As a pair of core categories in traditional Chinese philosophy， "xiang （manifestation）" and "xing （physique）" together construct a cognitive paradigm distinct from the western subject-object dichotomy. Both originate from the common ontological foundation of "qi" ， exhibiting a dialectical unity between "xiang" which is characterized by change， virtuality， and functionality， and "xing" which is characterized by determinacy， substance， and structure. Their relationship achieves profound unity through shared origins， mutual transformation， and interdependence as substance and function. This dialectical "xiang-xing" paradigm is deeply embedded in the theoretical system of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）. It is reflected in the multi-layered construction of visceral manifestation theory， the cognitive approach of "inferring the viscera through manifestation" ， the clinical practice of "treating the physique by observing the manifestation"， and the academic feature of "emphasizing qi and body， unifying body and qi". Looking to the future， the "xiang-xing" paradigm can not only provide a philosophical foundation and methodological guidance for the modernization of TCM theory and the integration of Chinese and western medicine， but also demonstrate unique practical value in areas such as clinical precision diagnosis and treatment， innovative development and quality control of Chinese herbal medicine. Therefore， it can promote the creative transformation and innovative deve-lopment of TCM， and contribute holistic and dynamic Chinese wisdom to contemporary life sciences.

Objective To explore the characteristics of coagulation and immune function and their clinical significance in children with severe adenovirus pneumonia(SAP).Methods A total of 122 children with SAP and 120 children with non-severe adenovirus pneumonia(NSAP)were enrolled and assigned to severe group and non-severe group.The severe group was further subdivided into good prognosis subgroup(n=105)and poor prognosis subgroup(n=17)according to prognosis.Addition-ally,120 healthy children undergoing physical examination during the same period were included as control group.Coagulation function indicators,including prothrombin time(PT),activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT),fibrinogen(FIB),and thrombin time(TT)were measured.Levels of immunoglobulin A(IgA),immunoglobulin G(IgG),and immunoglobulin M(IgM)were determined using the nephelometric immunoassay.Multivariate Cox regression analysis was conducted to explore the influencing factors of poor prognosis.Results Compared with the control group,children in both the non-severe and severe groups exhibited increased levels of white blood cells(WBC),neutrophils(N),C-reactive protein(CRP),erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR),interleukin-6(IL-6),procalci-tonin(PCT),FIB,and IgG,as well as decreased levels of B lymphocytes,natural killer(NK)cells,PT,APTT,IgA,and IgM(P＜0.05).Compared with the non-severe group,children in the severe group showed increased levels of WBC,N,CRP,ESR,IL-6,PCT,FIB,and IgG,as well as decreased levels of B lymphocytes,NK cells,PT,APTT,IgA,and IgM(P＜0.05).Compared with the good prognosis subgroup,the poor prognosis subgroup exhibited increased levels of CRP,IL-6,PCT,and IgG,as well as decreased levels of APTT,IgM,and IgA(P＜0.05).The results of multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that PCT,APTT,and IgM were influencing factors of poor prognosis in children with SAP(P＜0.05).Conclusion Children with SAP have decreased levels of PT,APTT,IgA,and IgM,as well as increased levels of FIB and IgG.Coagulation and im-mune function indicators are correlated with the prognosis of SAP.

Cerebral small vessel disease is a group of age-related pathological syndromes with complex and diverse clinical symptoms.In the early stage,it is often asymptomatic or manifested as sleep or emotional disorders.Further disease development can lead to stroke or dementia,making it a crucial target for the early prevention and treatment of brain aging.Studies have shown that biological rhythm disorders are significantly associated with the onset,progression,and outcome of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.With the rapid development of modern society,the fast-paced lifestyle leads to the disorder of the body′s biological rhythm,thereby accelerating the aging process.However,few studies have investigated the correlation between cerebral small vessel disease and biological rhythm disorders in Western medicine.Sleep disorders and increased blood pressure variability related to cerebral small vessel disease may represent specific manifestations of biological rhythm disorders.The pathogenesis of cerebral small vessel disease is related to qi collaterals,and the biological rhythm disorder is mainly caused by the disorder of the growth and decline of yin and yang qi and the circulation of nutrient qi and defensive qi in the human body.Therefore,the disorder of qi rhythm may be involved in the early pathological mechanism of cerebral small vessel disease.By integrating Western medical research,this article explores the evolution of traditional Chinese medicine pathogenesis of cerebral small vessel disease associated with brain aging from the perspective of qi rhythm,aiming to provide novel diagnostic and treatment insights for the clinical treatment of cerebral small vessel disease.

