration of CD8 + T cells from vitiligo patients under oxidative stress conditions. Methods:From January 2017 to January 2023, 10 patients with progressive segmental vitiligo, 10 patients with non-segmental vitiligo, and 10 healthy individuals were collected from the Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital. Skin tissue samples were obtained from the lesions of vitiligo patients and from the normal skin of healthy individuals, with sampling sites including the face, neck, and upper extremities, and toluidine blue staining was performed to analyze the characteristics of mast cells infiltrating the skin lesions. The effect of H 2O 2 treatment on mast cells was investigated in Transwell chambers. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from vitiligo patients were added to the upper chamber, while the human mast cell line LAD2 was added to the lower chamber and divided into 4 groups to receive different treatments: untreated group receiving no special treatment, H 2O 2 group pretreated with H 2O 2, H 2O 2 + neutralization antibody group pretreated with H 2O 2 followed by the treatment with CCL5/RANTES-neutralizing antibodies, and H 2O 2 + PF group pretreated with H 2O 2 followed by the treatment with a Janus kinase 3/non-receptor protein tyrosine kinase selective inhibitor PF-06651600. After 6 hours of co-incubation, cell suspensions were collected from the lower chamber. The number of CD8 + T cells was counted using flow cytometry, and the CCL5 level in the cell culture supernatant was detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. One-way analysis of variance was used to analyze differences among groups, and least significant difference- t test was used for multiple comparisons. Pearson correlation analysis was performed for correlation analysis. Results:In the 200 × magnification field, the numbers of infiltrating mast cells significantly differed among segmental vitiligo lesions, non-segmental vitiligo lesions, and normal skin tissues (15.7 ± 3.3, 20.9 ± 3.9, 7.2 ± 2.9, respectively; F = 8.07, P = 0.002) ; additionally, the number of infiltrating mast cells was significantly higher in the segmental or non-segmental vitiligo lesions than in the normal skin tissues (LSD- t = 3.50, 5.70, P = 0.047, 0.001, respectively), but there was no significant difference between the segmental and non-segmental vitiligo lesions (LSD- t = 2.20, P = 0.293). A significant positive correlation was observed between the number of infiltrating mast cells and that of CD8 + T cells in the vitiligo lesions ( r = 0.82, P = 0.004). The numbers of CD8 + T cells and CCL5 levels significantly differed among the untreated group, H 2O 2 group, H 2O 2 + neutralization antibody group, and H 2O 2 + PF group (CD8 + T cells: 197.0 ± 45.9, 580.4 ± 62.6, 296.0 ± 43.2, 398.6 ± 62.8, respectively; CCL5: 2.2 ± 0.6 pg/ml, 9.9 ± 1.3 pg/ml, 3.4 ± 0.4 pg/ml, 6.33 ± 0.7 pg/ml, respectively; F = 11.03, 17.77, respectively, both P < 0.001) ; additionally, the H 2O 2 group showed significantly increased numbers of CD8 + T cells and CCL5 levels compared with the untreated group, H 2O 2 + neutralization antibody group, and H 2O 2 + PF group (all P < 0.05) . Conclusion:Mast cells may be involved in the pathogenesis of vitiligo under oxidative stress, and mast cell-derived CCL5 appears to contribute to the occurrence and development of vitiligo by affecting CD8 + T cell migration.

OBJECTIVE To provide standardized whole-process guidance on drug traceability codes for medical institutions in Sichuan province， ensuring medication safety and compliance with medical insurance supervision requirements. METHODS Based on evidence-based principles and expert consensus， Expert Consensus on Whole-process Management of Drug Traceability Codes in Medical Institutions of Sichuan Province （hereinafter referred to as the Consensus） was formulated through systematic literature review， field investigations， establishment of a multidisciplinary expert committee and multiple rounds of questionnare consultation via the modified Delphi method， and finalized through consensus meetings. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS The Consensus clarifies key operating procedures for code verification， code assignment and code return， whole-process operational standards for drug warehouse acceptance and storage， drug warehouse outbound delivery and pharmacy acceptance check， drug distribution and dispensing in pharmacy and intravenous admixture center， medication administration in nursing units and examination departments， as well as drug return process. Key recommendations are proposed such as improving the core functions of the drug traceability system， unifying the hospital-wide traceability code database， strengthening the management of traceability codes for backup medications， establishing a management organization and institutional framework， and optimizing the architectural design and data governance requirements of the drug traceability system. The release of the Consensus will provide scientific， standardized and implementable practical guidelines for medical institutions of Sichuan province， helping to improve closed-loop management of the drug traceability system， strengthen medication safety and fulfil medical insurance fund supervision.

