Objective This study aims to compare the accuracy of self-developed universal implant guide(SDG),3D printed digital guide(DG),and free hand(FH)simulated implantation in the posterior tooth area of dental models.Methods Ten junior dentists were selected to place three implants in the 35,37,and 46 tooth sites of the mandibular models(35,36,37,and 46 missing teeth)by using SDG,DG,and FH,and the process was repeated again to take the av-erage value.Cone beam computed tomography(CBCT)was used to evaluate the global coronal deviation,global apical deviation,depth deviation,and angular deviation between the actual position and preoperative planned position.Re-sults The coronal deviation and apical deviation of the three implant sites in the SDG group were not significantly dif-ferent from those in the two other groups(P>0.05).The depth deviation and angular deviation in the SDG group were smaller than those in the DG group(P<0.05)and FH group(P<0.05),respectively.All deviations at site 37 in the SDG group were not different from those at site 35(P>0.05),while the depth and angular deviation at site 37 in the DG group were higher than those at site 35(P<0.05).Conclusion The precision of the self-developed universal dental im-plant guide can meet the requirements of clinical posteri-or implantation.

Cohort study of children and adolescents health is an ideal method to explore health-related problems from childhood to adulthood, to which more attention has been paid. This paper summarizes the progress in cohort study of children and adolescents health conducted both at home and abroad by introducing the study design, main contents. Emphasizing the international exchange and cohort integration, continuously expanding cohort research field, and using multi-source data for high-quality follow-up have become the trend of cohort study of children and adolescents health.

Objective:To explore the application value and surgical experience of neuroendoscopic resection for pediatric patients with cerebellar tumors.Methods:This was a case series study.The clinical data and outcomes of 30 pediatric patients with cerebellar tumors treated through neuroendoscopic surgery in the Department of Neurosurgery, the Guizhou Hospital of Shanghai Children′s Medical Center and Guizhou Provincial People′s Hospital from January 2021 to January 2024 were retrospectively analyzed.Results:Twenty-six patients underwent total resection, 3 patients underwent subtotal resection, and 1 patient underwent biopsy.Postoperative pathological findings showed 9 cases of medulloblastoma, 3 cases of ependymoma, 17 cases of astrocytoma (5 cases of World Health Organization Grade Ⅰ, 3 cases of Grade Ⅱ, and 9 cases of Grade Ⅲ), and 1 case of cerebellar benign lesion.During the perioperative period, malignant arrhythmia occurred and induced death in 1 case, cerebellar mutism occurred in 12 cases, and ataxia occurred in 22 cases.During the 1-36 months of follow-up, 2 cases developed communicating hydrocephalus at the 2 nd and the 6 th month, respectively, and improved after ventriculoperitoneal shunt; cerebellar mutism was relieved to varying degrees after an average postoperative follow-up period of (115±23) days(46-194 days), and ataxia was alleviated after an average postoperative follow-up period of (127±42) days(27-173 days).Tumors relapsed in 5 cases during the last follow-up. Conclusions:Neuroendoscopy provides an alternative to the microscope for experienced operators to achieve the surgical exposure requirements during the resection of pediatric cerebellar vermis tumors.

Objective To design a novel oxygenator to solve the existing problems of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO)machine in high transmembrane pressure difference,low efficiency of blood oxygen exchange and susceptibility to thrombosis.Methods The main body of the oxygenator vascular access flow field was gifted with a flat cylindrical shape.The topology of the vascular access was modeled in three dimensions,and the whole flow field was cut into a blood inlet section,an inlet buffer,a heat exchange zone,a blood oxygen exchange zone,an outlet buffer and a blood outlet section.The oxygenator was compared with Quadrox oxygenator by means of ANSYS FLUENT-based simulation and prototype experiments.Results Simulation calculations showed the oxygenator designed was comparable to the clinically used ones in general,and gained advantages in transmembrane pressure difference,blood oxygen exchange and flow uniformity.Experimental results indicated that the oxygenator behaved better than Quadrox oxygenator in transmembrane pressure difference and blood oxygen exchange.Conclusion The oxygenator has advantages in transmem-brane pressure difference,temperature change,blood oxygen ex-change and low probability of thrombosis.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2024,45(3):23-28]

