Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) is characterized by polyuria and polydipsia, high serum osmolality, and low urine osmolality because of resistance to antidiuretic hormone. Lithium is commonly used to treat psychiatric disorders, and NDI is one of the common renal side effects of lithium therapy. On the other hand, NDI induced by lithium medication in a patient after a coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) infection has not been reported. This paper presents a patient who developed new-onset NDI secondary to a COVID-19 infection despite being on a stable lithium dose for several years. This case highlights the importance of considering a COVID-19 infection as a possible cause of NDI in patients taking lithium medication.

Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) is characterized by polyuria and polydipsia, high serum osmolality, and low urine osmolality because of resistance to antidiuretic hormone. Lithium is commonly used to treat psychiatric disorders, and NDI is one of the common renal side effects of lithium therapy. On the other hand, NDI induced by lithium medication in a patient after a coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) infection has not been reported. This paper presents a patient who developed new-onset NDI secondary to a COVID-19 infection despite being on a stable lithium dose for several years. This case highlights the importance of considering a COVID-19 infection as a possible cause of NDI in patients taking lithium medication.

Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) is characterized by polyuria and polydipsia, high serum osmolality, and low urine osmolality because of resistance to antidiuretic hormone. Lithium is commonly used to treat psychiatric disorders, and NDI is one of the common renal side effects of lithium therapy. On the other hand, NDI induced by lithium medication in a patient after a coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) infection has not been reported. This paper presents a patient who developed new-onset NDI secondary to a COVID-19 infection despite being on a stable lithium dose for several years. This case highlights the importance of considering a COVID-19 infection as a possible cause of NDI in patients taking lithium medication.

A 7-year-old castrated male Persian cat presented with a cutaneous mass and an increase in serum amyloid A concentration. Fine needle aspirates of the mass indicated lymphoma, which was also the top differential diagnosis on histopathologic examinations. Immunohistochemically, neoplastic cells tested negative for anti-CD3, PAX5, CD20, and c-Kit, but positive for MUM1, CD79α, and CD138, suggesting extramedullary plasmacytoma. There were tumor-infiltrating non-neoplastic CD3+ T and CD20+ B cells. Practitioners should be aware of feline plasmacytoma characterized by lymphoma-like cytologic and histologic features. The present study is valuable in providing the first clinical evidence that proves the immunogenicity of feline plasmacytoma.

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a common disorder characterized by the inflammation of the exocrine pancreas in dogs, and the severity of the clinical signs of pancreatitis varies greatly. Therefore, the diagnosis of pancreatitis is challenging. The canine pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity test (SNAP cPL; IDEXX Laboratories Inc., USA) is rapid and relatively accurate in diagnosing pancreatitis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the positivity rate of the SNAP cPL test in dogs regarding the severity of gastrointestinal (GI) signs and concurrent diseases. Electronic medical records of dogs were reviewed. For retrospective classification, 80 dogs with GI signs who underwent the SNAP cPL test were enrolled. Additionally, concurrent diseases on the day of the SNAP cPL test were reviewed. A positive SNAP cPL test result was observed in 26 of the 80 dogs (32.5%) with GI signs. The severity of GI signs using a scoring system and the positivity rate of SNAP cPL were statistically related. Furthermore, dogs with concurrent chronic kidney disease had a significantly higher positivity rate of SNAP cPL than those without chronic kidney disease. This information might help clinicians to decide whether a SNAP cPL test is needed.

