OBJECTIVE: To observe the clinical efficacy of auricular electroacupuncture for post-stroke dysphagia in the pharyngeal phase. METHODS: Eighty-two patients with post-stroke dysphagia in the pharyngeal phase were randomized into an auricular electroacupuncture group (41 cases) and a swallowing electrical stimulation group (41 cases, 1 case dropped out). In the auricular electroacupuncture group, electroacupuncture was applied at auricular points, i.e. Xin (CO₁₅) and Yanhou (TG₃), using disperse-dense wave, in frequency of 2 Hz/10 Hz, 30 min a time. In the swallowing electrical stimulation group, swallowing electrical stimulation was delivered for 30 min a time. Both groups were treated once daily for 4 weeks. The functional oral intake scale (FOIS) grade, as well as the hyolaryngeal complex displacement, the pharyngeal constriction rate (PCR) and the pharyngeal delay time (PDT) under video fluoroscopic study of swallowing (VFSS) were observed before and after treatment, and the clinical efficacy was evaluated in the two groups. RESULTS: Compared before treatment, the FOIS grade was improved (P<0.01), the forward and upward displacement amplitude of hyoid bone and thyroid cartilage was increased (P<0.05), and the PCR and PDT were decreased (P<0.05) after treatment in the two groups. After treatment, compared with the swallowing electrical stimulation group, the FOIS grade was superior (P<0.01), the upward displacement amplitude of hyoid bone and thyroid cartilage was larger (P<0.05) and the PCR and PDT were lower (P<0.05) in the auricular electroacupuncture group. The total effective rate was 85.4% (35/41) in the auricular electroacupuncture group, which was higher than 62.5% (25/40) in the swallowing electrical stimulation group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Auricular electroacupuncture can effectively trigger pharyngeal initiation and improve post-stroke dysphagia in the pharyngeal phase.
Humans ; Electroacupuncture ; Male ; Deglutition Disorders/etiology* ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Stroke/physiopathology* ; Pharynx/physiopathology* ; Acupuncture, Ear ; Acupuncture Points ; Deglutition ; Treatment Outcome ; Adult

Objective:To investigatethe effects of different blood lead levels on indicators of immune function in occupationally lead-exposed populations.Methods:From October to December 2023, a total of 126 occupationally exposed lead workers of a company in Guizhou Province were selected, and their basic information was collected through questionnaires. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was used to detect blood lead levels in the study population. Workers were categorized into Group 1, Group 2 and Group 3 based on blood lead levels (blood lead levels <200 μg/L, 200~400 μg/L and >400 μg/L). Lymphocyte subpopulation marker leukocyte differentiation antigen (CD) in peripheral blood and interleukin (IL) -1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-17, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and interferon (IFN) -γ in serum were examined by flow cytometry. Serum levels of immunoglobulin (Ig) A, IgG, IgM, and complement proteins (C3, C4) were measured by immunoscattering turbidimetry. Data were statistically analyzed using rank sum test, Chi-square test or Fisher exact probability method for multiple samples.Results:Compared with group 1, the percentage of CD3 +CD8 + and CD4 +CD25 + cells decreased ( P<0.05) and the percentage of CD4 + CD95 + cells increased in the lead-exposed populations in groups 2 and 3 ( P<0.05) ; however, the serum IL-1β, IL-2, IL- 5, IL-8, IL-12p70, and IFN-γ levels were decreased ( P<0.05) in group 3. Meanwhile, IgG ( P<0.05) and IgM levels in serum of lead-exposed population in group 2 and group 3 were reduced ( P<0.05) comparing with group 1. Spearman correlation analysis showed that blood lead levels of workers were negatively correlated with the percentage of peripheral blood CD8 +CD95 + cells, CD3 +CD8 + cells, CD3 -CD16 + CD56 + cells, IgG, IgM, and IgA ( rs=-0.20, -0.22, -0.23, -0.24, -0.26, -0.35, P<0.05), but was positively correlated with the level of CD3 +CD4 + cells ( rs= 0.18, P<0.05). Regression analysis revealed that blood lead level was a risk factor for the percentage of CD8 +CD95 + cells, CD3 +CD8 + cells, CD3 -CD16 + CD56 + cells, IgG, IgM, and IgA ( P<0.05) . Conclusion:Different lead loads can lead to abnormal changes in peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets, cytokines, and immunoglobulin levels in occupationally lead-exposed people. Lead exposure in occupationally lead-exposed populations may affect their immune function.

