Objective To compare the efficacy and safety of transurethral blue laser vaporization of the prostate, transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) or plasmakinetic resection of the prostate in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Methods The domestic and foreign clinical studies on transurethral blue laser vaporization of the prostate (observation group), TURP or plasmakinetic resection of the prostate (control group) in the treatment of BPH during Jan. 2015 and Mar. 2025 were retrieved. The data were extracted with Cochrane systematic review method. The operation time, decrease in hemoglobin, bladder irrigation time, catheter indwelling time, total complication rate, retrograde ejaculation rate and urinary incontinence rate of the two groups were compared with RevMan 5.3.0 statistical software. Results A total of 5 Chinese studies involving 491 patients (248 in the observation group and 243 in the control group) were included in the Meta-analysis. Compared with the control group, the observation group had shorter operation time [MD=-20.80, 95%CI:-26.88—-14.72, P＜0.00001], less decrease in hemoglobin [MD=-10.61, 95%CI: -20.21—-1.01, P=0.03], shorter bladder irrigation time [MD=-17.85, 95%CI: -32.62—-3.09, P=0.002], shorter catheter indwelling time [MD=-1.71, 95%CI: -2.81—- 0.62, P=0.002], lower total complication rate [OR=0.11, 95%CI: 0.06—0.21, P＜0.00001], lower retrograde ejaculation rate [OR=0.05, 95%CI: 0.02—0.16, P＜0.00001] and lower urinary incontinence rate [OR=0.24, 95%CI: 0.07—0.79, P=0.02]. There were no significant differences in other complications between the two groups (P＞0.05). The international erectile function score (IIEF-5) of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group [MD=1.87, 95%CI:1.16—2.57, P＜0.00001]. There were no significant differences in international prostate symptom score (IPSS), maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax) and post-voiding residual (PVR) between the two groups (P＞0.05). Conclusion All three surgical procedures can effectively improve the lower urinary tract symptoms of BPH patients. Compared with TURP or plasmakinetic resection of the prostate, transurethral blue laser vaporization of the prostate has obvious advantages in terms of perioperative recovery, reduction of total complications, urinary incontinence and retrograde ejaculation rates, and preservation of sexual function.

We surveyed tick species and their carried pathogens for three important emerging zoonotic diseases(Babesiosis,Lyme disease,and fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome)at border areas between China and Mongolia,to provide data support for the construction of a database on cross-border transmission of important tick-borne diseases and the prevention and control of zoonotic tick-borne diseases in border areas.In 2023-2024,tick samples were collected from 12 border areas along the Sino-Mongolian bor-der,and tick species were identified according to morphology and molecular biology,then tested for the pathogens of three newly emerging zoonotic diseases with real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR and conventional PCR.Positive samples were verified through gene sequencing.A total of 2 477 ticks of five genera and nine species were collected from the border areas of China and Mongolia.The dominant tick species were identified as the grassland leatherback tick,the full-groove tick,and the small glaucous-eyed tick.The overall positivity rates of ticks carrying Babesia,Lyme disease spirochetes,and fever with thrombocytopenia virus in the 12 border ar-eas were 8.32%,11.59%,and 0%,respectively.Babesia,the most widely distributed tick species,was detected in ticks at eight areas in the eastern,central,and western parts of the China-Mongolia border.This species was found in eastern,central,and western ports along the Sino-Mongolian border;showed tick positivity rates of 0.37%-38.82%;and was most frequently carried by full-groove hard ticks.Spirochetes of Lyme disease were the next most widely distributed,and were detected in samples from four port areas,primarily in the eastern ports along the Sino-Mongolian border;97.2%of positive samples were detected in full-groove hard ticks.Zoonotic Babe-sia spp.were widely distributed in the border crossing areas of China and Mongolia,and included five species of Babesia microti,Ba-besia venatorum,and Babesia divergens,whereas the Lyme disease spirochetes were prevalent mainly in the east,including five geno-types of Borreliella garinii,Borreliella afzelii,and Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto.Co-infection with Babesia and Lyme disease spiro-chetes was present in hard ticks throughout the groove,and co-infected samples accounted for 74.27%of Babesia positive and 53.31%of Lyme disease positive samples.Thus,Babesia and Lyme disease spirochetes were found to be important tick-borne emerging zoo-notic pathogens in the Sino-Mongolian border crossing areas,the infected ticks were primarily full-grooved hard ticks,and co-infections were found.

