Evading host immunity killing is a critical step for virus survival. Inhibiting viral immune escape is crucial for the treatment of viral diseases. Serine/threonine kinase 39 (STK39) was reported to play an essential role in ion homeostasis. However, its potential role and mechanism in viral infection remain unknown. In this study, we found that viral infection promoted STK39 expression. Consequently, overexpressed STK39 inhibited the phosphorylation of interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) and the production of type I interferon, which led to viral replication and immune escape. Genetic ablation or pharmacological inhibition of STK39 significantly protected mice from viral infection. Mechanistically, mass spectrometry and immunoprecipitation assays identified that STK39 interacted with PPP2R1A (a scaffold subunit of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A)) in a kinase activity-dependent manner. This interaction inhibited DDB1 and CUL4 associated factor 1 (DCAF1)-mediated PPP2R1A degradation, maintained the stabilization and phosphatase activity of PP2A, which, in turn, suppressed the phosphorylation of IRF3, decreased the production of type I interferon, and then strengthened viral replication. Thus, our study provides a novel theoretical basis for viral immune escape, and STK39 may be a potential therapeutic target for viral infectious diseases.

Fluorine is a common chemical element. Excessive intake of fluoride can lead to fluorosis. Fluoride easily passes through the blood-brain barrier and accumulates in different brain regions, causing pathological changes in brain tissue. It leads to adverse effects on neuronal metabolism, enzyme, protein function, neurotransmitters, and redox homeostasis, and subsequently neuronal damage and neurodegenerative diseases in humans and experimental animals. This paper reviewed the effects and important mechanisms of fluoride on neurological function and behavior, involving mitochondrial toxicity, oxidative stress, cell apoptosis and autophagy, and activation of pro-inflammatory factors. It provided a reference for further studying the mechanisms of brain damage induced by fluorosis.

Objective: To analyze the adverse treatment outcome status and spatio temporal characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis cases among students in Qinghai Province, providing a reference basis for pulmonary tuberculosis prevention and control in schools. Methods: The data of student pulmonary tuberculosis cases during 2013-2023 in Qinghai Province were obtained through the "National Tuberculosis Management Information System", and the treatment outcome was retrospectively analyzed. The Joinpoint model was applied to analyze the adverse outcome rate trend. Global and local spatial autocorrelation analysis, and spatiotemporal scan cluster analysis were conducted on the adverse outcome rate of pulmonary tuberculosis among students in Qinghai Province. Results: During 2013-2023, 488 cases of adverse outcomes were reported among 6 155 students with pulmonary tuberculosis in Qinghai Province, with an adverse outcome rate of 7.93%. The reporting adverse outcome rate of pulmonary tuberculosis among students showed a downward trend from 2013 to 2023 (APC=-16.20, t =-3.89, P <0.05). The results of spatial autocorrelation showed that the adverse outcome rate of pulmonary tuberculosis was Moran s I >0 among students in Qinghai Province. Among them, there was a spatially positive correlation in the adverse outcome rate of pulmonary tuberculosis among students in 2020, 2021 and 2022(all Z >1.96, all P <0.05). The results of clustering and outlier analysis in local spatial autocorrelation showed that the areas with high high aggregation were mainly concentrated in Yushu Prefecture(Zhiduo County, Zaduo County, Nangqian County, Yushu City), Huangnan Prefecture (Zeku County, Henan County) and Hainan Prefecture (Tongde County). The low low concentration areas were distributed in Haidong City, Xining City, Haibei Prefecture (Gangcha County, Qilian County), Haixi Prefecture (Tianjun County, Ulan County), Hainan Prefecture (Gonghe County, Guide County) and Huangnan Prefecture (Tongren City, Jianzha County). The spatio temporal scanning showed that a total of two possible aggregation areas had been detected. Among them, the first level aggregation area composed of 10 counties and districts in Yushu Prefecture and Guoluo Prefecture of Qinghai Province, and the cluster radius was 658.09 km, the RR was 10.58 , and the LLR was 305.91; the second level aggregation area was composed of 16 counties and districts in Hainan Prefecture, Haixi Prefecture, Huangnan Prefecture and Guoluo Prefecture, and the cluster radius was 407.02 km, the RR was 9.83, and the LLR was 152.48 (both P <0.05). Conclusions The reporting rates of adverse treatment outcome of pulmonary tuberculosis cases among students in Qinghai Province remain relatively high and unevenly distribute throughout the province. Supervision should be strengthened to improve cases compliance,and to reduce student pulmonary tuberculosis adverse treatment outcomes incidence.

