Objective To conduct a comprehensive review of the risk factors for post-transplant pulmonary infection in kidney transplant recipients. Methods Following the methodology guidelines for systematic reviews, the research question was clearly defined. Systematic searches were conducted in both Chinese and English literature databases, with the search period ranging from the establishment of the database to May 1, 2025. Two researchers independently screened and extracted the risk factors related to post-transplant pulmonary infection in kidney transplant recipients, and the research results were qualitatively described. Results A total of 45 articles were finally included, involving 30 risk factors for post-transplant pulmonary infection in kidney transplant recipients, including five aspects as donor factors, recipient factors, disease factors, treatment factors and laboratory test result factors. Conclusions The occurrence of post-transplant pulmonary infection in kidney transplant recipients is related to donor factors, recipient factors, disease factors, treatment factors and laboratory test result factors, providing a reference for clinical prevention, screening, and intervention.

Objective To explore the relationship between serum long non-coding RNA X-inactive specific transcript(LncRNA XIST)and microRNA-122-5p(miR-122-5p)expression and the severity of brain injury and prognosis in patients with sepsis-associated encephalopathy(SAE).Methods A total of 108 SAE patients(SAE group)and 52 patients with sepsis only(non-SAE group)admitted to the Ankang Hospital of Tradi-tional Chinese Medicine from January 2019 to December 2023 were selected as the study subjects.According to the degree of brain injury,the SAE patients were categorized into mild brain injury group[Glasgow Coma Scale(GCS)score 13-14,27 cases],moderate brain injury group(GCS score 9-12,36 cases),and severe brain injury group(GCS score 3-8,45 cases).Based on the 28-day prognosis,they were divided into death group(51 cases)and survival group(57 cases).Serum LncRNA XIST and miR-122-5p expression levels were measured using real-time quantitative PCR.The binding site of LncRNA XIST and miR-122-5p was predicted using the StarBase database,and Pearson correlation analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship be-tween serum LncRNA XIST and miR-122-5p expression in SAE patients.Multivariate unconditional Logistic regression was used to determine the association between serum LncRNA XIST,miR-122-5p expression,and prognosis in SAE patients.Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to assess the predictive efficacy of LncRNA XIST and miR-122-5p expression for SAE prognosis.Results Compared with non-SAE group,se-rum LncRNA XIST expression was increased and miR-122-5p expression was decreased in SAE group,with statistical significance(P＜0.05).There were binding sites between LncRNA XIST and miR-122-5p,and the expression of LncRNA XIST in serum of SAE patients was negatively correlated with that of miR-122-5p(P＜0.05).Serum LncRNA XIST expression in mild brain injury group,middle brain injury group and severe brain injury group was increased successively,while miR-122-5p expression was decreased successively,with statistical significance(P＜0.05).The 28-day mortality rate of SAE patients after admission was 47.22％(51/108).Compared with the survival group,the expression of serum LncRNA XIST was higher in the death group,and the expression of miR-122-5p was lower,with statistical significance(P＜0.05).High sequential organ failure assessment(SOFA)score and high expression of LncRNA XIST were independent risk factors for death in SAE patients,while high GCS scores and high miR-122-5p expression of were independent protec-tive factors(P＜0.05).The combined expression of serum LncRNA XIST and miR-122-5p predicted the death of SAE patients with greater area under the curve than that of serum LncRNA XIST and miR-122-5p a-lone(P＜0.05).Conclusion Elevated serum LncRNA XIST and decreased miR-122-5p expression levels are associated with the severity of brain injury and poor prognosis in SAE patients.The combined detection of Ln-cRNA XIST and miR-122-5p has a high predictive value for SAE prognosis.

Objective To explore the circRNA expression level in the urine of patients with lupus nephritis(LN),to construct a diagnostic model for LN,and to evaluate and verify its diagnostic efficacy.Methods A total of 120 patients with LN admitted from January 2022 to January 2024 were selected as the observation group and divided into the training group(n=84)and the validation group(n=36)at a ratio of 7:3.Another 100 healthy individuals who underwent physical examination were selected as the control group.The expression levels of circRNA-0001445,circRNA-002059,hsa-circ-0007385 and hsa-circ-0000006 in urine specimens of patients in the training group and the control group were detected by gene sequencing.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to construct a diagnostic model for LN based on the urinary circRNA expression level.The diagnostic value of individual indicators and combined predictive models were evaluated by receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis,and then the predictive efficacy of the model was verified by the validation group.Results The expression levels of circRNA-0001445,circRNA-002059,hsa-circ-0007385 and hsa-circ-0000006 in the urine of patients in the training group were all higher than those of the control group(P<0.01).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis found that The expression levels of circRNA-0001445(OR=1.094),circRNA-002059(OR=1.040),hsa-circ-0007385(OR=1.033),and hsa-circ-0000006(OR=1.130)in theurine were independent factor for the diagnosis of LN(P<0.01).ROC curve analysis showed that the areas under the curve of combined model constructed based on the circRNA expression level in the urine were 0.985 and 0.911 in the training group and the validation group,respectively,with sensitivities of 95.00%and 91.67%,and specificities of 99.00%and 89.00%,all of which were higher than the diagnostic efficacy of a single urinary circRNA expression level.Conclusion The diagnostic model of LN constructed based on the expression level of circRNA in the urine has a high diagnostic efficacy,which has been confirmed by internal tests and may provide strong support for clinicians in the early diagnosis of LN.

