Objective To explore the effects of hydroxytyrosol-mediated macrophage polarization on burn wound healing in rats.Methods SD rats were randomly divided into burn group,hydroxytyrosol group,hydroxytyrosol+ov-NC group and hydroxytyrosol+ov-S100A9 group,with 10 rats in each group.Burn model was established by metal weight burn method.Wound healing rate was calculated;HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of wound skin tissue in rats;immunofluorescence was used to detect the ratios of M1 and M2 macrophages in the wound skin of rats;ELISA was used to detect the levels of macrophage inflammatory factors in the wound skin of rats;Western blot was used to detect the expression of S100A9/TLR4/NF-κB signal pathway in wound skin of rats.Results Compared with the burn group,hydroxytyrosol group and hydroxytyrosol+ov-NC group demonstrated higher wound healing ability and alleviated pathological damage,lower levels of M1 type macrophages and related factors,higher levels of M2 type macrophages and related factors,and lower expression of S100A9,TLR4 and p-NF-κB p65 proteins.Compared with hydroxytyrosol group and hydroxytyrosol+ov-NC group,S100A9 overexpression reduced the wound healing ability and aggravated the pathological damage,increased M1 type macrophages and related factors,decreased M2 type macrophages and related factors,and increased the expression of S100A9,TLR4 and p-NF-κB p65 proteins in hydroxytyrosol+ov-S100A9 group.Conclusion Hydroxytyrosol promotes wound healing in burn rats by down-regulating S100A9,and its mechanism may be related to inhibiting the activation of TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway and improving the imbalance of M1/M2 macrophages.

Objective To explore the effects of hydroxytyrosol-mediated macrophage polarization on burn wound healing in rats.Methods SD rats were randomly divided into burn group,hydroxytyrosol group,hydroxytyrosol+ov-NC group and hydroxytyrosol+ov-S100A9 group,with 10 rats in each group.Burn model was established by metal weight burn method.Wound healing rate was calculated;HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of wound skin tissue in rats;immunofluorescence was used to detect the ratios of M1 and M2 macrophages in the wound skin of rats;ELISA was used to detect the levels of macrophage inflammatory factors in the wound skin of rats;Western blot was used to detect the expression of S100A9/TLR4/NF-κB signal pathway in wound skin of rats.Results Compared with the burn group,hydroxytyrosol group and hydroxytyrosol+ov-NC group demonstrated higher wound healing ability and alleviated pathological damage,lower levels of M1 type macrophages and related factors,higher levels of M2 type macrophages and related factors,and lower expression of S100A9,TLR4 and p-NF-κB p65 proteins.Compared with hydroxytyrosol group and hydroxytyrosol+ov-NC group,S100A9 overexpression reduced the wound healing ability and aggravated the pathological damage,increased M1 type macrophages and related factors,decreased M2 type macrophages and related factors,and increased the expression of S100A9,TLR4 and p-NF-κB p65 proteins in hydroxytyrosol+ov-S100A9 group.Conclusion Hydroxytyrosol promotes wound healing in burn rats by down-regulating S100A9,and its mechanism may be related to inhibiting the activation of TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway and improving the imbalance of M1/M2 macrophages.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of temperature and time on the detection results of calcium and magnesium in urinary sample storage. METHODS: Urinary samples of 5 health volunteers were collected. The samples were stored in room temperature, 4 ℃ and-20 ℃ for different duration after sealed separately. A flame atomic absorption spectrometry was used to detect calcium and magnesium mass concentrations in the urinary samples. RESULTS: The variation rate of calcium and magnesium mass concentrations was <2.00% when urinary samples were stored at room temperature for 8 hours, the variation rate was <6.00% when samples were stored at 4 ℃ for 15 days, and it was <5.00% when samples were stored at-20 ℃ for 60 days. CONCLUSION: The temperature and time of urinary sample storage can affect the detection results of calcium and magnesium mass concentrations. Packing and storing samples at low temperature after collection as soon as possible is beneficial to ensure the accuracy of test results.

AIM: The extent similarity algorithm was introduced, integrated clustering analysis to evaluate the quality of different sources of Flos lonicerae japonicae. METHODS: The fingerprint spectum of Flos lonicerae japonicae was established to calculate correlation coefficient, cosine of the included angle and extent similarity of thirty-five samples, and then clustering analysis was adopted. RESULTS: In combination of the extent similarity and the clustering analysis to evaluate the quality of Flos lonicerae japonicae, and the results showed that it accorded with reality. CONCLUSION: This method is accurate and reliable, and it is an apparent, credible and efficient method for quality evaluation of Chinese medicines.

Objective: To provide an easy and feasible algorithm of the similarity between chromatographic fingerprints of herbs. Methods: To calculate similarity by combining the chromatographic overlap rate with relative area or height of mutual peaks of chromatographic fingerprints. Results: The algorithm was applied to the chromatographic fingerprints of samples in two references and the result is consistent with the fact. Conclusion: The calculated similarity with the proposed method can be sensitive to indicate the difference between fingerprints of herbs and the provided algorithm is simple and easy to be used.