Purpose: The fifth World Health Organization (WHO) classification (2022 WHO) and International Consensus Classification (ICC) of myeloid neoplasms have recently been published. In this study, patients were reclassified according to the revised classification and their prognoses were analyzed to confirm the clinical utility of the new classifications. Methods: We included 101 adult patients, 77 with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and 24 with myelodysplastic neoplasms (MDS), who underwent bone marrow aspiration and next-generation sequencing (NGS) between August 2019 and July 2023. We reclassified the patients according to the revised criteria, examined the differences, and analyzed the prognosis using survival analysis. Results: According to the 2022 WHO and ICC, 23 (29.9%) patients and 32 (41.6%) patients were reclassified into different groups, respectively, due to the addition of myelodysplasia-related (MR) gene mutations to the diagnostic criteria or the addition of new entities associated with TP53 mutations. The median overall survival (OS) of patients with AML and MR gene mutations was shorter than that of patients in other AML groups; however, the difference was not significant. Patients with AML and TP53 mutation had a significantly shorter OS than the other AML group (p = 0.0014, median OS 2.3 vs 10.3 months). They also had significantly shorter OS than the AML and MR mutation group (p = 0.002, median OS 2.3 vs 9.6 months). Conclusion The revised classifications allow for a more detailed categorization based on genetic abnormalities, which may be helpful in predicting prognosis. AML with TP53 mutations is a new ICC category that has shown a high prognostic significance in a small number of cases.

Purpose: The fifth World Health Organization (WHO) classification (2022 WHO) and International Consensus Classification (ICC) of myeloid neoplasms have recently been published. In this study, patients were reclassified according to the revised classification and their prognoses were analyzed to confirm the clinical utility of the new classifications. Methods: We included 101 adult patients, 77 with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and 24 with myelodysplastic neoplasms (MDS), who underwent bone marrow aspiration and next-generation sequencing (NGS) between August 2019 and July 2023. We reclassified the patients according to the revised criteria, examined the differences, and analyzed the prognosis using survival analysis. Results: According to the 2022 WHO and ICC, 23 (29.9%) patients and 32 (41.6%) patients were reclassified into different groups, respectively, due to the addition of myelodysplasia-related (MR) gene mutations to the diagnostic criteria or the addition of new entities associated with TP53 mutations. The median overall survival (OS) of patients with AML and MR gene mutations was shorter than that of patients in other AML groups; however, the difference was not significant. Patients with AML and TP53 mutation had a significantly shorter OS than the other AML group (p = 0.0014, median OS 2.3 vs 10.3 months). They also had significantly shorter OS than the AML and MR mutation group (p = 0.002, median OS 2.3 vs 9.6 months). Conclusion The revised classifications allow for a more detailed categorization based on genetic abnormalities, which may be helpful in predicting prognosis. AML with TP53 mutations is a new ICC category that has shown a high prognostic significance in a small number of cases.

Purpose: The fifth World Health Organization (WHO) classification (2022 WHO) and International Consensus Classification (ICC) of myeloid neoplasms have recently been published. In this study, patients were reclassified according to the revised classification and their prognoses were analyzed to confirm the clinical utility of the new classifications. Methods: We included 101 adult patients, 77 with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and 24 with myelodysplastic neoplasms (MDS), who underwent bone marrow aspiration and next-generation sequencing (NGS) between August 2019 and July 2023. We reclassified the patients according to the revised criteria, examined the differences, and analyzed the prognosis using survival analysis. Results: According to the 2022 WHO and ICC, 23 (29.9%) patients and 32 (41.6%) patients were reclassified into different groups, respectively, due to the addition of myelodysplasia-related (MR) gene mutations to the diagnostic criteria or the addition of new entities associated with TP53 mutations. The median overall survival (OS) of patients with AML and MR gene mutations was shorter than that of patients in other AML groups; however, the difference was not significant. Patients with AML and TP53 mutation had a significantly shorter OS than the other AML group (p = 0.0014, median OS 2.3 vs 10.3 months). They also had significantly shorter OS than the AML and MR mutation group (p = 0.002, median OS 2.3 vs 9.6 months). Conclusion The revised classifications allow for a more detailed categorization based on genetic abnormalities, which may be helpful in predicting prognosis. AML with TP53 mutations is a new ICC category that has shown a high prognostic significance in a small number of cases.

