1.Synthesis and in vitro antiviral effects against hepatitis C virus of oleanolic acid and ursolic acid derivatives
Shuwen XIAO ; Heyang ZHOU ; Yongsheng JIN ; Liming QIAO ; Wei ZHENG
Journal of Pharmaceutical Practice and Service 2025;43(10):503-508
Objective To design and synthesize derivatives of oleanolic acid and ursolic acid, and investigate their anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) activity along with that of common triterpenoid acids. To explore the structure-activity relationship and provide a reference for the research of anti-HCV drugs derived from natural products through obtaining compounds with higher activity. Methods Oleanolic acid and ursolic acid were directly reacted with corresponding amines using PyBOP as a condensing agent in the presence of DIEA. Alternatively, the target compounds were prepared through PCC oxidation followed by the Baeyer-Villiger reaction catalyzed by m-CPBA. In vitro anti-HCV activity was tested using the HCVcc infection model. Molecular docking was performed by Autodock software to investigate the interaction between the active compounds and HCV NS5B. Results Oleanolic acid, glycyrrhetinic acid, ursolic acid, and asiatic acid all exhibited certain anti-HCV effects. Specifically, oleanolic acid derivatives OA2-OA4, OA6, and OA7, as well as ursolic acid derivatives UA1 and UA2, demonstrated superior anti-HCV activity compared to their parent compounds. Preliminary structure-activity relationship analysis revealed that introducing a bulky group to 28-COOH of oleanolic acid and ursolic acid enhanced their activity. Molecular docking results demonstrated that the active compounds could stably bind to HCV NS5B, thereby exhibiting antiviral activity. Conclusion Pentacyclic triterpenoids possessed anti-HCV effects, and their derivatives coud be synthesized to obtain more active compounds. The anti-HCV mechanism of these compounds may be associated with their inhibition of NS5B.
2.Problems and Reflections on Salary System of Public Hospitals in China from the Policy Perspective
Cui LIAO ; Gelin ZHENG ; Yongsheng YANG
Chinese Health Economics 2024;43(9):18-22
Objective:It sorts out the relevant policies of China's public hospital salary system reform,summarizes the short-comings of public hospital salary policy in the process of formulation,and provides references for the subsequent adjustment and opti-mization of salary system.Methods:Based on Policy Modeling Consistency(PMC)index model,public hospital salary policies were collected and preprocessed,high-frequency words were extracted by text mining method,and an evaluation index system of sal-ary policies of public hospitals was constructed.By calculating the score of PMC index and first-level variables,the common prob-lems of various policies are analyzed,and specific suggestions were put forward.Results:The average PMC index of 12 public hos-pital compensation policies was 6.00,the overall quality of the policies was good,but there was still much room for improvement.The main common problems are the lack of internal and external linkage,the neglect of the incentive function of non-economic com-pensation and the unreasonable compensation structure.Conclusion:From the perspective of policy,the reform of public hospital salary system is a systematic project.It is suggested to take holistic thinking as the guide in the follow-up policy making process,en-hance the internal and extemal coordination of the policy,attach importance to the incentive role of non-economic compensation and optimize the salary structure,so as to promote the steady operation of the salary system reform of public hospitals.
3.Problems and Reflections on Salary System of Public Hospitals in China from the Policy Perspective
Cui LIAO ; Gelin ZHENG ; Yongsheng YANG
Chinese Health Economics 2024;43(9):18-22
Objective:It sorts out the relevant policies of China's public hospital salary system reform,summarizes the short-comings of public hospital salary policy in the process of formulation,and provides references for the subsequent adjustment and opti-mization of salary system.Methods:Based on Policy Modeling Consistency(PMC)index model,public hospital salary policies were collected and preprocessed,high-frequency words were extracted by text mining method,and an evaluation index system of sal-ary policies of public hospitals was constructed.By calculating the score of PMC index and first-level variables,the common prob-lems of various policies are analyzed,and specific suggestions were put forward.Results:The average PMC index of 12 public hos-pital compensation policies was 6.00,the overall quality of the policies was good,but there was still much room for improvement.The main common problems are the lack of internal and external linkage,the neglect of the incentive function of non-economic com-pensation and the unreasonable compensation structure.Conclusion:From the perspective of policy,the reform of public hospital salary system is a systematic project.It is suggested to take holistic thinking as the guide in the follow-up policy making process,en-hance the internal and extemal coordination of the policy,attach importance to the incentive role of non-economic compensation and optimize the salary structure,so as to promote the steady operation of the salary system reform of public hospitals.