OBJECTIVE To explore the epidemiological characteristics of common allergens among children with al-lergic rhinitis(AR)in a children's specialized hospital of Beijing.METHODS A total of 2120 children who met the diagnostic criteria of AR and were treated in otolaryngology department of Beijing Jingdu Children's Hospital from 2021 to 2023 were recruited as the research subjects.The specific immunoglobulin E(sIgE)of allergens was de-tected by western blot quantitative assay.The positive rates of the allergens were statistically analyzed according to the age,sex and years.The epidemiological characteristics and changing trends were observed.RESULTS The pos-itive rate of allergens was 47.78％among the 2120 children,in whom multiple allergies polysensitization were pre-dominant;the positive rate of allergens and polysensitization rate were the highest among the population aged be-tween 1 and 7 years old.The inhalational allergens were dominant,and the positive rate of the Candida group was highest.The positive rates of inhalant allergens and ingested allergens reached the peak at the age of 1-7 and then declined with age;milk and egg white were the two types of predominant ingested allergens in childhood.Among the 2120 children,there were significant differences in the positive rates of allergens between the male and the fe-male,and the positive rates of the male were higher than those of the female(P＜0.001).The positive rates of al-lergens generally showed upward trends during the 3 years,the positive rates of the inhalant allergens such as mugwort,cat hair and dog dandruff ascended by a large margin,and the positive rates of the ingested allergens such as milk,egg white and egg yolk showed remarkable rising trends.CONCLUSIONS The causes of AR are complicated.There are a variety of factors affecting the allergen test.The epidemiological characteristics of the al-lergens among the AR children are observed from multiple perspectives,which may provide references for preven-tion and treatment of the children with AR.

OBJECTIVE To summarize the clinical characteristics and diagnosis and treatment experiences in dealing with non-severe Chlamydia psittaci pneumonia.METHODS The clinical data were collected from 34 patients who were diagnosed with non-severe C.psittaci pneumonia through quantitative polymerase chain reactiong(qPCR)for sputum in fever clinic of the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital from Mar.2023 to Mar.2024 and were retrospectively analyzed.The clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes were evaluated.RESULTS The average age of the patients was(44.82±13.74)years old,the ratio of male to female was 1∶1.83;all of the patients had fever;major symptoms were cough(70.59％),pharyngodynia(44.12％),and flu-like symptoms(41.18％);82.35％of the patients had the history of contact with poultry.The C-reactive pro-tein(CRP)level,interleukin-6(IL-6),systemic inflammatory response index(SIRI)and aggregate index of sys-temic inflammation(AISI)were higher among the patients aged no less than 44 years old than among the patients less than 44 years old(P＜0.05);the percentage of lymphocytes of the patients aged no less than 44 years old was lower than that of the patients aged less than 44 years old(P＜0.05).As for the imaging findings,73.53％of the patients had consolidation shadows,26.47％had ground-glass opacities,and 32.35％involved both lungs.All of the patients received quinolones or tetracyclines for treatment of 7-14 days and all symptoms relieved.CT reexami-nated 1 month after the treatment showed that 55.88％of the cases had complete absorption of pulmonary infec-tious lesions,and 35.29％had partial absorption.CONCLUSIONS The patients with non-severe Chlamydia psitta-ci pneumonia are characterized by the history of contact with poultry,fever complicated with respiratory tract symptoms,rise of inflammatory markers(more significant among patients of advanced age)and lower lobe con-solidation shadow/ground-glass opacities.Early identification and standardized treatment may facilitate the favora-ble treatment outcomes.

