INTRODUCTION

Left ventricular remodeling is an adaptive response to aging and cumulative exposure to risk factors for cardiovascular disease. With the rising prevalence of cardiovascular disease in the younger population, a timely risk identification is warranted.

This study aims to determine the prevalence of LV remodeling in young patients using transthoracic echocardiography, and to determine the association of their clinical profiles with LV remodeling.

A retrospective cross-sectional design was utilized. Descriptive statistics using frequency and percentages was employed to describe the clinical profiles of patients; chi-square tests to assess the significance of associations of patients’ clinical profile with the LV remodeling patterns; and One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) followed by post-hoc tests for significant F values to provide insights into the differences of means across various cardiac parameters.

Our study included 208 patients who had thoracic echocardiography from January 2021 to December 2022 at our institution. Majority were aged 31-40 years (64.4%), female (54.8%), and under the BMI classification of obese (52.9%). There were varying percentages per comorbidity, with hypertension (HPN) being the most prevalent. The presence of symptoms was also examined; however, it was not statistically significant. Age, sex, comorbidities, and presence of symptoms were not significantly associated with LV remodeling while BMI classification demonstrated a significant association (χ2 = 25.457, p = 0.003**). In this study, LV remodeling is already prevalent at 32.21% in young adults aged 18-40 years old. BMI classification demonstrated a significant association with LV remodeling pattern. Obesity showed a significant association with concentric remodeling pattern.

We found that LV remodeling is already prevalent in young adults aged 18-40 years old. BMI classification demonstrated a significant association with LV remodeling pattern. Obesity showed a significant association with concentric remodeling pattern.

Ovarian cancer in pregnancy is a rare occurrence. Of all ovarian malignancies, <1% comprise immature teratomas. We present the case of a 24-year-old primigravid with an incidental finding of an ovarian new growth during a routine first-trimester ultrasound. The mass was suspicious for malignancy due to an ultrasound finding of a cystically enlarged 8.2 cm × 5.8 cm × 6.2 cm mass, with solid components and with minimal color flow on Doppler. There was an interval increase in the said mass during the second trimester, with an elevated alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level. The patient underwent surgery at 24 weeks gestation. Histopathology revealed Immature Teratoma, FIGO Grade 3, stage IC1. She delivered to a live, term baby boy through cesarean delivery. Postpartum, she completed four cycles of chemotherapy using bleomycin, etoposide and cisplatin (BEP), and was advised surveillance with serum AFP every 3 months. Due to the limited number of cases of ovarian cancer in pregnancy reported, management is individualized. Dilemma in terms of the timing of surgery, neonatal and maternal outcomes, timing and mode of delivery, and control of tumor metastasis through chemotherapy were met, hence, a multidisciplinary team and patient decision is crucial to achieve successful and desirable outcomes for the mother and the fetus. This is the first case of immature teratoma in pregnancy reported in our institution and in a local setting.

Overlap syndrome is a rare condition involving the coexistence of at least two distinct autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus and systemic sclerosis. This condition has limited studies on epidemiology probably because it is often under-recognized. We present a 22-year-old Filipino female with a 10-month history of hyperpigmented patches on the malar surface and extremities, with associated photosensitivity, fatigue, pallor, arthralgia, and oral ulcers, and positive antinuclear antibody titer. She was treated with oral Prednisone in tapering doses, leading to clinical improvement. Eight months later, there was a recurrence of hyperpigmented patches on the face and extremities with skin tightening and diffuse hair loss, development of shiny skin with facial fold loss, a beak-like nasal appearance, and episodes of dyspnea and malaise. Consistent with scleroderma, the patient was started on mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) 500 mg daily, with close monitoring for disease progression and systemic involvement. Overlap syndrome remains under-recognized due to its variable presentation and rarity. Treatment is individualized based on the specific connective tissue diseases involved and the patient’s symptoms. Multidisciplinary care is crucial for timely management and to adjust treatment as needed, given the potential for life-threatening complications involving cutaneous and internal organs.

Objective:To determine the association of demographic profiles and clinical characteristics of patients with aural foreign bodies seen at the Emergency Room (ER) of the East Avenue Medical Center with clinical outcomes

Methods:
Design:Cross-Sectional Study
Setting:Tertiary Government Training Hospital
Participants:A total of 143 aural foreign body cases seen at the ER from January to December 2022 under the Department of Otorhinolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery (ORL-HNS) of East Avenue Medical Center were included in the study.