We aimed to identify blood lymphocytes as a prognostic factor for survival in patients with locally advanced stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). This is a secondary study of 196 patients enrolled in the Korean Radiation Oncology Group 0903 phase III clinical trial to evaluate the prognostic significance of circulating blood lymphocyte levels. The median total lymphocyte count (TLC) reduction ratio during CCRT was 0.74 (range: 0.29-0.97). In multivariate analysis, patient age (p=0.014) and gross tumor volume (GTV, p=0.031) were significant factors associated with overall survival, while TLC reduction (p=0.018) and pretreatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR; p=0.010) were associated with progression-free survival (PFS). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, pretreatment NLR, GTV, and heart V20 were significantly associated with TLC reduction. Immunohistochemical analysis of programmed death ligand 1 and CD8 expression on T cells was performed on 84 patients. CD8 expression was not significantly associated with the pretreatment lymphocyte count (p=0.673), and PDL1 expression was not significantly associated with OS or PFS. Univariate analysis revealed that high CD8 expression in TILs was associated with favorable OS and was significantly associated with favorable PFS (p=0.032). TLC reduction during CCRT is a significant prognostic factor for PFS, and heart V20 is significantly associated with TLC reduction. Thus, in the era of immunotherapy, constraining the volume of the radiation dose to the whole heart must be prioritized for the better survival outcomes.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the most effective treatment approach by comparing the impacts of various otolith reduction techniques in patients with apogeotropic lateral semicircular canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (LC-BPPV). Methods: We performed a multicenter randomized prospective study from January to December 2015, involving 72 consecutive patients with apogeotropic LC-BPPV. The patients were divided into three treatment groups: therapeutic head-shaking (group A), the Gufoni-Appiani maneuver (group B), and the cupulolith repositioning maneuver (CuRM; group C). Each group underwent evaluation and treatment up to the fourth week. Treatment success was defined as the disappearance of positional vertigo and nystagmus. Results: This study included 72 patients (49 male and 23 female), with a mean (±standard deviation) age of 55.4±13.5 years. The mean duration of vertigo experienced prior to treatment was 3.9±4.4 days. The mean latency and duration of nystagmus were 2.7±3.0 seconds and 47.9±15.8 seconds, respectively. The overall treatment frequency was 2.0±0.9. The number of treatments differed significantly among the three groups (P<0.05). After 4 weeks, the success rates for groups A, B, and C were 90.5%, 92.3%, and 100%, respectively. No significant difference was observed in the success rate across treatment methods and periods (P>0.05). However, CuRM was the only method with a 100% treatment success rate. Conclusion While no clear difference was observed among the three treatments for LC-BPPV, CuRM was found to be superior to the other approaches in the long term.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a toothpaste containing sodium pyrophosphate and a high concentration (1,450 ppm) of fluoride on dental plaque, gingivitis index, and calculus index in a clinical trial. Methods: This study used an eight-week, randomized, double-blinded, controlled, comparative, parallel design. The participants, who voluntarily signed a consent form, were screened through visit evaluation if they met the selection/exclusion criteria. After a one-week run-in period, the selected participants were randomly assigned to either an experimental or control group in the order of their enrollment. Subsequently, the participants were asked to brush their teeth with the study toothpaste using the rolling method for 3 min, thrice daily, for 8 weeks. Oral examinations were performed at baseline and after 3 weeks, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks. Evaluation of papillary marginal attachment index (PMA index), Talbott’s gingival index, patient hygiene performance index (PHP index), Turesky plaque index, and calculus index were performed during the oral examination. Results: After 8 weeks, the PMA indices were 7.12 for the control group and 5.00 for experimental groups. In addition, the PHP index was 2.06 for the control group and 1.66 for the experimental group. Significant differences were observed between the control and experimental groups in all indice (P<0.05). Conclusions This study shows that using a toothpaste containing sodium fluoride, sodium pyrophosphate, tocopherol acetate, and dental-type silica improves dental plaque removal, reduces gingivitis, and inhibits calculus formation.