Acute lateral ankle sprain (ALAS) is one of the most common sport injuries, with high incidence, recurrence and disability rates. Currently, exercise rehabilitation-based non-surgical treatment is the primary management approach for ALAS. However, there remain improper practices such as excessive immobilization or uncontrolled activity, which contribute to recurrent sprains and chronic ankle instability, significantly impairing patients′ athletic function and quality of life. To standardize the non-surgical management of ALAS, improve the cure rates, and reduce the recurrence and disability rates, Chinese Sports Rehabilitation Medicine Training Project of Chinese Medical Association, Foot and Ankle Basics and Orthopedics Group, Orthopedic Branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association, and Sports Medicine Branch of Jiangsu Medical Association organized relevant experts to formulate Expert consensus on non-surgical treatment for acute lateral ankle sprain ( version 2025), following the principles of scientific vigor, practicality, and innovation. Thirteen recommendations were proposed for standardized treatment protocols across different healing phases, aiming to provide references for standard management of ALAS and improve the therapeutic outcomes.

Digital technologies have become an integral part of complete denture restoration. With advancement in computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM), tools such as intraoral scanning, facial scanning, 3D printing, and numerical control machining are reshaping the workflow of complete denture restoration. Unlike conventional methods that rely heavily on clinical experience and manual techniques, digital technologies offer greater precision, predictability, and efficacy. They also streamline the process by reducing the number of patient visits and improving overall comfort. Despite these improvements, the clinical application of digital complete denture restoration still faces challenges that require further standardization. The major issues include appropriate case selection, establishing consistent digital workflows, and evaluating long-term outcomes. To address these challenges and provide clinical guidance for practitioners, this expert consensus outlines the principles, advantages, and limitations of digital complete denture technology. The aim of this review was to offer practical recommendations on indications, clinical procedures and precautions, evaluation metrics, and outcome assessment to support digital restoration of complete denture in clinical practice.
Humans ; Denture, Complete ; Computer-Aided Design ; Denture Design/methods* ; Consensus ; Printing, Three-Dimensional

OBJECTIVE To investigate the prevalence of plasma vitamin B1 deficiency in patients with sepsis and analyze the relationship between plasma vitamin B1 levels and lactic acidosis.METHODS A total of 40 patients with sepsis and 42 patients with sepsis shock admitted to the intensive care unit(ICU)of General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University from Nov.2020 to Nov.2022 were selected as the study objects.Volunteers matched by age,gender and body mass index(BMI)were selected as the healthy group.Data on gender,age,BMI,under-lying diseases,sequential organ failure assessment(SOFA)score,acute physiology and chronic health evaluation(APACHE)Ⅱ score,infection site,duration of mechanical ventilation and ICU length of stay were collected.La-boratory tests including blood routine,electrolytes,blood lactate(Lac),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspar-tate aminotransferase(AST),blood urea nitrogen(BUN)and serum creatinine(Scr)were performed in both groups.Plasma samples from both disease group and the healthy group were collected.High-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS/MS)was used to measure plasma thiamine(vitamin B1)levels in the disease group on the first,third and fifth days,respectively,as well as in the healthy group.RESULTS On the first day of admission,both the sepsis group and the septic shock group exhibited vitamin B1 de-ficiency.Specifically,6 cases of vitamin B1 deficiency were observed in the patients with sepsis,while 8 cases of vitamin B1 deficiency were noted in the patients with septic shock(P=0.640).By the third and fifth days,the proportions of vitamin B1 deficiency in the sepsis group were 22.50％and 42.50％,respectively,whereas in the septic shock group,these proportions were high at 26.19％and 54.76％,with a statistically significant difference(P＜0.05).On the fifth day,in the normal liver function group,vitamin B1 levels showed a negative correlation with lactate(r=-0.590,P=0.005),whereas in the abnormal liver function group,vitamin B1 levels were pos-itively correlated with lactate(r=0.678,P=0.017).The patients in the septic shock group had low K+and ALB levels[(2.60±0.42)mmol/L and(24.56±5.78)g/L,respectively]compared to those in the sepsis group(P＜0.05).CONCLUSIONS Plasma vitamin B1 deficiency is prevalent among patients with sepsis.Changes in plasma vitamin B1 levels are closely associated with blood lactate levels in these patients.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the prevalence of plasma vitamin B1 deficiency in patients with sepsis and analyze the relationship between plasma vitamin B1 levels and lactic acidosis.METHODS A total of 40 patients with sepsis and 42 patients with sepsis shock admitted to the intensive care unit(ICU)of General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University from Nov.2020 to Nov.2022 were selected as the study objects.Volunteers matched by age,gender and body mass index(BMI)were selected as the healthy group.Data on gender,age,BMI,under-lying diseases,sequential organ failure assessment(SOFA)score,acute physiology and chronic health evaluation(APACHE)Ⅱ score,infection site,duration of mechanical ventilation and ICU length of stay were collected.La-boratory tests including blood routine,electrolytes,blood lactate(Lac),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspar-tate aminotransferase(AST),blood urea nitrogen(BUN)and serum creatinine(Scr)were performed in both groups.Plasma samples from both disease group and the healthy group were collected.High-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS/MS)was used to measure plasma thiamine(vitamin B1)levels in the disease group on the first,third and fifth days,respectively,as well as in the healthy group.RESULTS On the first day of admission,both the sepsis group and the septic shock group exhibited vitamin B1 de-ficiency.Specifically,6 cases of vitamin B1 deficiency were observed in the patients with sepsis,while 8 cases of vitamin B1 deficiency were noted in the patients with septic shock(P=0.640).By the third and fifth days,the proportions of vitamin B1 deficiency in the sepsis group were 22.50％and 42.50％,respectively,whereas in the septic shock group,these proportions were high at 26.19％and 54.76％,with a statistically significant difference(P＜0.05).On the fifth day,in the normal liver function group,vitamin B1 levels showed a negative correlation with lactate(r=-0.590,P=0.005),whereas in the abnormal liver function group,vitamin B1 levels were pos-itively correlated with lactate(r=0.678,P=0.017).The patients in the septic shock group had low K+and ALB levels[(2.60±0.42)mmol/L and(24.56±5.78)g/L,respectively]compared to those in the sepsis group(P＜0.05).CONCLUSIONS Plasma vitamin B1 deficiency is prevalent among patients with sepsis.Changes in plasma vitamin B1 levels are closely associated with blood lactate levels in these patients.