4.Problems and Reflections on Salary System of Public Hospitals in China from the Policy Perspective
Cui LIAO ; Gelin ZHENG ; Yongsheng YANG
Chinese Health Economics 2024;43(9):18-22
Objective:It sorts out the relevant policies of China's public hospital salary system reform,summarizes the short-comings of public hospital salary policy in the process of formulation,and provides references for the subsequent adjustment and opti-mization of salary system.Methods:Based on Policy Modeling Consistency(PMC)index model,public hospital salary policies were collected and preprocessed,high-frequency words were extracted by text mining method,and an evaluation index system of sal-ary policies of public hospitals was constructed.By calculating the score of PMC index and first-level variables,the common prob-lems of various policies are analyzed,and specific suggestions were put forward.Results:The average PMC index of 12 public hos-pital compensation policies was 6.00,the overall quality of the policies was good,but there was still much room for improvement.The main common problems are the lack of internal and external linkage,the neglect of the incentive function of non-economic com-pensation and the unreasonable compensation structure.Conclusion:From the perspective of policy,the reform of public hospital salary system is a systematic project.It is suggested to take holistic thinking as the guide in the follow-up policy making process,en-hance the internal and extemal coordination of the policy,attach importance to the incentive role of non-economic compensation and optimize the salary structure,so as to promote the steady operation of the salary system reform of public hospitals.
5.Problems and Reflections on Salary System of Public Hospitals in China from the Policy Perspective
Cui LIAO ; Gelin ZHENG ; Yongsheng YANG
Chinese Health Economics 2024;43(9):18-22
Objective:It sorts out the relevant policies of China's public hospital salary system reform,summarizes the short-comings of public hospital salary policy in the process of formulation,and provides references for the subsequent adjustment and opti-mization of salary system.Methods:Based on Policy Modeling Consistency(PMC)index model,public hospital salary policies were collected and preprocessed,high-frequency words were extracted by text mining method,and an evaluation index system of sal-ary policies of public hospitals was constructed.By calculating the score of PMC index and first-level variables,the common prob-lems of various policies are analyzed,and specific suggestions were put forward.Results:The average PMC index of 12 public hos-pital compensation policies was 6.00,the overall quality of the policies was good,but there was still much room for improvement.The main common problems are the lack of internal and external linkage,the neglect of the incentive function of non-economic com-pensation and the unreasonable compensation structure.Conclusion:From the perspective of policy,the reform of public hospital salary system is a systematic project.It is suggested to take holistic thinking as the guide in the follow-up policy making process,en-hance the internal and extemal coordination of the policy,attach importance to the incentive role of non-economic compensation and optimize the salary structure,so as to promote the steady operation of the salary system reform of public hospitals.
6.Problems and Reflections on Salary System of Public Hospitals in China from the Policy Perspective
Cui LIAO ; Gelin ZHENG ; Yongsheng YANG
Chinese Health Economics 2024;43(9):18-22
Objective:It sorts out the relevant policies of China's public hospital salary system reform,summarizes the short-comings of public hospital salary policy in the process of formulation,and provides references for the subsequent adjustment and opti-mization of salary system.Methods:Based on Policy Modeling Consistency(PMC)index model,public hospital salary policies were collected and preprocessed,high-frequency words were extracted by text mining method,and an evaluation index system of sal-ary policies of public hospitals was constructed.By calculating the score of PMC index and first-level variables,the common prob-lems of various policies are analyzed,and specific suggestions were put forward.Results:The average PMC index of 12 public hos-pital compensation policies was 6.00,the overall quality of the policies was good,but there was still much room for improvement.The main common problems are the lack of internal and external linkage,the neglect of the incentive function of non-economic com-pensation and the unreasonable compensation structure.Conclusion:From the perspective of policy,the reform of public hospital salary system is a systematic project.It is suggested to take holistic thinking as the guide in the follow-up policy making process,en-hance the internal and extemal coordination of the policy,attach importance to the incentive role of non-economic compensation and optimize the salary structure,so as to promote the steady operation of the salary system reform of public hospitals.