Results: Of the 143 patients, majority (84; 58.74%) were males. Mean age was 21.92 years old with two peak incidences noted at ages 1-12 years old and 18-65 years old. Most of the patients were right-handed (134; 93.71%). Majority of the foreign bodies were animate (76; 53.15%) and were frequently found to be lodged on the right ear (86; 60.14%) with duration from lodgment to
extraction commonly within less than 24 hours (119; 83.22%). One hundred forty two (99.30%) patients had successful foreign body extraction, 60 (41.96%) had complications, specifically involving the external auditory canal (51; 35.66%) and tympanic membrane (6; 4.20%). Significant associations were found between age and type of foreign body [χ2 (3, N =143) = 31.24, p < .01] with a higher proportion of animate foreign bodies in adults and inanimate foreign bodies in children; sex and presence of complications [χ²(1, N = 143) = 5.41, p < .05] with males experiencing more complications than females; type and duration of foreign body [, χ²(2, N = 143) = 16.33, p < .01] with animate foreign bodies generally having a shorter duration of less than 24 hours compared to inanimate foreign bodies; and the duration of foreign body and presence of TM complications [χ²(4, N = 143) = 14.21, p < .01] with shorter durations (less than 24 hours) showing fewer TM complications. Males had higher odds of developing complications compared to females (OR = 2.315, 95% CI [1.105, 4.851])

A single-center, randomized, double-blind, dose-controlled trial of modified Sini Powder in treating mild to moderate generalized anxiety disorder(GAD) in the patients with syndrome of liver depression transforming into fire was conducted at Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences. A total of 80 patients with mild to moderate GAD and the syndrome of liver depression transforming into fire were included. Patients were assigned by the central randomization system at a ratio of 3∶1 into an observation group(n=60, receiving a conventional-dose of granules of modified Sini Powder) and a control group(n=20, receiving low-dose granules with the active ingredients being 50% of that in observation group). Assessments were conducted before treatment(baseline), after 2 weeks of introduction, after 2/4/8 weeks of treatment, and after 4 weeks of follow-up. The results were summarized as follows. In terms of primary outcome indicators, the observation group(62.2%) showed higher total response rate than the control group(26.6%)(P<0.05), and greater Hamilton anxiety scale(HAMA) score reduction after 8 weeks of treatment(P<0.05). In terms of secondary outcome indicators, the HAMA score(somatic anxiety score), traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) syndrome scores, Pittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI) scale, and clinical global impression(CGI) scale score in the observation group showed a significant compared to the control group at each visit points(P<0.05). Adverse events occurred in 10 cases, including 9(16.9%) cases in the observation group and 1(6.6%) case in the control group. No adverse reaction was observed. In conclusion, conventional-dose modified Sini Powder demonstrated superior efficacy and favorable safety for mild and moderate GAD in the patients with the syndrome of liver depression transforming into fire over low-dose treatment.
Humans ; Male ; Female ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Double-Blind Method ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/administration & dosage* ; Anxiety Disorders/drug therapy* ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult ; Powders ; Aged ; Liver/drug effects* ; Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Neuropsychiatric SLE (NPSLE) comprises the neurologic and psychiatric syndromes observed in patients with SLE after exclusion of other causes. The diagnosis of NPSLE is challenging due to diverse clinical manifestations and absence of laboratory or radiologic biomarkers.

We present the case of a patient with SLE with a chronic isolated seizure and was successfully managed with antiepileptic medication and high-dose corticosteroids.

Seizures may occur as an isolated manifestation of an SLE flare. Ischemic and inflammatory causes of seizure may coexist in active lupus and both should be considered in managing patients. A prompt and holistic workup to rule out metabolic, infectious, and structural neural causes and lupus disease activity of seizures is prudent for patients with SLE.

Medical students need the basic skills and techniques in family counseling to holistically manage a family. E-learning as a mode of teaching family counseling was experienced by medical students due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This was a case series of ten medical students in a tertiary training hospital who described their thoughts and feelings about the e-learning platform used. A focused group discussion composed of seven students was conducted independently. The students’ perceptions on the use of e-learning were generally negative in nature. The volume of online learning materials to be studied and the poor-quality videos reflected the sudden shift to e-learning due to the pandemic. Limitations on the e-learning format resulted in the inability to recognize non-verbal gestures which was crucial in counseling. The poor internet connectivity within the students’ learning environment was a hindering factor as it prolonged the counseling. Positive perception was mainly due to the effectiveness of the instructor in teaching online family counseling. The adeptness in navigating online platforms and guidance to students during the demo-returndemo resulted in the achievement of the expected outcomes of the workshop. The high preference to face-to-face mode may be attributed to the number of negative perceptions by the students.

Congenital divided nevus of the eyelids is a rare form of melanocytic nevus which involves contiguous portions of the upper and lower eyelid margins unilaterally, hence the term ‘kissing nevus’. While usually present at birth, these nevi may also appear later in life. When the mass enlarges, it may cause cosmetic issues to the patient, as well as functional problems such as mechanical ptosis, ectropion, and epiphora.