Objective To preliminarily evaluate the safety and effectiveness of a novel non-implantable atrial shunt device based on radiofrequency ablation for the treatment of chronic heart failure(CHF).Methods This was a prospective single-arm study.From January 2023 to December 2023,five eligible CHF patients were consecutively enrolled at Beijing Anzhen Hospital,Capital Medical University,and underwent inter-atrial shunt using Shenzhen Betterway atrial shunt device.Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure(PCWP),right atrial pressure(RAP),pulmonary artery pressure(PAP),total pulmonary resistance(TPR),pulmonary vascular resistance(PVR),and pulmonary/systemic blood flow ratio(Qp/Qs)were measured using right heart catheterization before and immediately after procedure.Patients were followed up for 90 days,and echocardiography,right heart catheterization,and cardiac functional indicators were evaluated.The primary endpoint was procedural success.Secondary endpoints included clinical success,echocardiographic changes,6-minute walk distance(6MWD)changes,New York Heart Association(NYHA)class changes,Kansas city cardiomyopathy questionnaire(KCCQ)score changes,and amino-terminal probrain natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP)level changes at 90 days.The safety endpoint was major cardiovascular and cerebrovascular adverse events and device-related adverse events.Results All five patients successfully achieved left-to-right atrial shunt.Compared with baseline,PCWP decreased significantly immediately after procedure in all five patients,with a procedural success rate of 100％.There were no significant changes in RAP,PAP,TPR,and PVR before and immediately after procedure.After 90 days follow-up,four patients had persistent left-to-right atrial shunt,and PCWP was significantly lower than baseline,with a clinical success rate of 80％.Compared with baseline,LVEF increased,left ventricular end-diastolic diameter decreased,and tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion and right ventricular fractional area change were not impaired in all five patients at 90 days.KCCQ scores and 6MWT improved,NT-proBNP decreased,and NYHA class did not change significantly.There were no deaths,rehospitalizations for heart failure,stroke-related adverse events,or device-related adverse events during the follow-up.Conclusions The novel non-implantable atrial shunt catheter can safely and effectively improve hemodynamic,echocardiographic,and cardiac functional indicators in patients with heart failure.However,larger-scale clinical studies are still needed to validate its long-term clinical effectiveness.

Confirmed cases of Lyme disease(LD)in Ji'an City,Jiangxi Province and the clinical manifestations and region-al distribution were assessed to provide a basis for timely diagnosis and treatment.In total,133 serum samples were collected from patients with suspected LD in Ji'an Central People's Hospital from December 2021 to August 2022.Serum antibodies a-gainst Borrelia burgdorferi were detected with a two-step testing process.In addition,a specific gene of B.burgdorferi in samples was identified by nested PCR.Sequencing analysis was conducted to confirm the positive samples.Overall,25(18.80％)serum samples were positive for B.burgdorferi nucleic acid and antibodies,which included 20(15.04％)positive for antibodies and 6(4.51％)positive for nucleic acids.The sequences of the 5S-23S rRNA gene spacer of 6 samples were con-sistent with the corresponding sequences of Borrelia yangtzensis and one of the six samples was also positive for antibodies.The 25 positive samples were collected from 9 counties in Ji'an City,with the majority in Jizhou District(44％).All positive patients may experience symptoms related to LD,including joint disorders,neurological disorders,infectious fever,der-matitis,and/or chest pain.The most common symptom was joint disorders(72％).Six cases positive for B.yangtzensis nucleic acids were mainly collected in the Jizhou District,of which four had joint lesions and two had infectious fever.This study confirms the existence of LD in Jiangxi Province,which may be the first confirmation of human infection with B.yan-gtzensis in southern China.Hence,doctors in this region should consider the possibility of LD for cases presenting with related symptoms.Although LD may occur in this region,further investigations and monitoring are warranted.