This paper explores the application and advancements of cross-cultural nursing concepts in the management of ICU patients. It identifies the core elements of humanistic care from a cross-cultural perspective, introduces relevant international research findings, and provides an in-depth analysis of existing challenges within the domestic healthcare context. Constructive suggestions are proposed to enhance the quality of life of ICU patients.

Objective:To retrieve, evaluate, and integrate evidence on the humanistic care practice of physical restraints for adult patients in the ICU to inform the management of physical restraints for clinical ICU patients.Methods:Expert consensus, group standards, systematic reviews, clinical decisions, best practices, guidelines, evidence summaries, and other types of literature related to the humanistic care of physical restraints for adult patients in the ICU were electronically searched in Chinese and English databases, relevant association websites, and guideline websites. The search period was from database establishment to August 31, 2024. Evidence was extracted and summarized according to themes after an independent literature quality assessment by two researchers.Results:A total of 15 articles were included, including four guidelines, one group standard, three best practices, five systematic reviews, and two expert consensus. Literature reading, evidence extraction and categorization resulted in seven themes of 39 best evidence on respecting patients' personality and dignity, attending to patients' physical needs, attending to patients' psychological needs, attending to patients' social and cultural needs, establishing good communication and trusting relationships, attending to patients' family and social support, and providing comprehensive nursing services.Conclusions:The best evidence summarized in this study may provide an evidence-based basis for the proper use of physical restraints by ICU medical and nursing staff to ensure patient safety and improve the ICU patient experience.

Humanistic care is the essence of nursing. The implementation of humanistic care in ICU nursing can alleviate patients' negative psychological experiences, enhance treatment adherence, and improve patient outcomes. This article provides a comprehensive review of the concept of humanistic care, evaluation tools for ICU nursing humanistic care, multi-level current situation, and influencing factors. The aim is to offer insights for developing a multi-dimensional humanistic care framework for ICU patients, nurses, and healthcare institutions, based on the "humanistic care transmission chain".

Objective To explore the circRNA expression level in the urine of patients with lupus nephritis(LN),to construct a diagnostic model for LN,and to evaluate and verify its diagnostic efficacy.Methods A total of 120 patients with LN admitted from January 2022 to January 2024 were selected as the observation group and divided into the training group(n=84)and the validation group(n=36)at a ratio of 7:3.Another 100 healthy individuals who underwent physical examination were selected as the control group.The expression levels of circRNA-0001445,circRNA-002059,hsa-circ-0007385 and hsa-circ-0000006 in urine specimens of patients in the training group and the control group were detected by gene sequencing.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to construct a diagnostic model for LN based on the urinary circRNA expression level.The diagnostic value of individual indicators and combined predictive models were evaluated by receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis,and then the predictive efficacy of the model was verified by the validation group.Results The expression levels of circRNA-0001445,circRNA-002059,hsa-circ-0007385 and hsa-circ-0000006 in the urine of patients in the training group were all higher than those of the control group(P<0.01).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis found that The expression levels of circRNA-0001445(OR=1.094),circRNA-002059(OR=1.040),hsa-circ-0007385(OR=1.033),and hsa-circ-0000006(OR=1.130)in theurine were independent factor for the diagnosis of LN(P<0.01).ROC curve analysis showed that the areas under the curve of combined model constructed based on the circRNA expression level in the urine were 0.985 and 0.911 in the training group and the validation group,respectively,with sensitivities of 95.00%and 91.67%,and specificities of 99.00%and 89.00%,all of which were higher than the diagnostic efficacy of a single urinary circRNA expression level.Conclusion The diagnostic model of LN constructed based on the expression level of circRNA in the urine has a high diagnostic efficacy,which has been confirmed by internal tests and may provide strong support for clinicians in the early diagnosis of LN.

This paper explores the application and advancements of cross-cultural nursing concepts in the management of ICU patients. It identifies the core elements of humanistic care from a cross-cultural perspective, introduces relevant international research findings, and provides an in-depth analysis of existing challenges within the domestic healthcare context. Constructive suggestions are proposed to enhance the quality of life of ICU patients.

Objective:To retrieve, evaluate, and integrate evidence on the humanistic care practice of physical restraints for adult patients in the ICU to inform the management of physical restraints for clinical ICU patients.Methods:Expert consensus, group standards, systematic reviews, clinical decisions, best practices, guidelines, evidence summaries, and other types of literature related to the humanistic care of physical restraints for adult patients in the ICU were electronically searched in Chinese and English databases, relevant association websites, and guideline websites. The search period was from database establishment to August 31, 2024. Evidence was extracted and summarized according to themes after an independent literature quality assessment by two researchers.Results:A total of 15 articles were included, including four guidelines, one group standard, three best practices, five systematic reviews, and two expert consensus. Literature reading, evidence extraction and categorization resulted in seven themes of 39 best evidence on respecting patients' personality and dignity, attending to patients' physical needs, attending to patients' psychological needs, attending to patients' social and cultural needs, establishing good communication and trusting relationships, attending to patients' family and social support, and providing comprehensive nursing services.Conclusions:The best evidence summarized in this study may provide an evidence-based basis for the proper use of physical restraints by ICU medical and nursing staff to ensure patient safety and improve the ICU patient experience.