Objective:To investigatethe effects of different blood lead levels on indicators of immune function in occupationally lead-exposed populations.Methods:From October to December 2023, a total of 126 occupationally exposed lead workers of a company in Guizhou Province were selected, and their basic information was collected through questionnaires. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was used to detect blood lead levels in the study population. Workers were categorized into Group 1, Group 2 and Group 3 based on blood lead levels (blood lead levels <200 μg/L, 200~400 μg/L and >400 μg/L). Lymphocyte subpopulation marker leukocyte differentiation antigen (CD) in peripheral blood and interleukin (IL) -1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-17, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and interferon (IFN) -γ in serum were examined by flow cytometry. Serum levels of immunoglobulin (Ig) A, IgG, IgM, and complement proteins (C3, C4) were measured by immunoscattering turbidimetry. Data were statistically analyzed using rank sum test, Chi-square test or Fisher exact probability method for multiple samples.Results:Compared with group 1, the percentage of CD3 +CD8 + and CD4 +CD25 + cells decreased ( P<0.05) and the percentage of CD4 + CD95 + cells increased in the lead-exposed populations in groups 2 and 3 ( P<0.05) ; however, the serum IL-1β, IL-2, IL- 5, IL-8, IL-12p70, and IFN-γ levels were decreased ( P<0.05) in group 3. Meanwhile, IgG ( P<0.05) and IgM levels in serum of lead-exposed population in group 2 and group 3 were reduced ( P<0.05) comparing with group 1. Spearman correlation analysis showed that blood lead levels of workers were negatively correlated with the percentage of peripheral blood CD8 +CD95 + cells, CD3 +CD8 + cells, CD3 -CD16 + CD56 + cells, IgG, IgM, and IgA ( rs=-0.20, -0.22, -0.23, -0.24, -0.26, -0.35, P<0.05), but was positively correlated with the level of CD3 +CD4 + cells ( rs= 0.18, P<0.05). Regression analysis revealed that blood lead level was a risk factor for the percentage of CD8 +CD95 + cells, CD3 +CD8 + cells, CD3 -CD16 + CD56 + cells, IgG, IgM, and IgA ( P<0.05) . Conclusion:Different lead loads can lead to abnormal changes in peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets, cytokines, and immunoglobulin levels in occupationally lead-exposed people. Lead exposure in occupationally lead-exposed populations may affect their immune function.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy and mechanism of Jasminoside in dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) -induced ulcerative colitis (UC) mice.Methods:Eighteen C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into control group, UC group and UC+Jasminoside group, with six mice in each group. The mice in UC group and UC+Jasminoside group freely drank 3%DSS solution for 7 days to induce UC mouse model. The mice in control group freely drank the water without DSS. During the modeling period, the mice in the UC+Jasminoside group were given Jasminoside at a dose of 20 mg/ (kg·d) by gavage for 7 consecutive days, meanwhile the mice in control group and UC group were given equal volumes of distilled water by gavage. The change of body weight and disease activity index (DAI) of the mice were observed daily, and the length of the colon was measured 7 days after the intervention. HE staining was used to observe the inflammatory changes of the colon, and Western blot was used to measure the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins (Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl), caveolin-1 (CAV-1), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), tight junction proteins (Occludin and Claudin-1). The differences in the above indicators among the mice in three groups were analyzed statistically.Results:All the mice survived. Compared with the control group, the body weight was lower, DAI score was higher, colon was