Objective·To investigate the application effects and benefits of full-neuroendoscopic technique in the surgical treatment of posterior cranial fossa lesions.Methods·A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 105 patients with posterior cranial fossa lesions who underwent surgery using full-neuroendoscopic techniques at the Department of Neurosurgery,Renji Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,between January 2021 and December 2023.The data included patients'gender,age,lesion locations,nature of lesions,surgical procedures,and postoperative recovery.Follow-up with contrast-enhanced MRI was performed one month postoperatively,with subsequent follow-ups every three months on average,depending on the nature of the lesions.Results·Among the 105 patients,there were 45 males with an average age of(56±17)years and 60 females with an average age of(62±12)years.Lesions were predominantly located in the cerebellopontine angle area(78 cases),with others in the petrous bone area(7 cases),cerebellum(10 cases),and brainstem(10 cases).The nature of lesions included vestibular schwannoma(11 cases),meningioma(7 cases),glioma(7 cases),brain metastases(7 cases),hemangioblastoma(6 cases),cyst(1 case),and neuropathic conditions such as trigeminal neuralgia(43 cases),hemifacial spasm(22 cases),and glossopharyngeal neuralgia(1 case).All patients successfully underwent resection or biopsy of their lesions or microvascular decompression under full-neuroendoscopy.The follow-up period ranged from 3 months to 3 years.Enhanced MRI confirmed complete resection in 34 tumor cases(87.2％),near-total resection in 3 cases(7.7％),and biopsy in 2 cases(5.1％).Three deaths occurred during follow-up.Among the patients with vascular neuropathic diseases,two with trigeminal neuralgia experienced incomplete pain relief postoperatively.The resolution rates for hemifacial spasm and glossopharyngeal neuralgia were 100％.Postoperative complications occurred in 3 cases,with 2 cases of hydrocephalus that were managed with ventriculoperitoneal shunting,and 1 case of poor wound healing.Conclusion·Full-neuroendoscopic technique demonstrates potential in the surgical treatment of posterior cranial fossa lesions.

Objective·To investigate the application effects and benefits of full-neuroendoscopic technique in the surgical treatment of posterior cranial fossa lesions.Methods·A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 105 patients with posterior cranial fossa lesions who underwent surgery using full-neuroendoscopic techniques at the Department of Neurosurgery,Renji Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,between January 2021 and December 2023.The data included patients'gender,age,lesion locations,nature of lesions,surgical procedures,and postoperative recovery.Follow-up with contrast-enhanced MRI was performed one month postoperatively,with subsequent follow-ups every three months on average,depending on the nature of the lesions.Results·Among the 105 patients,there were 45 males with an average age of(56±17)years and 60 females with an average age of(62±12)years.Lesions were predominantly located in the cerebellopontine angle area(78 cases),with others in the petrous bone area(7 cases),cerebellum(10 cases),and brainstem(10 cases).The nature of lesions included vestibular schwannoma(11 cases),meningioma(7 cases),glioma(7 cases),brain metastases(7 cases),hemangioblastoma(6 cases),cyst(1 case),and neuropathic conditions such as trigeminal neuralgia(43 cases),hemifacial spasm(22 cases),and glossopharyngeal neuralgia(1 case).All patients successfully underwent resection or biopsy of their lesions or microvascular decompression under full-neuroendoscopy.The follow-up period ranged from 3 months to 3 years.Enhanced MRI confirmed complete resection in 34 tumor cases(87.2％),near-total resection in 3 cases(7.7％),and biopsy in 2 cases(5.1％).Three deaths occurred during follow-up.Among the patients with vascular neuropathic diseases,two with trigeminal neuralgia experienced incomplete pain relief postoperatively.The resolution rates for hemifacial spasm and glossopharyngeal neuralgia were 100％.Postoperative complications occurred in 3 cases,with 2 cases of hydrocephalus that were managed with ventriculoperitoneal shunting,and 1 case of poor wound healing.Conclusion·Full-neuroendoscopic technique demonstrates potential in the surgical treatment of posterior cranial fossa lesions.

Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma as a traditional Chinese herbal medicine has now been recognized and paid attention to by the pharmaceutical community.Modern phytochemical studies have shown that Panax notoginseng saponin is the main chemical compo-nent of Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma.Modern pharmacological studies and clinical applications have revealed that it has anti-cancer,antioxidant and cardiovascular disease effects.In this study,we reviewed the research progress of the main chemical components and pharmacological effects of Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma,with the aim of providing assistance for the clinical application and later stud-ies of Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma.

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) combined with spinal fractures with thoracic and lumbar fracture as the most common type shows characteristics of unstable fracture, high incidence of nerve injury, high mortality and high disability rate. The diagnosis may be missed because it is mostly caused by low-energy injury, when spinal rigidity and osteoporosis have a great impact on the accuracy of imaging examination. At the same time, the treatment choices are controversial, with no relevant specifications. Non-operative treatments can easily lead to bone nonunion, pseudoarthrosis and delayed nerve injury, while surgeries may be failed due to internal fixation failure. At present, there are no evidence-based guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of AS combined with thoracic and lumbar fracture. In this context, the Spinal Trauma Academic Group of Orthopedics Branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association organized experts to formulate the Clinical guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of adult ankylosing spondylitis combined with thoracolumbar fracture ( version 2023) by following the principles of evidence-based medicine and systematically review related literatures. Ten recommendations on the diagnosis, imaging evaluation, classification and treatment of AS combined with thoracic and lumbar fracture were put forward, aiming to standardize the clinical diagnosis and treatment of such disorder.