Purpose: Carcinoma arising from Crohn disease (CD) is rare, and there is no clear guidance on how to properly screen for at-risk patients and choose appropriate care. This study aimed to evaluate the clinicopathological characteristics, treatment, and oncologic outcomes of CD patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods: Using medical records, we retrospectively enrolled a single-center cohort of 823 patients who underwent abdominal surgery for CD between January 2006 and December 2015. CD-associated CRC patients included those with adenocarcinoma, lymphoma, or neuroendocrine tumors of the colon and rectum. Results: Nineteen patients (2.3%) underwent abdominal surgery to treat CD-associated CRC. The mean duration of CD in the CD-associated CRC group was significantly longer than that in the benign CD group (124.7 ± 77.7 months vs. 68.9 ± 60.2 months, P = 0.006). The CD-associated CRC group included a higher proportion of patients with a history of perianal disease (73.7% vs. 50.2%, P = 0.035) and colonic location (47.4% vs. 6.5%, P = 0.001). Among 19 CD-associated CRC patients, 17 (89.5%) were diagnosed with adenocarcinoma, and of the 17 cases, 15 (88.2%) were rectal adenocarcinoma. On multivariable analyses for developing CRC, only colonic location was a risk factor (relative risk, 7.735; 95% confidence interval, 2.862–20.903; P = 0.001). Conclusion Colorectal malignancy is rare among CD patients, even among patients who undergo abdominal surgery. Rectal adenocarcinoma accounted for most of the CRC, and colonic location was a risk factor for developing CRC.

Background: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most common type of adult leukemia in Western countries but is rare in the East Asian countries. Due to its rarity and the lack of feasible novel agents and laboratory prognostic tools, there are limited data on the clinical outcomes of this disease in Asia. To clarify the current treatment status, we performed a multicenter retrospective analysis of patients with CLL in Korea. Methods: The medical records of 192 eligible patients between 2008 and 2019 were reviewed for clinical characteristics, treatment courses, and outcomes. The first-line treatment regimens of the patients included in this analysis were as follows: fludarabine/cyclophosphamide/rituximab (FCR) (N=117, 52.7%), obinutuzumab plus chlorambucil (GC) (N=30, 13.5%), and chlorambucil monotherapy (N=24, 10.8%). Results: The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 55.6 months, and the average 2-year PFS rate was 80.3%. PFS was not significantly different between the patients receiving FCR and those receiving GC; however, chlorambucil treatment was associated with significantly inferior PFS (P ＜0.001). The median overall survival was 136.3 months, and the average 5- and 10-year OS rates were 82.0% and 57.4%, respectively. Conclusion This is one of the largest studies involving Korean patients with CLL. Although the patients had been treated with less favored treatment regimens, the outcomes were not different from those reported in Western studies.

Background/Aims: Although anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) agents have been widely used to treat ulcerative colitis (UC), the real-world incidence of suboptimal response to anti-TNF agents has not been thoroughly investigated, especially among Asians. Methods: Using the Korean National Health Insurance database, we collected data on UC patients who initiated anti-TNF agents between July 1, 2014, and June 30, 2017. We assessed suboptimal responses, including anti-TNF discontinuation or dose escalation, switching to other biologics, augmentation with a non-biologic therapy, and the requirement for colectomy. Results: A total of 1,268 patients were included as new anti-TNF users (infliximab 713, adalimumab 433, golimumab 122). The proportion of patients who experienced at least one suboptimal response within 1 year among all patients was 63.5%, including 59.1%, 69.5%, and 68.0% of patients treated with infliximab, adalimumab, and golimumab, respectively. The cumulative incidences of at least one suboptimal response over time were 41.5%, 63.7%, 80.5%, and 87.1% at 6, 12, 24, and 36 months, respectively. Cox proportional hazards modeling revealed that adalimumab was associated with a higher risk of at least one suboptimal response (hazard ratio [HR], 1.29; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.13 to 1.48), dose escalation (HR, 4.35; 95% CI, 2.97 to 6.38) and discontinuation (HR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.03 to 1.52) than infliximab. Golimumab was associated with a higher risk of switching to other biologics than infliximab (HR, 1.78; 95% CI, 1.21 to 2.60). Conclusions More than half of Korean UC patients had suboptimal responses to anti-TNF agents within 1 year. UC patients treated with infliximab might be less prone to suboptimal responses than those treated with adalimumab or golimumab