A 17-year-old spayed female Shih Tzu dog, weighing 5.0 kg, presented with frequent coughing and respiratory distress. Blood tests revealed mild thrombocytosis, and thoracic ultra-sonography and radiography confirmed a significant amount of pleural effusion. However,the thoracic radiographs showed no radiopaque nodules or interstitial patterns indicative ofthoracic tumors. Thoracentesis was performed to relieve effusion-induced thoracic pressure, yielding a hemorrhagic serosanguinous pleural fluid. The cytological analysis of this fluid re-vealed mesothelial cells, supporting the clinical diagnosis of mesothelioma in situ. To address the patient’s clinical symptoms, an aggressive management approach was implemented withchest tube placement to address recurrent pleural effusion after initial thoracentesis. Duringtreatment, the patient exhibited stable health and adapted well to daily life. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of mesothelioma in situ with hemorrhagic malignant pleural effusion in South Korea. Using a chest tube as an aggressive treatment successfullyalleviated dyspnea symptoms and provided symptomatic relief in a patient with mesothelioma in situ.

A 17-year-old spayed female Shih Tzu dog, weighing 5.0 kg, presented with frequent coughing and respiratory distress. Blood tests revealed mild thrombocytosis, and thoracic ultra-sonography and radiography confirmed a significant amount of pleural effusion. However,the thoracic radiographs showed no radiopaque nodules or interstitial patterns indicative ofthoracic tumors. Thoracentesis was performed to relieve effusion-induced thoracic pressure, yielding a hemorrhagic serosanguinous pleural fluid. The cytological analysis of this fluid re-vealed mesothelial cells, supporting the clinical diagnosis of mesothelioma in situ. To address the patient’s clinical symptoms, an aggressive management approach was implemented withchest tube placement to address recurrent pleural effusion after initial thoracentesis. Duringtreatment, the patient exhibited stable health and adapted well to daily life. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of mesothelioma in situ with hemorrhagic malignant pleural effusion in South Korea. Using a chest tube as an aggressive treatment successfullyalleviated dyspnea symptoms and provided symptomatic relief in a patient with mesothelioma in situ.

Purpose: In the era of minimally invasive surgery (MIS), robotic pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) is actively performed, and clinical fellows need to thoroughly prepare for MIS-PD during the training process. Although pancreaticojejunostomy (PJ) is a difficult anastomosis that requires repeated practice, there are obstacles preventing its practice that concerns patient safety and limited time in the actual operating room. This study evaluated the efficacy of simulation-based training of robotic duct-to-mucosa PJ using pancreatic and intestinal silicone models using a scoring system. Methods: Three pancreatobiliary clinical fellows who had never performed a real robotic PJ participated in this study. Each trainee, who was well acquainted with master’s video created by a senor surgeon, performed the robotic PJ procedures 9 times, and 3 independent pancreatobiliary surgeons assessed the videos and analyzed the scores using a blind method. Results: The mean robotic PJ times for the 3 trainees were 42.8 and 29.1 minutes for the first and 9th videos, respectively.The mean score was 13.8 (range, 6–17) for the first video and 17.7 (range, 15–19) for the 9th video. When comparing earlier and later attempts, the PJ time decreased significantly (2,201.67 seconds vs. 2,045.50 seconds, P = 0.007), whereas test scores increased significantly (total score 14.22 vs. 16.89, P = 0.011). Conclusion This robotic education system will help pancreatobiliary trainees overcome the learning curves efficiently and quickly without raising ethical concerns associated with animal models or direct practice with human subjects. This will be of practical assistance to trainees preparing for MIS-PD.

Xanthogranulomatous osteomyelitis (XO) is a rare chronic inflammatory bone disease characterized by the presence of cholesterol-laden foam macrophages, histiocytes, and plasma cells. We report the case of a 41-year-old man with end-stage renal disease who had undergone deceased donor kidney transplantation 4 years earlier. He presented with a chest wall mass that he had first identified 2 weeks prior to admission. Computed tomography revealed a periosseous heterogeneously enhancing soft tissue mass adjacent to the sternal end of the left clavicle, accompanied by irregular and destructive osteolytic lesions on the left side of the sternal manubrium. A total mass resection, which included partial clavicle and sternum removal, was performed. Pathological examination revealed foamy histiocytes along with numerous lymphoplasmacytic cells, confirming the diagnosis of XO. This case underscores the potential for XO to develop following kidney transplantation.