ObjectiveTo investigate the mechanisms by which Renshentang treats atherosclerosis （AS） in mice， focusing on the regulation of endothelial inflammatory responses mediated by transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 1 （TRPV1）. MethodsAn AS model was established in apolipoprotein E knockout （ApoE^-/-） mice fed a high-fat diet. The mice were randomly divided into a simvastatin group （0.02 g·kg^-1·d^-1） and low-， medium-， and high-dose Renshentang groups （1.77， 3.54， 7.08 g·kg^-1·d^-1）， with 12 mice in each group. ApoE^-/- mice were fed a high-fat diet and treated simultaneously. C57BL/6J mice fed a normal diet served as the normal group （n=9）. After continuous administration for 12 weeks， mice were anesthetized and the aortas were collected. Oil Red O staining was used to observe lipid plaque formation in the aorta. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining was performed to examine pathological changes in the aortic root. Immunohistochemistry was used to analyze the levels of pro-inflammatory factors tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） and interleukin-1β （IL-1β）， as well as the expression of TRPV1， phosphorylated phosphoinositide 3-kinase （p-PI3K）， and phosphorylated protein kinase B （p-Akt） in the aortic root. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） was used to detect endothelial nitric oxide synthase （eNOS） mRNA expression in the aorta， and Western blot was used to detect TRPV1 protein expression. ResultsCompared with the normal group， the model group showed a significant increase in aortic plaque formation （P<0.01） and significantly elevated levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in the aortic root （P<0.01）. The expression levels of TRPV1， p-PI3K， and p-Akt were decreased （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and eNOS mRNA expression was reduced （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， all Renshentang groups significantly reduced aortic plaque formation （P<0.01）， significantly decreased TNF-α and IL-1β levels （P<0.01）， and markedly increased the expression levels of TRPV1， p-PI3K， p-Akt， and eNOS mRNA （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionRenshentang may inhibit endothelial inflammation and suppress the formation of AS by increasing TRPV1 protein expression and up-regulating the PI3K/Akt/eNOS signaling pathway， which may be one of the molecular mechanisms underlying its therapeutic effect against AS.

Metabolic associated fatty liver disease （MAFLD） is the main type of chronic liver disease in the world， with an increasingly higher incidence rate and a younger age of onset. At present， the treatment of MAFLD mainly depends on lifestyle intervention and comorbidity management， and there is still a lack of effective drugs for MAFLD itself. As a classic nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug of the salicylic acid family， aspirin can intervene in the pathological process of MAFLD by regulating lipid metabolism， relieving insulin resistance， reducing liver inflammation and oxidative stress response， exerting an anti-liver fibrosis effect， and inhibiting hepatocellular carcinoma， and therefore， it has the value of preventing disease onset， delaying disease progression， and reversing disease condition. This article systematically reviews the mechanism of action and safety of aspirin in the treatment of MAFLD， in order to provide more drug treatment options for MAFLD patients.

Uveal melanoma(UM)is the most common primary intraocular malignancy in adults and arises predominantly from the choroid. Mitochondria, as essential organelles, not only fuel energy metabolism, but also orchestrate signal transduction and apoptosis. Recent studies have progressively uncovered the multifaceted roles of mitochondria in UM, including mitochondrial DNA copy-number alterations, reprogramming of mitochondria-related metabolic genes, and mitochondria-dependent autophagy. Moreover, mitochondria modulate UM progression partly through the PI3K/AKT axis. Natural compounds and small-molecule drugs that impair mitochondrial function have also shown promising activity in inducing UM cell dysfunction. These findings provide new insights into UM pathogenesis and highlight mitochondria as potential therapeutic targets.

Informed consent constitutes a fundamental ethical principle in medical practice. With the in-depth integration of generative artificial intelligence （AI） represented by Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer （ChatGPT） with medicine， it has brought revolutionary development to traditional informed consent while also introducing new ethical challenges. ChatGPT offers features such as improving the readability of informed consent content， enhancing its comprehensiveness and accuracy， and increasing the convenience of obtaining informed consent. However， as the application of ChatGPT in informed consent is still in the exploratory stage， it is imperative to proactively and fully consider the accompanying ethical issues， such as information security， liability determination， transparency， and fairness. This paper conducted an ethical analysis on the challenges faced by generative AI， represented by ChatGPT， in the application of informed consent and proposed countermeasures， such as upholding free and fully informed consent， strengthening the balance of rights and obligations in informed consent， and establishing a transparent and fair supervision mechanism. The aim was to promote the ethically compliant， orderly， and controllable development of generative AI in the field of medical informed consent.

Chinese medicine intestinal administration(CMIA)can avoid the degradation of drugs in gastric acid,bypass the first-pass effect of the liver,and deliver drugs directly to the lesion site.This approach increases local drug concentration,reduces drug dosage,and enhances bioavailability.This study systematically introduces the advantages,drug dosage forms,and whole-colon deliv-ery technologies of CMIA for treating UC,and reviews its mechanisms of action,including repairing intestinal epithelial layer and mu-cous layer,regulating the intestinal microbiota,improving immune function,and promoting local blood circulation.It also analyzes the current progress and limitations of research,aiming to provide a more solid theoretical basis for the treatment of UC with Chinese medi-cine and to offer references for the development of UC therapeutic drugs and administration methods.