shorter, whose differences were all statistically significant (all P<0.05), and inflammatory infiltration of colon tissue was more severe in mice of UC group. Compared with the UC group, body weight was higher, DAI score was lower, colon was longer, whose differences were all statistically significant (all P<0.05), and inflammatory infiltration of colon tissue was alleviated in mice of UC+Jasminoside group. Western blot results showed that compared with control group, the expression of Bcl-2, Bcl-xl, CAV-1, Occludin and Claudin-1 was significantly lower and the expression of iNOS was significantly higher in the colon tissues of mice in UC group, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). The expression of Bcl-2, Bcl-xl, CAV-1, Occludin and Claudin-1 in the colon tissues of mice in UC+Jasminoside group was significantly higher than those in UC group, while the expression of iNOS was lower, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05) . Conclusion:Jasminoside can alleviate the symptoms of UC model mice, and its mechanism of action may be related to upregulating the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins and protecting the intestinal mucosal barrier through CAV-1/iNOS pathway.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy and mechanism of Jasminoside in dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) -induced ulcerative colitis (UC) mice.Methods:Eighteen C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into control group, UC group and UC+Jasminoside group, with six mice in each group. The mice in UC group and UC+Jasminoside group freely drank 3%DSS solution for 7 days to induce UC mouse model. The mice in control group freely drank the water without DSS. During the modeling period, the mice in the UC+Jasminoside group were given Jasminoside at a dose of 20 mg/ (kg·d) by gavage for 7 consecutive days, meanwhile the mice in control group and UC group were given equal volumes of distilled water by gavage. The change of body weight and disease activity index (DAI) of the mice were observed daily, and the length of the colon was measured 7 days after the intervention. HE staining was used to observe the inflammatory changes of the colon, and Western blot was used to measure the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins (Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl), caveolin-1 (CAV-1), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), tight junction proteins (Occludin and Claudin-1). The differences in the above indicators among the mice in three groups were analyzed statistically.Results:All the mice survived. Compared with the control group, the body weight was lower, DAI score was higher, colon was shorter, whose differences were all statistically significant (all P<0.05), and inflammatory infiltration of colon tissue was more severe in mice of UC group. Compared with the UC group, body weight was higher, DAI score was lower, colon was longer, whose differences were all statistically significant (all P<0.05), and inflammatory infiltration of colon tissue was alleviated in mice of UC+Jasminoside group. Western blot results showed that compared with control group, the expression of Bcl-2, Bcl-xl, CAV-1, Occludin and Claudin-1 was significantly lower and the expression of iNOS was significantly higher in the colon tissues of mice in UC group, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). The expression of Bcl-2, Bcl-xl, CAV-1, Occludin and Claudin-1 in the colon tissues of mice in UC+Jasminoside group was significantly higher than those in UC group, while the expression of iNOS was lower, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05) . Conclusion:Jasminoside can alleviate the symptoms of UC model mice, and its mechanism of action may be related to upregulating the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins and protecting the intestinal mucosal barrier through CAV-1/iNOS pathway.