Cerebral small vessel disease is a group of age-related pathological syndromes with complex and diverse clinical symptoms.In the early stage,it is often asymptomatic or manifested as sleep or emotional disorders.Further disease development can lead to stroke or dementia,making it a crucial target for the early prevention and treatment of brain aging.Studies have shown that biological rhythm disorders are significantly associated with the onset,progression,and outcome of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.With the rapid development of modern society,the fast-paced lifestyle leads to the disorder of the body′s biological rhythm,thereby accelerating the aging process.However,few studies have investigated the correlation between cerebral small vessel disease and biological rhythm disorders in Western medicine.Sleep disorders and increased blood pressure variability related to cerebral small vessel disease may represent specific manifestations of biological rhythm disorders.The pathogenesis of cerebral small vessel disease is related to qi collaterals,and the biological rhythm disorder is mainly caused by the disorder of the growth and decline of yin and yang qi and the circulation of nutrient qi and defensive qi in the human body.Therefore,the disorder of qi rhythm may be involved in the early pathological mechanism of cerebral small vessel disease.By integrating Western medical research,this article explores the evolution of traditional Chinese medicine pathogenesis of cerebral small vessel disease associated with brain aging from the perspective of qi rhythm,aiming to provide novel diagnostic and treatment insights for the clinical treatment of cerebral small vessel disease.

Objective:To compare clinical characteristics,treatment patterns and physiological indicators in bipolar disorder(BD)patients with different age of onset.Methods:Totally 380 patients with DSM-5 BD were se-lected in this study.Psychiatrists diagnosed the patients using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview.The clinical information questionnaire and the Global Assessment of Functioning scale were utilized to collected clinical characteristics,treatment status,and physiological indicators.The onset age of BD was divided into 21 and 35 years as cut-off points.Multivariate logistic regression and linear regression were used to analyze related factors.Results:Among the 380 patients with BD,199 cases were early-onset group(52.4％),121 cases were middle-onset group(31.8％),and 60 cases were late-onset group(15.8％).There were 26.6％of patients in the early-onset group in-itially diagnosed as depression,23.1％in the middle-onset group,and 11.7％in the late-onset group.Multivariate analysis revealed that compared to the early-onset group of BD,the middle-onset(OR=2.22)and late-onset(OR=4.99)groups had more risk to experience depressive episodes,and the late-onset group(OR=6.74)had 6.74 times of risk to suffer from bipolar Ⅱ disorder.Additionally,patients in the middle-onset(β=-1.52)and late-on-set(β=-4.29)groups had shorter durations of delayed treatment,and those in the middle-onset(β=-1.62)and late-onset(β=-3.14)groups had fewer hospitalizations.Uric acid levels were lower in both the middle-onset(β=-28.39)and late-onset(β=-31.47)groups,and total cholesterol level was lower in the middle-onset group(β=-0.23).Conclusion:Patients with BD in different age of onset show significant differences in clinical charac-teristics,treatment conditions and physiological indicators.

Cerebral small vessel disease(CSVD)is a slowly progressive cerebrovascular disease caused by structural and functional disorders of small vessels and vascular neural units in the brain,and CSVD imaging markers may be evidence as manifestations of brain aging.Clinically,the onset of CSVD is not limited to individuals in middle-to-old age.Young patients without typical vascular risk factors may also have imaging markers,such as enlarged perivascular space and white matter hyperintensity.The diagnosis and treatment of these cases must be approached seriously.Compared with Western medicine,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has an advantage in treating disorders related to emotions,sleep,and cognition in patients with CSVD.Regarding CSVD,there are commonalities between anatomical structures,physiological functions,pathogenic mechanisms,and xuanfu and collateral theories in TCM.We combined the xuanfu and abnormal collateral theory and classified CSVD into three clinical stages:early-stage,dysfunction in xuanfu and stagnation in the qi collaterals;middle-stage,endogenous toxins and damage to the blood vessels;and late-stage,kidney and marrow deficiency and toxins damaging the brain collaterals.Different treatment strategies,such as promoting qi circulation,calming the mind,and dredging collaterals in the early stage;dispelling pathogenic factors and promoting blood circulation in the middle stage;tonifying the kidney and replenishing the marrow and removing toxins from collaterals in the late stage,are applied at different stages to offer novel perspectives on TCM treatment for CSVD.