Objective:To construct the supportive care intervention scheme for breast cancer radiotherapy patients based on the empowerment theory and discuss its application effect, so as to provide the reference for the clinical nursing intervention.Methods:According to the investigation results of the current situation of supportive care needs of patients with breast cancer radiotherapy and the results of literature review, a supportive care intervention scheme for breast cancer radiotherapy patients based on the empowerment theory was constructed by Delphi expert consultation method.Adopting experimental research, breast cancer radiotherapy patients in General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University were selected by convenient sampling method. They were divided into the control group from April to May 2023 (40 cases) for routine nursing care, and the experimental group from August to September 2023 (40 cases) for the supportive care intervention scheme for breast cancer radiotherapy patients based on the empowerment theory on the basis of routine nursing care according to the admission time. The 34-item Short-Form Supportive Cancer Needs Survey (SCNS-SF34), Strategies Used by People to Promte Health (SUPPH), Cancer Fatigue Scale(CFS) and Function Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast (FACT-B) were collected on the day of admission, the end of radiotherapy and 3 months after radiotherapy to evaluate the effects before and after intervention.Results:After 1, 2 rounds of expert correspondence, the positivity of experts were 95.24%(20/21) and 100.00%(20/20), the expert authority coefficient was 0.804 and 0.825, and the Kendall harmony coefficient was 0.129 and 0.138 (both P<0.05). Finally, a supportive care intervention scheme for breast cancer radiotherapy patients based on the enabling theory was formed, which included 5 primary items, 11 secondary items and 32 tertiary items.The application results showed that there were 37 cases in the control group with an age of (48.16 ± 10.21) years, and 38 cases in the experimental group with an age of (44.50 ± 9.81) years. All patients were female. There was no statistically significant difference in the scores of SCNS-SF34, SUPPH, CFS, and FACT-B between the two groups on the day of admission(all P>0.05). Three months after the end of radiotherapy, the score of SCNS-SF34 in the experimental group was (73.24 ± 11.99) points, which was lower than (79.91 ± 14.79) points in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( t=4.43, P<0.05). At the end of radiotherapy and 3 months after the end of radiotherapy, the scores of SUPPH in the experimental group were (80.39 ± 8.55) and (92.37 ± 8.14) points, respectively, which were higher than (73.95 ± 9.86) and (86.24 ± 7.10) points in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( t=-3.03, -3.47, both P<0.05). At the end of radiotherapy and 3 months after the end of radiotherapy, the scores of CFS in the experimental group were 30.00 (28.75, 33.00) and (25.29 ± 3.26) points, respectively, which were lower than 34.00 (31.50, 35.00) and (27.59 ± 3.43) points in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( Z=-3.51, t=2.98, both P<0.05). At the end of radiotherapy and 3 months after the end of radiotherapy, the scores of FACT-B in the experimental group were (85.08 ± 12.74) and (105.53 ± 6.53) points, respectively, which were higher than (79.03 ± 7.90) and (95.73 ± 7.61) points in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( t=-2.48, -5.99, both P<0.05). Conclusions:The supportive care intervention scheme for patients with breast cancer radiotherapy based on the empowerment theory established in this study is scientific and feasible, which can reduce patients' needs for supportive care, alleviate cancer-related fatigue, and improve self-management efficacy and quality of life.

Objective To investigate the current status of family resilience of children with cancer and analyze its influencing factors,to provide a basis for medical staff to formulate intervention plans.Methods Using a convenient sampling method,children with cancer who were hospitalized in 2 tertiary hospitals in Henan Province from January to April 2024 were selected for the survey.A general information questionnaire,family resilience assessment scale,quality of life family version,ZBI caregiver burden interview,and social support rating scale were used to understand the current status of family resilience of children with cancer and to explore the related influencing factors by univariate analysis and multiple stepwise linear regression analysis.Results A total of 280 questionnaires were distributed and 265 valid questionnaires were recovered,with a valid questionnaire recovery rate of 94.64％.The total score of family resilience for primary caregivers of children with cancer was(185.63±30.66).The multiple stepwise linear regression analysis results showed that the children's self-care ability,caregiver's work status,family care burden,and social support level were the influencing factors for family resilience of children with cancer(P＜0.05),and the explanatory variance was 51.3％.Conclusion The family resilience of children with cancer is at a medium level.The worse the children's self-care ability and the heavier the family care burden,the worse the family resilience;the caregiver's work status and good social support are helpful for the family resilience of children with cancer.Healthcare workers should develop intervention programs to address these factors to enhance the family resilience of children with cancer.