Acute lateral ankle sprain (ALAS) is one of the most common sport injuries, with high incidence, recurrence and disability rates. Currently, exercise rehabilitation-based non-surgical treatment is the primary management approach for ALAS. However, there remain improper practices such as excessive immobilization or uncontrolled activity, which contribute to recurrent sprains and chronic ankle instability, significantly impairing patients′ athletic function and quality of life. To standardize the non-surgical management of ALAS, improve the cure rates, and reduce the recurrence and disability rates, Chinese Sports Rehabilitation Medicine Training Project of Chinese Medical Association, Foot and Ankle Basics and Orthopedics Group, Orthopedic Branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association, and Sports Medicine Branch of Jiangsu Medical Association organized relevant experts to formulate Expert consensus on non-surgical treatment for acute lateral ankle sprain ( version 2025), following the principles of scientific vigor, practicality, and innovation. Thirteen recommendations were proposed for standardized treatment protocols across different healing phases, aiming to provide references for standard management of ALAS and improve the therapeutic outcomes.

Purpose To investigate the expression of pro-tein of relevant evolutionary and lymphoid interest domain-con-taining 1(PRELID1)in gastric cancer tissues and to analyze its effect on prognosis,and the mechanism of influencing the prolif-eration and invasion ability of gastric cancer cells.Methods Using TCGA data and clinical data of 111 patients with gastric cancer,we analyzed the relationship between the expression of PRELID1 and clinicopathological parameters and the impact on clinical prognosis.The biological function of PRELID1 was pre-dicted by bioinformatics,and further verified by in vitro and in vivo experiments.Lentivirus was applied to regulate the level of PRELID 1 in gastric cancer cell line(MGC803)in vitro,and its effect on the proliferation,migration,and invasion of gastric cancer cells was observed.The nude mouse subcutaneous tumor-igenesis was used to observe the effect of PRELID1 on the growth of gastric cancer tissue in vivo.Results The expression of PRELID1 was significantly higher in gastric cancer tissues than that in the adjacent tissues(P＜0.001)and was positively cor-related with the cell proliferation indicator Ki67(P＜0.001).Cox regression model analysis showed that the high expression of PRELID 1 was an independent risk factor affecting the 5-year survival rate after radical gastrectomy(HR=2.336;95％CI=1.354-4.029).Gene enrichment results showed that the func-tion of PRELID1 was related to proliferation and JAK/STAT sig-naling.CCK-8 and Transwell experiments found that up-regula-tion of PRELID1 promoted the proliferation(P=0.016),mi-gration(P=0.016)and invasion(P=0.025)of gastric cancer cells,while down-regulation inhibited the proliferation(P=0.026),migration(P=0.048)and invasion(P=0.029).Subcutaneous tumor formation experiments in nude mice found that up-regulation of PRELID1 promoted the growth of gastric cancer tissue(P=0.047),while down-regulation was the oppo-site(P=0.005).Western blot detecting gastric cancer cells and gastric cancer tissues found that up-regulation of PRELID1 promoted the expression of JAK and STAT proteins(all P＜0.05),while down-regulation inhibited them(all P＜0.05).Conclusion The high expression of PRELID1 associated with poor prognosis may regulate the proliferation,migration and in-vasion of gastric cancer cells by up-regulating JAK/STAT signa-ling in gastric cancer.