Objective This study aimed to clarify the anti-influenza virus activity of Bingyanqing(BYQ),as well as to explore the mechanism of BYQ in treating influenza through network pharmacology and experimental verification.Methods The impact of BYQ on mortality,lung index,and viral load in an influenza mouse model was detected.We collected the ingredients and targets of BYQ formula by searching databases including TCMSP,Swiss Target Prediction and consulting the literature.The"ingredients-common target"network for anti-influenza effect of BYQ was constructed using Cytoscape software.The protein-protein interaction(PPI)network was constructed using the STRING database and Cytoscape software,and the core targets were screened.Gene Ontology(GO)and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)enrichment analyses were performed for common targets.The effect of BYQ on reducing influenza-induced oxidative damage,the expression of antioxidant and pro-oxidant enzyme,P65 phosphorylation and nuclear factor E2-related factor 2(Nrf2)nuclear translocation in vivo were investigated.Results BYQ significantly reduced mortality,lung index,pulmonary viral load and lung injury in a mouse model of influenza.We obtained one hundred and ninety-three of BYQ active compounds,which corresponded to three hundred and thirty-eight targets.There are 180 influenza-related targets among them.Nine targets,including IκBα kinase α(CHUK),IκBα kinase γ(IKBKG),NF-κB p65(RELA),tumor necrosis factor(TNF)and interleukin 6(IL6),were identified as potential core targets.GO analysis indicated that BYQ is involved in several biological functions,including antibacterial and antioxidant stress responses.KEGG analysis revealed the involvement of several viral and immune-related pathways for BYQ in treating influenza,including herpes simplex virus,influenza A virus,TNFα and toll-like receptor pathways.In vivo studies showed that high-dose BYQ significantly reduced pulmonary malondialdehyde(MDA)levels(P＜0.01)and increased total superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity(P＜0.001)in a mouse mode of influenza compared to oseltamivir phosphate.The treatment group with the combination of BYQ&oseltamivir phosphate had lower levels of NADPH oxidase 2(NOX2)and 4(NOX4)(P＜0.001),and higher levels of catalase(CAT)and glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4)(P＜0.001)in the lungs than oseltamivir phosphate group.The combined treatment group showed more significant Nrf2 nuclear translocation(P＜0.05)than the oseltamivir phosphate group.However,there was no significant difference in P65 phosphorylation levels between the combination treatment group and the oseltamivir phosphate group(P＜0.05),but P65 phosphorylation levels in both groups were lower than in the model group(P＜0.05).Conclusion BYQ exhibits significant anti-influenza virus activity,manifests a dual effect by inhibiting the synthesis of pro-oxidant enzymes and promoting the antioxidant system,thereby alleviates the oxidative stress damage caused by influenza.

Objective: To describe the distribution characteristics of hyperlipidemia in adult twins in the Chinese National Twin Registry (CNTR) and explore the effect of genetic and environmental factors on hyperlipidemia. Methods: Twins recruited from the CNTR in 11 project areas across China were included in the study. A total of 69 130 (34 565 pairs) of adult twins with complete information on hyperlipidemia were selected for analysis. The random effect model was used to characterize the population and regional distribution of hyperlipidemia among twins. The concordance rates of hyperlipidemia were calculated in monozygotic twins (MZ) and dizygotic twins (DZ), respectively, to estimate the heritability. Results: The age of all participants was (34.2±12.4) years. This study's prevalence of hyperlipidemia was 1.3% (895/69 130). Twin pairs who were men, older, living in urban areas, married,had junior college degree or above, overweight, obese, insufficient physical activity, current smokers, ex-smokers, current drinkers, and ex-drinkers had a higher prevalence of hyperlipidemia (P<0.05). In within-pair analysis, the concordance rate of hyperlipidemia was 29.1% (118/405) in MZ and 18.1% (57/315) in DZ, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Stratified by gender, age, and region, the concordance rate of hyperlipidemia in MZ was still higher than that in DZ. Further, in within-same-sex twin pair analyses, the heritability of hyperlipidemia was 13.04% (95%CI: 2.61%-23.47%) in the northern group and 18.59% (95%CI: 4.43%-32.74%) in the female group, respectively. Conclusions: Adult twins were included in this study and were found to have a lower prevalence of hyperlipidemia than in the general population study, with population and regional differences. Genetic factors influence hyperlipidemia, but the genetic effect may vary with gender and area.
Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult ; China/epidemiology* ; Diseases in Twins/genetics* ; Hyperlipidemias/genetics* ; Metabolic Diseases ; Twins, Dizygotic ; Twins, Monozygotic/genetics*