7.Problems and Reflections on Salary System of Public Hospitals in China from the Policy Perspective
Cui LIAO ; Gelin ZHENG ; Yongsheng YANG
Chinese Health Economics 2024;43(9):18-22
Objective:It sorts out the relevant policies of China's public hospital salary system reform,summarizes the short-comings of public hospital salary policy in the process of formulation,and provides references for the subsequent adjustment and opti-mization of salary system.Methods:Based on Policy Modeling Consistency(PMC)index model,public hospital salary policies were collected and preprocessed,high-frequency words were extracted by text mining method,and an evaluation index system of sal-ary policies of public hospitals was constructed.By calculating the score of PMC index and first-level variables,the common prob-lems of various policies are analyzed,and specific suggestions were put forward.Results:The average PMC index of 12 public hos-pital compensation policies was 6.00,the overall quality of the policies was good,but there was still much room for improvement.The main common problems are the lack of internal and external linkage,the neglect of the incentive function of non-economic com-pensation and the unreasonable compensation structure.Conclusion:From the perspective of policy,the reform of public hospital salary system is a systematic project.It is suggested to take holistic thinking as the guide in the follow-up policy making process,en-hance the internal and extemal coordination of the policy,attach importance to the incentive role of non-economic compensation and optimize the salary structure,so as to promote the steady operation of the salary system reform of public hospitals.
8.Problems and Reflections on Salary System of Public Hospitals in China from the Policy Perspective
Cui LIAO ; Gelin ZHENG ; Yongsheng YANG
Chinese Health Economics 2024;43(9):18-22
Objective:It sorts out the relevant policies of China's public hospital salary system reform,summarizes the short-comings of public hospital salary policy in the process of formulation,and provides references for the subsequent adjustment and opti-mization of salary system.Methods:Based on Policy Modeling Consistency(PMC)index model,public hospital salary policies were collected and preprocessed,high-frequency words were extracted by text mining method,and an evaluation index system of sal-ary policies of public hospitals was constructed.By calculating the score of PMC index and first-level variables,the common prob-lems of various policies are analyzed,and specific suggestions were put forward.Results:The average PMC index of 12 public hos-pital compensation policies was 6.00,the overall quality of the policies was good,but there was still much room for improvement.The main common problems are the lack of internal and external linkage,the neglect of the incentive function of non-economic com-pensation and the unreasonable compensation structure.Conclusion:From the perspective of policy,the reform of public hospital salary system is a systematic project.It is suggested to take holistic thinking as the guide in the follow-up policy making process,en-hance the internal and extemal coordination of the policy,attach importance to the incentive role of non-economic compensation and optimize the salary structure,so as to promote the steady operation of the salary system reform of public hospitals.
9.Problems and Reflections on Salary System of Public Hospitals in China from the Policy Perspective
Cui LIAO ; Gelin ZHENG ; Yongsheng YANG
Chinese Health Economics 2024;43(9):18-22
Objective:It sorts out the relevant policies of China's public hospital salary system reform,summarizes the short-comings of public hospital salary policy in the process of formulation,and provides references for the subsequent adjustment and opti-mization of salary system.Methods:Based on Policy Modeling Consistency(PMC)index model,public hospital salary policies were collected and preprocessed,high-frequency words were extracted by text mining method,and an evaluation index system of sal-ary policies of public hospitals was constructed.By calculating the score of PMC index and first-level variables,the common prob-lems of various policies are analyzed,and specific suggestions were put forward.Results:The average PMC index of 12 public hos-pital compensation policies was 6.00,the overall quality of the policies was good,but there was still much room for improvement.The main common problems are the lack of internal and external linkage,the neglect of the incentive function of non-economic com-pensation and the unreasonable compensation structure.Conclusion:From the perspective of policy,the reform of public hospital salary system is a systematic project.It is suggested to take holistic thinking as the guide in the follow-up policy making process,en-hance the internal and extemal coordination of the policy,attach importance to the incentive role of non-economic compensation and optimize the salary structure,so as to promote the steady operation of the salary system reform of public hospitals.
10.Advances in neoadjuvant endocrine therapy for hormone receptor-positive/HER-2-negative breast cancer
Bi ZHAO ; Zheng CHUNHUI ; Wang XUE'ER ; Wang YONGSHENG
Chinese Journal of Clinical Oncology 2024;51(18):963-967
Hormone receptor-positive/HER-2-negative(HR+/HER2-)breast cancer exhibits low sensitivity to neoadjuvant chemotherapy(NCT);with minimal benefits observed from NCT.Neoadjuvant endocrine therapy(NET)achieves a clinical response comparable to that of NCT,but with lower toxicity.In addition,CDK4/6 inhibitors have changed the treatment landscape of HR+/HER2-breast cancer,raising new clinical challenges in the selection of the most effective endocrine therapies.In clinical practice,adaptive research designs should be adop-ted based on tumor biology,therapeutic efficacy,and tumor burden.In addition,optimizing treatment strategies and performing precise treatment is important.In this review,we discuss the application value of NET,efficacy evaluating and predicting methods,and potential NET-based combination therapies to provide reference information regarding the treatment of HR+/HER2-breast cancer for clinicians.

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