ObjectiveTo study the effect of Taikong Yangxin Pills on the metabolism of simulated weightless rats based on metabolomics and discuss the metabolism mechanism. MethodsIn the simulated space capsule environment on the ground， the rat model of simulated weightlessness was established by the tail suspension method. Rats were randomly grouped as follows： out-of-capsule control， in-capsule control， model， and high （3.0 g·kg^-1） and low （1.5 g·kg^-1） doses of Taikong Yangxin Pills， and they were administrated with corresponding drugs by gavage for 28 days. The serum levels of endogenous metabolites in rats were determined by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry （UPLC-Q-TOF/MS）. The obtained data were processed by principal component analysis （PCA） and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis （OPLS-DA） to screen for differential metabolites and potential biomarkers. MetaboAnalyst 5.0 was used for pathway enrichment analysis to explain the metabolic regulation mechanism of the drug. ResultsCompared with the out-of-capsule control group， the in-capsule control group showed elevated levels of thirteen metabolites， including 14-hydroxyhexadecanoic acid， linoleic acid， and α-linolenic acid （P<0.05）， which suggested that the space capsule environment mainly affected the metabolism of α-linolenic acid and linoleic acid in the rats. Compared with the in-capsule control group， the model group showed lowered levels of fourteen metabolites， including 4-imidazolone-5-propionic acid， isocitric acid/citric acid， and L-tyrosine （P<0.05）， which were recovered after the treatment with Taikong Yangxin pills （P<0.05）. The pathway enrichment analysis revealed that weightlessness induced by tail suspension and drug intervention mainly involved the phenylalanine， tyrosine， and tryptophan biosynthesis， tyrosine metabolism， histidine metabolism， and citric acid cycle. ConclusionThe simulated space capsule environment and simulated weightlessness induced by tail suspension can both affect the metabolism level of rats. Taikong Yangxin pills can ameliorate the metabolic abnormality in the rat model of weightlessness by regulating various amino acids and energy metabolism-related pathways.

BACKGROUND:Defective outgrowth of chondrocyte mitophagy causes degenerative chondrocyte pathological changes such as apoptosis and matrix loss.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects and possible mechanism of Juanbi Decoction-containing serum on interleukin-1β-induced inflammatory response and apoptosis of rat knee joint chondrocytes.METHODS:Fifty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly given saline,Juanbi Decoction in low,medium and high doses(1.24,2.48 and 4.96 g/kg),and celecoxib(positive drug)group.Drug-containing serum was obtained by continuous gavage for 2 weeks.(1)Chondrocytes were isolated and randomly divided into control group,interleukin-1β group,Juanbi Decoction low,medium and high dose containing serum groups and positive drug serum group.Cell counting kit-8 assay was used to detect cell viability;immunofluorescence double staining was used to detect mitophagy level;immunofluorescence was used to detect the phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase level;western blot was used to detect the expression of PTEN induced putative kinase 1/Parkin pathway-related protein and cleaved caspase-3;and ELISA was used to detect inflammatory factor level.(2)PTEN induced putative kinase 1 siRNA and Compound C were used for intervention to explore the role of AMP-activated protein kinase/PTEN induced putative kinase 1/Parkin pathway in the regulation of mitophagy by Juanbi Decoction-containing serum.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Compared with the control group,chondrocyte survival,type II collagen,phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase,PTEN induced putative kinase 1,Parkin,and microtubule-associated proteins 1 light chain 3 protein levels,and mitophagy levels were significantly lower in the interleukin-1β group(P<0.05),while cleaved caspase-3 protein levels,interleukin-6,interleukin-8 and tumor necrosis factor-α levels were significantly higher(P<0.05).Compared with the interleukin-1β group,opposite changes in all the above indexes were observed in Juanbi Decoction low,medium and high dose containing serum groups and positive drug serum group(P<0.05).(2)PTEN induced putative kinase 1 siRNA significantly inhibited the effect of Juanbi Decoction-containing serum on mitophagy in interleukin-1β-treated chondrocytes and reduced the protective effect of Juanbi Decoction-containing serum on interleukin-1β-induced inflammation and apoptosis in chondrocytes;Compound C reversed the effect of Juanbi Decoction-containing serum on the PTEN induced putative kinase 1/Parkin signaling pathway in interleukin-1β-treated chondrocytes.To conclude,Juanbi Decoction-containing serum inhibits chondrocyte inflammation and apoptosis by affecting the level of mitochondrial autophagy,thereby attenuating interleukin-1β-induced chondrocyte degradation by a mechanism that may be related to the regulation of the AMP-activated protein kinase/PTEN induced putative kinase 1/Parkin pathway.