Objective: To analyze the morbidity and mortality trends of thyroid cancer in China from 1990 to 2019, explore the causes of the trends, and predict morbidity and mortality in the future. Methods: The morbidity and mortality data of thyroid cancer in China from 1990 to 2019 were collected from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease database. The Joinpoint regression model was used to describe the change trends. Based on the morbidity and mortality data from 2012 to 2019, a grey model GM (1,1) was constructed to predict the trends in the next ten years. The model was tested by the posterior error method and residual test method. Results: In all populations, men and women, the AAPC values of the crude morbidity rates were 4.15% (95%CI: 3.86%-4.44%, P<0.001), 5.98% (95%CI: 5.65%-6.31%, P<0.001) and 3.23% (95%CI: 2.94%-3.53%, P<0.001) respectively, the AAPC values of age-standardized morbidity rates were 2.47% (95%CI: 2.12%-2.83%, P<0.001), 3.98% (95%CI: 3.68%-4.29%, P<0.001), 1.65% (95%CI: 1.38%-1.93%, P<0.001), the AAPC values of crude mortality rates were 2.09% (95%CI: 1.92%-2.25%, P<0.001), 3.68% (95%CI: 3.45%-3.90%, P<0.001), 0.60% (95%CI: 0.50%-0.71%, P<0.001). The age-standardized mortality rates in men showed a fluctuating trend of first decrease (1990-1994), then increase (1994-2012), and then decrease (2012-2019) (AAPC=1.35%, 95%CI: 1.16%-1.53%, P<0.001). The age-standardized mortality rate in women continuously decreased (AAPC=-1.70%, 95%CI: -1.82%- -1.58%, P<0.001). The GM (1,1) models can be used for medium and long-term predictions. The results of the residual test show that the average relative error values of all models are less than 10.00%, the prediction accuracy values are more than 80.00%, and the prediction effects are good. The results of the posterior error method show that all the prediction results are good except the qualified prediction of the age-standardized morbidity rate in men. In 2029, the crude morbidity rates would increase to 3.57/100 000, 2.78/100 000, and 4.40/100 000, respectively, and the age-standardized incidence rates would increase to 2.38/100 000, 1.89/100 000, and 2.88/100 000, respectively, the crude mortality rates would increase to 0.57/100 000, 0.62/100 000 and 0.53/100 000, and the age-standardized mortality rates would decrease to 0.33/100 000, 0.42/100 000 and 0.27/100 000 in all population, men and women in China. Conclusions: The overall, gender- specific age-standardized mortality rates showed downward trends in the last decade or so, and the prediction results showed that it might further decline. However, the crude morbidity rates, age-standardized and crude mortality rates have been on the rise, and the population aging is becoming increasingly serious in China, which requires close attention and targeted prevention and control measures.
Male ; Humans ; Female ; Morbidity ; Thyroid Neoplasms/epidemiology* ; Aging ; China/epidemiology*

Humans ; Consensus ; Hypersensitivity ; Desensitization, Immunologic/adverse effects* ; Immunotherapy/adverse effects* ; Injections, Subcutaneous ; Allergens