The acute combination fractures of the atlas and axis in adults have a higher rate of neurological injury and early death compared with atlas or axial fractures alone. Currently, the diagnosis and treatment choices of acute combination fractures of the atlas and axis in adults are controversial because of the lack of standards for implementation. Non-operative treatments have a high incidence of bone nonunion and complications, while surgeries may easily lead to the injury of the vertebral artery, spinal cord and nerve root. At present, there are no evidence-based Chinese guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute combination fractures of the atlas and axis in adults. To provide orthopedic surgeons with the most up-to-date and effective information in treating acute combination fractures of the atlas and axis in adults, the Spinal Trauma Group of Orthopedic Branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association organized experts in the field of spinal trauma to develop the Evidence-based guideline for clinical diagnosis and treatment of acute combination fractures of the atlas and axis in adults ( version 2023) by referring to the "Management of acute combination fractures of the atlas and axis in adults" published by American Association of Neurological Surgeons (AANS)/Congress of Neurological Surgeons (CNS) in 2013 and the relevant Chinese and English literatures. Ten recommendations were made concerning the radiological diagnosis, stability judgment, treatment rules, treatment options and complications based on medical evidence, aiming to provide a reference for the diagnosis and treatment of acute combination fractures of the atlas and axis in adults.

Objective To observe the sensitization of lidocaine on subcutaneous hepatoma H22-bearing mice and abdominal cavity H22 tumor-bearing mice treated by mitomycin. Methods According to the random number table method, the mice were divided into subcutaneous tumor-bearing group and abdominal cavity tumor-bearing group, with 15 mice in each group. The mice in the two groups were further divided into three subgroups: model group, mitomycin group, mitomycin+lidocaine group, with 5 mice in each subgroup. The day before the intraperitoneal injection, the density of H22 cells obtained from peritoneal culture of one mouse was adjusted to 5 ×106/ml. Subcutaneous tumor-bearing group mice were injected H22 cells into the right armpit, and abdominal cavity tumor-bearing group mice were injected H22 cells into the abdominal cavity, 0.2 ml per mouse. Intraperitoneal injection was given after inoculation for 24 h (the experiment day 1), followed by intraperitoneal injection on day 5 and 9. Univariate ANOVA analysis and t test were used to analyze the solid tumor weight and tumor inhibition rate on the 11th day of subcutaneous tumor-bearing mice, and the survival time and life extension rate within 60 days of abdominal cavity tumor-bearing mice. Results The solid tumor weight of subcutaneous tumor-bearing mice model group, mitomycin group and mitomycin + lidocaine group were (3.77 ±1.02) g, (1.67 ±0.28) g, (0.74 ±0.19) g, respectively, and the differences in the three groups were statistically different (F = 31.753, P < 0.01); compared with the subcutaneous model group, the subcutaneous solid tumor weights of mitomycin group and mitomycin +lidocaine group were decreased and the differences were both statistically different (t=2.10, P<0.01; t=3.04, P<0.01); the subcutaneous solid tumor weight of mitomycin+lidocaine group was lower than that of mitomycin group (t= 0.93, P= 0.034). The tumor inhibition rate of mitomycin group and mitomycin +lidocaine group reached 55.70％ and 80.37％ respectively. The survival time of abdominal cavity tumor-bearing mice in model group, mitomycin group and mitomycin + lidocaine group was (16.80±0.84) d, (28.80± 6.30) d, (40.40±12.86) d, respectively, and the differences in the three groups were statistically different (F=10.155, P=0.003); compared with the abdominal cavity tumor-bearing mice model group, the survival time of mice in mitomycin group and mitomycin + lidocaine group was prolonged (t= 12.00, P= 0.041; t= 23.60, P= 0.001), and it was found that survival time in mitomycin + lidocaine group was longer than that in mitomycin group (t=11.60, P=0.047). The life extension rate of mitomycin group and mitomycin+lidocaine group reached 71.43％ and 140.48％ respectively. Conclusion Lidocaine can increase the sensitization of mitomycin on hepatoma H22-bearing mice.