With the rapid development of society and the improvement of Western medicine,the average life expectancy of the Chinese population has steadily increased. Since the beginning of the 21th century,China has officially entered an aging society and is currently in a phase of rapid growth in the elderly population. The effective management and improvement of the health levels of the elderly have become urgent issues that society needs to address. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM),rooted in Chinese traditional culture,has developed a rich system of health preservation through thousands of years of historical practice,which has important guiding significance in actively coping with the aging of the population. This article discusses the historical evolution of the theory of health preservation in TCM,the interpretation of aging mechanisms by TCM,and the strategies for elderly health preservation from the perspective of TCM. By exploring TCM health preservation concepts,a theoretical framework for the health care of the elderly is constructed,so as to provide a scientific basis for their health management.

2019 novel coronavirus(2019-nCoV) outbreak is one of the public health emergency of international concern.Since the 2019-nCoV outbreak, China has been adopting strict prevention and control measures, and has achieved remarkable results in the initial stage of prevention and control.However, some imported cases and sporadic regional cases have been found, and even short-term regional epidemics have occurred, indicating that the preventing and control against the epidemic remains grim.With the change of the incidence proportion and the number of cases in children under 18 years old, some new special symptoms and complications have appeared in children patients.In addition, with the occurrence of virus mutation, it has not only attracted attention from all parties, but also proposed a new topic for the prevention and treatment of 2019-nCoV infection in children of China.Based on the second edition, the present consensus further summarizes the clinical characteristics and experience of children′s cases, and puts forward recommendations on the diagnostic criteria, laboratory examination, treatment, prevention and control of children′s cases for providing reference for further guidance of treatment of 2019-nCoV infection in children.

Objective:To analyze the value of color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) in evaluating effects of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for breast cancer.Methods:100 patients with breast cancer who underwent surgery after NAC in Cancer Hospital of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from January 2018 to April 2019 were selected for retrospective analysis. According to effects of chemotherapy, they were divided into effective group and ineffective group. The changes in lesion size, ultrasound findings, grade of blood flow in lesions, resistance index (RI) and peak systolic velocity (PSV) before and after NAC were compared between the two groups.Results:The length, width, thickness and volume of masses in effective group after NAC [(2.03±0.24)cm, (1.69±0.24)cm, (1.06±0.14)cm, (3.64±0.39)cm 3] were smaller than those before NAC [(3.40±0.36)cm, (2.35± 0.26)cm, (1.78±0.19)cm, (14.24±1.53)cm 3] and those in ineffective group after NAC [(3.31±0.34)cm, (2.36±0.27)cm, (1.76±0.19)cm, (14.19±1.42)cm 3] ( P<0.05). After NAC, the the proportion of regular shape, clear boundary, more internal echo, and no abnormal posterior echo in effective group was statistically significant ( P<0.05), but there was no significant change in the ineffective group ( P>0.05). The proportion of clear boundary and excessive internal echo in the effective group was higher than that in the ineffective group ( P<0.05); the blood flow grade of the effective group after NAC was lower than that of the ineffective group ( P<0.05) After NAC, the RI (0.54±0.06) in effective group was lower than that in ineffective group (0.65±0.08) ( P<0.05), and there was no significant difference in PSV between the two groups ( P>0.05). Conclusions:The value of CDFI is high in evaluating NAC effect on patients with breast cancer. It can effectively measure and judge lesion size and blood flow changes, and provide basis for clinical curative effect evaluation.

OBJECTIVE： To optimize the purification technology of total flavonoids from Sparganium stoloniferum. METHODS： Separation and purification by macroporus adsorption resin， using sample solution pH， flow rate and concentration of eluent， the purification rate of total flavonoids as evalution indexes， the purification technology of total flavonoids from S. stoloniferum were optimized by Box-Behnken design-response surface methodology based on single factor test. Validation test was conducted. RESULTS： The optimal purification technology was sample solution pH 4.8， flow rate of eluent 2.0 BV/h， concentration of eluent 72％. The purification rate of total flavonoids in 3 batches of samples was 72.34％ （RSD＝1.77％， n＝3） in validation test， relative errors of which to predicted value （73.99％） was 2.13％. CONCLUSIONS： The optimal purification technology is stable and feasible， and can be used for the purification of total flavonoids from S. stoloniferum.