We report three cases of congenital divided nevus of the eyelids, all presenting with unilateral upper and lower hyperpigmented lid masses since birth. The first case had an upper lid mass measuring 11 mm x 19 mm, and a lower lid mass measuring 55 mm x 47 mm, with both masses extending into the palpebral conjunctiva, and causing severe ptosis and corneal neovascularization due to chronic irritation. The second case presented with hyperpigmented masses at the lateral third of the right upper eyelid measuring 8 mm x 17 mm and of the lower eyelid measuring 9 mm x 15 mm on the lower lid with lashes growing through the masses. There was extension of the mass into the palpebral conjunctiva. The third case presented with a 23 x 18 mm hyperpigmented, well-circumscribed, verrucated mass at the medial half of the upper eyelid crossing the eyelid margin, and a 15 x 13 mm lesion at the medial third of the lower lid with the same characteristics, with small crusty lesions and clotted blood. All three patients underwent excision biopsy with lid reconstruction using full thickness skin grafts from the supraclavicular area. Six months postoperatively, the first case underwent a repeat full thickness skin graft due to graft contraction, and also received two sessions of fractional carbon dioxide (CO2 ) laser, two sessions of intralesional triamcinolone injections, and silicone gel application with further improvement of graft healing and scarring. The second case also underwent two sessions of intralesional steroid injection for scar management. During follow-up, which spanned 13 months for the first case, 10 months for the second case, and two months for the third case, improved functional and cosmetic outcomes were observed.

This case series highlights the outcomes of the most common surgical technique done for congenital divided nevi of the eyelids. Congenital divided nevi are usually diagnosed clinically and malignant degeneration is rare, hence lid reconstruction may be done without frozen section. The cases in the series were treated due to cosmetic and functional purposes, hence the importance of continuous post-operative follow-up to monitor for graft dehiscence, scar development, recurrence of the mass, malignant degeneration, and development of lid malposition. Additional procedures for scar management, such as CO2 laser and intralesional steroid injections, may be necessary to further enhance outcomes in complex cases. All three cases in this series exhibited improved functional and cosmetic outcomes post-operatively, with significant reduction in ptosis and scarring. Longterm follow-up revealed satisfactory recovery with minimal complications, with no recurrence nor malignant degeneration.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE

Type II Diabetes Mellitus remains a pressing public health concern among Filipino adults, particularly prevalent in urban households belonging to the middle to richest wealth population. As body composition influences glucose metabolism, understanding the potential of anthropometric parameters is vital in predicting fasting blood sugar. This study aims to generate and find the most appropriate model that can detect likelihood of elevated FBS using different anthropometric parameters.

The data set from 2018-2019, 2021 Expanded National Nutrition Survey of Department of Science and Technology - Food and Nutrition Research Institute, consisting of 14,655 adults aged 18–65 years from 33 highly urbanized cities (HUCs) was used in this study. While controlling for study variables, multiple logistic regression was used to determine significant predictors affecting the fasting blood sugar (FBS) status of these adults.

The above normal status of each anthropometric parameter, in the models for BMI (aOR=2.33; pCONCLUSION

There is no single anthropometric parameter that can truly discern the status of elevated FBS. However, it appears the use of waist circumference and waist-hip ratio have the potential to be an indicator especially in settings where the evaluation of the actual FBS of the individuals is not feasible. Future research suggests exploring possible interaction of BP, and FBS, diet quality and adequacy, and the effectiveness of having multiple anthropometric parameters in one model.

BACKGROUND/IMPORTANCE OF THE STUDY

At present, there is not much data on the prevalence of cancer in the young adult population in the local setting, in addition to prevalence and determinants of distress in this population. The findings of this study may help to understand the current situation of this young population, and it may also provide a reference for further improving outcomes among these patients who have a distinct set of needs compared to the older counterparts, in addition to a long life expectancy ahead of them.

This study employed an observational cross-sectional design that included young adult cancer patients, aged 19 to 39 years old, seen at the hospital outpatient clinics and Cancer Center from October 2023 to December 2023. Demographic and clinical data were collected. The participants were also asked to fill out the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) Distress Thermometer (DT) Screening Tool and Problem List after signing the written informed consent. Data were collated and analyzed per clinical variable.

The mean age of the participants was 34.55 years (SD=3.97), with most of them being 36 to 39 years old (51.67%). Comparative analyses of different demographic and clinical characteristics indicated that none of the characteristics were significantly different between those without and with significant distress levels (p >0.05). The mean distress score was 4.11 (SD=2.60) and categorizing these scores using the established cut-off score showed that 58.33% (95% CI = 44.88% to 70.93%) had distress. Time from cancer diagnosis significantly predicted distress development, specifically between 6 and 12 months from cancer diagnosis (aOR = 0.03, p = 0.042). Factors significantly contributing to distress are concerns on changes in eating, loss or change of physical abilities, worry or anxiety, sadness or depression, loss of interest or enjoyment, loneliness, changes in appearance, feelings of worthlessness or being a burden, relationship with friends, ability to have children, taking care of oneself, finances, access to medicine, issues on sense of meaning or purpose, and on death, dying and afterlife (pCONCLUSION

Significant distress is present in more than 50% of young adult cancer patients seen in a private tertiary institution in the Philippines. The time from cancer diagnosis significantly predicted distress development. Emotional and practical concerns significantly contributed to distress in this population.