Objective: To understand and analyze the level and trend of lung function of children and adolescents in Yinchuan, Ningxia from 2010 to 2019, and to explore the influencing factors of vital capacity. Methods: Children and adolescents aged 7-13 years were randomly selected from Xingqing District, Jinfeng District and Xixia District of Yinchuan. Based on the data of vital capacity from three surveys in 2010, 2014 and 2019, the trends of changes across residence, ages and sex in 2010-2019 were analyzed, and the influencing factors were explored. Results: From 2010 to 2019, the vital capacity of children and adolescents aged 7- 13 years in urban and rural Yinchuan showed an upward trend( F=194.48, 382.47, P <0.01), with an increasing amount of 410.89 and 554.46 mL, respectively. In 2014, the vital capacity of urban students was higher than that of rural students, but it was lower than rural students in 2019. After stratified by age and sex, its trend was consistent with that of urban and rural areas, but students in all age groups in urban areas declined in 2014-2019. Height, weight, 50 m running, the phenomenon of "crowding out" or "Not attending" physical education and health class in school, the feeling of taking physical education and health class when exercising, the average time spent on exercises between classes every day, whether using pedometer, wearable equipment or exercise APP, travel time to school every day, the recognition on sports, were associated with vital capacity in children and adolescents ( β=-185.70, -54.94, P <0.05). Conclusion In recent years, the vital capacity of 7-13 year old children and adolescents in Yinchuan has shown an increasing trend. Physical fitness indicators and physical activity are influencing factors of lung capacity in children and adolescents. In the future, health management for students should be strengthened and students awareness of physical exercise should be improved.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the strategy of pregnancy-preserving and maternal- fetal management in patients with primary gynecologic neuroendocrine tumors (gNETs) during pregnancy. METHODS: We performed whole genome sequencing (WGS) for analyzing maternal and fetal somatic and germline single nucleotide variations (SNVs) and small insertions and deletions (InDels) for a 29-year-old pregnant woman diagnosed with stage IB2 large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) and adenocarcinoma in the cervix. A systematic literature review was performed to explore the strategies for treatment of such rare histological type while maintaining pregnancy. RESULTS: Global case analysis of cervical NETs during pregnancy suggested that negative lymph node metastasis and an early FIGO stage were potentially associated with a good prognosis of the patients. In the case presented herein, a pregnancy-preserving strategy was adopted and favorable maternal-fetal outcomes were achieved after neoadjuvant chemotherapy, radical surgery and postoperative systemic chemotherapy. At 35 CONCLUSIONS Although gNETs in pregnancy are rare and highly risky, pregnancy-preserving managements of gNETs can still be considered and favorable maternalfetal outcomes are possible with proper assessment of the clinical indications and implementation of multimodal treatments. Precise treatment and follow-up strategies based on the results of WGS for risk-reducing intervention of cancer recurrence or occurrence can potentially benefit the patient and the neonate.
Adenocarcinoma ; Adult ; Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine/genetics* ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Pregnancy ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/genetics*

Objective:To investigate whether the squirrels in Yunnan Province carried Yersinia pestis phages and their epidemiological significance. Methods:From 2015 to 2018, plague host animals were investigated in five of Yunnan plague foci and non-plague foci. The spleen, liver and intestinal specimens of the squirrels captured in the investigation were taken and stored at low temperature for later use. Intestinal specimens with PBS solution, were filtered by 0.22 μm and added to LB liquid medium containing 100 μl suspension of plague vaccine strain (EV76) and then oscillated in a constant temperature gas bath at 28 ℃ and 220 r/min for 18 to 24 h. The double-layer plate method was used to isolate and observe the growth of plaque. The morphology and structure of Yersinia pestis phages were observed under electron microscope. Meanwhile, spleen, liver and intestinal specimens were taken for detection of Yersinia pestis specific marker gene caf1. Results:A total of 10 squirrels were captured (8 Callosciurus erythraeus and 2 Dremomys pernyi), and four Yersinia pestis phages were isolated (2 in Callosciurus erythraeus and 2 in Dremomys pernyi). Two were isolated from non-plague foci (Yongshan County), two from house rats plague foci (Mile County and Xinping County), and none was isolated from wild radents plague foci (Jianchuan County and Eryuan County). By naked eye observation, two bacteriophages from the plague foci produced transparent plaques and grew well, while two bacteriophages from non-plague foci produced translucent plaques and with poor growth. By electron microscopy, these Yersinia pestis phages were of typical Myoviridae family, their head diameter was about 40 nm, muscle tail was about 120 nm, and tail filament cluster was slightly visible at the end of muscle tail. And all the 10 samples of squirrels were negative of plague-specific caf1 gene. Conclusions:The proportion of plague phages carried by Yunnan squirrels is relatively high. Although the detection of caf1 is negative. Squirrels may be a carrier of plague transmission due to the existence of Yersinia pestis phages.