We surveyed tick species and their carried pathogens for three important emerging zoonotic diseases(Babesiosis,Lyme disease,and fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome)at border areas between China and Mongolia,to provide data support for the construction of a database on cross-border transmission of important tick-borne diseases and the prevention and control of zoonotic tick-borne diseases in border areas.In 2023-2024,tick samples were collected from 12 border areas along the Sino-Mongolian bor-der,and tick species were identified according to morphology and molecular biology,then tested for the pathogens of three newly emerging zoonotic diseases with real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR and conventional PCR.Positive samples were verified through gene sequencing.A total of 2 477 ticks of five genera and nine species were collected from the border areas of China and Mongolia.The dominant tick species were identified as the grassland leatherback tick,the full-groove tick,and the small glaucous-eyed tick.The overall positivity rates of ticks carrying Babesia,Lyme disease spirochetes,and fever with thrombocytopenia virus in the 12 border ar-eas were 8.32%,11.59%,and 0%,respectively.Babesia,the most widely distributed tick species,was detected in ticks at eight areas in the eastern,central,and western parts of the China-Mongolia border.This species was found in eastern,central,and western ports along the Sino-Mongolian border;showed tick positivity rates of 0.37%-38.82%;and was most frequently carried by full-groove hard ticks.Spirochetes of Lyme disease were the next most widely distributed,and were detected in samples from four port areas,primarily in the eastern ports along the Sino-Mongolian border;97.2%of positive samples were detected in full-groove hard ticks.Zoonotic Babe-sia spp.were widely distributed in the border crossing areas of China and Mongolia,and included five species of Babesia microti,Ba-besia venatorum,and Babesia divergens,whereas the Lyme disease spirochetes were prevalent mainly in the east,including five geno-types of Borreliella garinii,Borreliella afzelii,and Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto.Co-infection with Babesia and Lyme disease spiro-chetes was present in hard ticks throughout the groove,and co-infected samples accounted for 74.27%of Babesia positive and 53.31%of Lyme disease positive samples.Thus,Babesia and Lyme disease spirochetes were found to be important tick-borne emerging zoo-notic pathogens in the Sino-Mongolian border crossing areas,the infected ticks were primarily full-grooved hard ticks,and co-infections were found.

The pandemic of the COVID-19 accelerated the research and developing process of nucle-ic acid vaccines worldwide.Biopharmaceutical companies represented by Pfizer BioNTech and Mod-erna of the United States completed the marketing of the COVID-19 mRNA vaccine at an aston-ishing speed.In a short time,COVID-19 nucleic acid vaccine from development to commercial pro-duction,and then to the rapid expansion of the industry,giving researchers great shock and inspira-tion.Can we utilize advanced technology platforms and develop veterinary nucleic acid vaccines un-der the concept of One Health to ensure the common health of animals and humans.This article summarizes the research progress of nucleic acid vaccines in companion animals and foodborne ani-mal diseases in recent years,and puts forward prospects for the application of nucleic acid vac-cines,especially mRNA vaccines.