Objective To investigate the effectiveness of the integrated schistosomiasis control programme in Sichuan Province during the stage moving from transmission interruption to elimination (2015—2023), so as to provide insights into formulation of the schistosomiasis control measures during the post-elimination stage. Methods Schistosomiasis control data were retrospectively collected from departments of health, agriculture and rural affairs, forestry and grassland, water resources, and natural resources in Sichuan Province from 2015 to 2023, and a database was created to document examinations and treatments of human and livestock schistosomiasis, and snail survey and control, conversion of paddy fields to dry fields, ditch hardening, rivers and lakes management and building of forests for snail control and schistosomiasis prevention. The completion of schistosomiasis control measures was investigated, and the effectiveness was evaluated. Results A total of 20 545 155 person-times received human schistosomiasis examinations in Sichuan Province during the period from 2015 to 2023, and 232 157 person-times were seropositive, with a reduction in the seroprevalence from 2.10% (44 299/2 107 003) in 2015 to 1.12% (9 361/837 896) in 2023 (χ² = 7.68, P < 0.001). The seroprevalence of human schistosomiasis appeared a tendency towards a decline in Sichuan Province over years from 2015 to 2023 (b = −8.375, t = −10.052, P < 0.001); however, no egg positive individuals were identified during the period from 2018 to 2023, with the prevalence of human Schistosoma japonicum infections maintained at 0. Expanded chemotherapy was administered to 2 754 515 person-times, and medical assistance of advanced schistosomiasis was given to 6 436 persontimes, with the treatment coverage increasing from 46.80% (827/1 767) in 2015 to 64.87% (868/1 338) in 2023. Parasitological tests for livestock schistosomiasis were performed in 35 113 herd-times, and expanded chemotherapy was administered to 513 043 herd-times, while the number of fenced livestock decreased from 121 631 in 2015 to 103 489 in 2023, with a reduction of 14.92%. Snail survey covered 433 621.80 hm² in Sichuan Province from 2015 to 2023, with 204 602.81 hm² treated by chemical control and 4 637.74 hm² by environmental modifications. The area of snail habitats decreased from the peak of 5 029.80 hm² in 2016 to 3 709.72 hm² in 2023, and the actual area of snail habitats decreased from the peak of 8 585.48 hm² in 2016 to 473.09 hm² in 2023. The mean density of living snails remained low across the study period except in 2017 (0.62 snails/0.1 m²). Schistosomiasis control efforts by departments of agriculture and rural affairs in Sichuan Province included conversion of paddy fields to dry fields covering 153 346.93 hm², hardening of 6 110.31 km ditches, building of 70 356 biogas digesters, replacement of cattle with 227 161 sets of machines, and captive breeding of 21 161 070 livestock from 2015 to 2023, and the control efforts by departments of water resources included rivers and lakes management measuring 5 676.92 km and renovation of 2 331 irrigation areas, while the control efforts by departments of forestry and grassland included building of forests for snail control and schistosomiasis prevention covering 23 913.33 hm², renovation of snail control forests covering 8 720 hm² and newly building of shelterbelts covering 764 686.67 hm². All 63 endemic counties (cities and districts) had achieved the criterion for schistosomiasis elimination criteria in Sichuan Province by the end of 2023. Conclusion Following the integrated control efforts from 2015 to 2023, remarkable achievements have been obtained in the schistosomiasis control programme in Sichuan Province, with all endemic counties successfully attaining the schistosomiasis elimination target at the county level.