Chinese medicine intestinal administration(CMIA)can avoid the degradation of drugs in gastric acid,bypass the first-pass effect of the liver,and deliver drugs directly to the lesion site.This approach increases local drug concentration,reduces drug dosage,and enhances bioavailability.This study systematically introduces the advantages,drug dosage forms,and whole-colon deliv-ery technologies of CMIA for treating UC,and reviews its mechanisms of action,including repairing intestinal epithelial layer and mu-cous layer,regulating the intestinal microbiota,improving immune function,and promoting local blood circulation.It also analyzes the current progress and limitations of research,aiming to provide a more solid theoretical basis for the treatment of UC with Chinese medi-cine and to offer references for the development of UC therapeutic drugs and administration methods.

Objective To explore the effect of home-based pharmaceutical care for patients with stable chronic obstruc-tive pulmonary diseases(COPD)based on a digital remote management applet.Methods A total of 237 patients with stable COPD from a hospital pharmaceutical outpatient service from March 2022 to March 2023 were divided into a control group,a home visit group,and a remote management group according to the random number table method.Patients in the home visit and re-mote management groups received home-based pharmaceutical interventions such as health science popularization,medication con-sultation,medication guidance,effect evaluation of pharmacotherapy,prescription simplification,and reorganization.Such interven-tions were not provided in the control group.Regular follow-up was performed for 12 months.Results After a pharmaceutical intervention,the operating scores of the inhalation device and medication compliance scores of the home visit and remote manage-ment groups were significantly better than the control group(P＜0.05).The improvement in medication compliance was greater in the remote management group than in the home visit group(54.3％ vs.44.6％).In the three groups between enrollment and 12 months follow-up,CAT scores decreased by 0.78,6.16,and 7.30 points in the control group,home visit group,and remote manage-ment group,respectively.The mean scores of SGRQ symptom decreased by 1.19,4.24,and 6.10 points,the mean activity scores decreased by 1.65,3.56,4.80 points,the impact mean score decreased by 1.08,4.19,5.16 points,and the mean score of the total score decreased by 1.29,4.00,4.80 points in the control group,home visit group,and remote management group,respectively.The remote management group showed dia better decline in CAT score and SGRQ score than the home visit group,and there were sig-nificant differences between the two groups compared with the control group after intervention(P＜0.05).Conclusions Digital remote management of home-based pharmaceutical care mode can effectively improve medication compliance,operation accuracy of inhalation devices,clinical symptoms,and the patient quality of life.This is an effective and efficient pharmaceutical care mode for the long-term home medication management of stable COPD patients.

ObjectiveTo explore the potential mechanism of action of the combination of Sanguisorbae Radix-Sophorae Flos （DH） in the treatment of ulcerative colitis （UC） using network pharmacology methods and molecular docking technology. MethodsNetwork pharmacology analysis was utilized to predict the potential targets of DH for the treatment of UC. The therapeutic effects were experimentally validated by inducing a UC model in mice with 3% dextran sulfate sodium （DSS）. The experimental groups were the normal group， the model group， the salazosulfapyridine group （100 mg·kg^-1）， and the low， medium， and high dose groups of DH （1.2， 2.4， and 4.8 g·kg^-1）. The efficacy of the treatment was assessed through the general condition of the mice， histopathological examination， and the expression levels of inflammatory markers in the colon. The effect of DH on angiogenesis was explored by messenger RNA （mRNA） detection of colonic angiogenesis-related mediators， vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） immunohistochemistry， microvessel density （MVD） detection， and transmission electron microscopy. The phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase （PI3K）-protein kinase B （Akt） signaling pathway proteins were quantitatively analyzed through Western blot to assess whether the suppression of pathological angiogenesis by DH is associated with this pathway. ResultsNetwork pharmacological analysis yielded 112 potential core therapeutic targets for the treatment of UC with DH， of which the core targets were tumor protein 53 （TP53）， JUN， interleukin （IL）-6， Akt1， and tumor necrosis factor （TNF）. Compared with the normal group， mice in the model group showed significant weight loss， colon shortening， and high DAI score， increased expression of inflammatory factors IL-6， IL-1β， and TNF-α， as well as increased mRNA expression levels of angiogenesis-related mediators VEGF， vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 （VCAM1）， angiotensin 1 （Ang1）， matrix metalloproteinase （MMP）-1， MMP-2， and MMP-9. The positive expression of CD31 and VEGF in colonic tissue increased， and the protein expression of the PI3K/Akt pathway was increased （P<0.05）. The endothelial cells of the colonic mucosa and the colonic vasculature were severely damaged. Compared with the model group， mice in the DH groups had significantly reduced weight loss and colon shortening， lower DAI scores， and a significant decrease in mRNA expression of inflammatory factors and angiogenesis-related mediators. In addition， there was decreased positive expression of CD31 and VEGF in colonic tissue and decreased protein expression of the PI3K/Akt pathway （P<0.05）. ConclusionNetwork pharmacology， molecular docking， and experimental validation are applied to explore the mechanism of action of DH in the treatment of UC， and it is found that DH is able to improve the symptoms of colitis and inhibit the pathological angiogenesis in UC mice. Its action might be related to affecting the PI3K/Akt pathway.