BACKGROUND:Defective outgrowth of chondrocyte mitophagy causes degenerative chondrocyte pathological changes such as apoptosis and matrix loss.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects and possible mechanism of Juanbi Decoction-containing serum on interleukin-1β-induced inflammatory response and apoptosis of rat knee joint chondrocytes.METHODS:Fifty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly given saline,Juanbi Decoction in low,medium and high doses(1.24,2.48 and 4.96 g/kg),and celecoxib(positive drug)group.Drug-containing serum was obtained by continuous gavage for 2 weeks.(1)Chondrocytes were isolated and randomly divided into control group,interleukin-1β group,Juanbi Decoction low,medium and high dose containing serum groups and positive drug serum group.Cell counting kit-8 assay was used to detect cell viability;immunofluorescence double staining was used to detect mitophagy level;immunofluorescence was used to detect the phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase level;western blot was used to detect the expression of PTEN induced putative kinase 1/Parkin pathway-related protein and cleaved caspase-3;and ELISA was used to detect inflammatory factor level.(2)PTEN induced putative kinase 1 siRNA and Compound C were used for intervention to explore the role of AMP-activated protein kinase/PTEN induced putative kinase 1/Parkin pathway in the regulation of mitophagy by Juanbi Decoction-containing serum.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Compared with the control group,chondrocyte survival,type II collagen,phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase,PTEN induced putative kinase 1,Parkin,and microtubule-associated proteins 1 light chain 3 protein levels,and mitophagy levels were significantly lower in the interleukin-1β group(P<0.05),while cleaved caspase-3 protein levels,interleukin-6,interleukin-8 and tumor necrosis factor-α levels were significantly higher(P<0.05).Compared with the interleukin-1β group,opposite changes in all the above indexes were observed in Juanbi Decoction low,medium and high dose containing serum groups and positive drug serum group(P<0.05).(2)PTEN induced putative kinase 1 siRNA significantly inhibited the effect of Juanbi Decoction-containing serum on mitophagy in interleukin-1β-treated chondrocytes and reduced the protective effect of Juanbi Decoction-containing serum on interleukin-1β-induced inflammation and apoptosis in chondrocytes;Compound C reversed the effect of Juanbi Decoction-containing serum on the PTEN induced putative kinase 1/Parkin signaling pathway in interleukin-1β-treated chondrocytes.To conclude,Juanbi Decoction-containing serum inhibits chondrocyte inflammation and apoptosis by affecting the level of mitochondrial autophagy,thereby attenuating interleukin-1β-induced chondrocyte degradation by a mechanism that may be related to the regulation of the AMP-activated protein kinase/PTEN induced putative kinase 1/Parkin pathway.

Objective To investigate the relationship between different body position fixation tech-niques,umbilical plane volume change(ΔV),body weight change rate(ΔW%),and radiotherapy setup errors in cervical cancer patients,and to provide recommendations for determining the margin of planning target vol-ume(MPTV).Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 57 cervical cancer pa-tients who underwent radiotherapy at this hospital from June 2022 to May 2023.Patients were divided into the observation group(fixed with body membrane+thermoplastic pad,n=24)and the control group(fixed with body membrane alone,n=33)based on different positioning fixation methods.They were also further strati-fied by median BMI into BMI≥23.82 kg/m2 and BMI<23.82 kg/m2 patients.Setup errors in the left-right(X),cranio-caudal(Y),and anterior-posterior(Z)directions were recorded.Meanwhile,the umbilical plane volume on the first CT positioning image and the patient's body weight before positioning were recorded,as well as umbilical plane volume of cone-beam CT(CBCT)verification images during weekly radiotherapy and body weight before scan,the ΔV and ΔW%were calculated.Setup errors were compared between two groups,and correlations between ΔV,ΔW%and setup errors were analyzed in all patients,in two groups(the obser-vation group and the control group)and in two BMI subgroups.MPTV values in X,Y,and Z directions were calculated,and receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve determined the cut off values of ΔV and ΔW%when setup errors met the department's MPTV criteria.Results Compared with the control group,the ob-servation group showed significantly smaller setup errors in X,Y,and Z directions(P<0.05).Both ΔV and ΔW%were positively correlated with setup errors in X and Y direction in all patients,patients in the control group,and patients with BMI≥23.82 kg/m2(P<0.05).In the observation group,ΔW%was positively corre-lated with setup errors in Z direction in patients with BMI<23.82 kg/m2(P<0.05);In the control group,ΔV and ΔW%were positively correlated with setup errors in X and Y direction in patients with BMI≥23.82 kg/m2.ROC curve analysis showed that when setup errors in Y direction reached the department's MPTV criteria(8.41 mm),the cutoff values ΔV and ΔW%were 8.045 cm2 and 4.12%,respectively.Conclusion The body membrane+thermoplastic pad fixation technique reduces setup errors and mitigates the impact of ΔV and ΔW%on setup errors in X and Y directions.When ΔV or ΔW%exceeds the cutoff values,increasing CBCT verification frequency and re-fabricating the body membrane are recommended.