The explosive growth and advancement of computer science in recent decades have prompted the rapid development and wide applications of imaging techniques in life science, which have brought about revolutionary changes in modern medicine. Nowadays, it is possible to visualize multiple physiological and disease processes, precisely and non-invasively, in a living human body. Modern medicine has even started"reading the mind", to diagnose psychology, behavior and degenerative disorders of human brain. The border between the organic and inorganic diseases in old dogma is disappearing because imaging techniques have"visualized"the neurological and tissue changes of inorganic disorders. Severe burn injury is associated with very complicated pathological processes, which are always at the borderline between life and death. Complete recovery of patients with severe burn injury, if possible, may take years of time. Hence, a real-time monitoring of the disease process is of pivotal importance in early recognition and prevention of life-threatening complications and in assessing the therapeutic efficacy for a less-eventful recovery. Here we review and introduce some potential applications of modern imaging techniques in burn care and research, which may benefit burn patients. Some techniques are still in their early or pre-clinical stage and some are mature techniques in other fields of medicine, which are potentially applicable in burn diagnosis and treatment through our research. We intend to bring your interest to this field which may eventually lead to new revenues improving our clinical work on burn victims.

BACKGROUND: Inhibiting the degradation of extracellular matrix in the intervertebral disc can delay the degenerative process of intervertebral disc. Matrix metalloproteinases-3 (MMP3) is considered as a key enzyme for degradation of extracelular matrix components such as type II collagen and aggrecan.
OBJECTIVE:To construct the short hairpin RNA lentiviral vector targeting human MMP3 gene and to detect its efficiency of gene silence by infecting human degenerative nucleus pulposus cells.
METHODS:According to the human MMP3 mRNA (NM_002422.4) sequence, four groups of the short hairpin RNA gene sequences targeting MMP3 were designed, synthesized and annealed to form double stranded DNA fragments, which were connected with the LV3 vectors digested by BamHI andEcoRI enzymes, and then transfected into the competent cels. The positive clones were identified by PCR, and analyzed by sequencing. The packaging and titer of lentivirus were determined after transfecting 293T cells. Human degenerative nucleus pulposus cels were infected with lentivirus vector, and the transfection efficiency of each group was observed under inverted fluorescence microscope. The interfering efficiency was detected by real time-PCR and western blot at 72 and 96 hours.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The ds-oligo DNA was successfully inserted into the lentiviral vector as confirmed by electrophoresis and sequence analysis. The recombinant lentivirus was harvested from 293T cels with a viral titer of 1-5 ×108 TU/mL. RNA interference targeting the GCC AGG CTT TCC CAA GCA AAT sequences with the highest interfering efficiency in MMP3 gene at 72 and 96 hours resulted in suppression of MMP3 mRNA expression by 98% and 72%, respectively; and at 96 hours, the interfering efficiency of protein expression was 57.2%. The recombinant lentivirus vector containing RNA interference targeting MMP3 gene is successfuly constructed, which lays a foundation for further studies on the MMP3 function and gene therapy.

Objective To study the effect of parenteral nutrition combined with chemotherapy on immune function in patients with digestive tract malignant tumor. Methods One hundred patients with digestive tract malignant tumor were selected, and they were divided into the observation group and the control group by random digits table method with 50 cases each. The patients in control group during chemotherapy did not receive special treatment, and the patients in observation group were given parenteral nutrition support according to the gastrointestinal function during chemotherapy. The nutrition index, immune function index and T lymphocyte subsets after treatment were observed. Results The transferrin, prealbumin, IgA, CD4+and CD4+/CD8+levels after treatment in observation group were significantly higher than those in control group: (2.41±0.53) g/L vs. (2.15±0.57) g/L, (0.28±0.07) g/L vs. (0.20±0.08) g/L, (3.25±1.19) g/L vs. (2.85±1.01) g/L, 0.403±0.065 vs. 0.323±0.083 and 2.15±1.02 vs. 1.35±0.73, while the IgM in observation group was significantly lower than that in control group: (1.02 ± 0.35) g/L vs. (1.48±0.78) g/L, and there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). There were no statistical differences in body weight, albumin, IgG, and CD8+between 2 groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Parenteral nutrition combined with chemotherapy can improve the immune function in patients with digestive tract malignant tumor, and provide a theoretical basis for the treatment of parenteral nutrition combination with chemotherapy.

Objective To study the effect of parenteral nutrition combined with chemotherapy on nutritional status and immunity function of patients with gastrointestinal cancer.Methods 100 gastrointestinal cancer patients were treated as research subjects,and they were randomly divided into the treatment group and the control group.The control group was not given special treatment during chemotherapy,while the observation group patients were given nutritional support according to the gastrointestinal function after admission.The nutrition indicators of ALB,TF,PA, immune function parameters IgA,IgG,IgM,T lymphocyte subsets and T cell immune function indicators(CD +4 ,CD +8 and CD +4 /CD +8 )were counted after the four courses.Results There was no significant difference between the preop-erative and after fourth courses of treatment(t =0.093,P >0.05)between the two groups in nutrition.Within group comparisons,data of Tf and PA levels in the observation group were significant different compared with the control group after fourth courses of treatment (t =3.302,P <0.05).After the first 4 postoperative course,IgM index was statistically significant(t =4.135,P <0.05)different between the two groups,three indicators within the observation group were higher than the preoperative level indicators,the difference was statistically significant(t =3.426,P <0.05).After the first 4 postoperative course,the CD +4 level was significantly higher in the observation group,the difference was statistically significant(t =0.087,P <0.05).Comparison between the two groups after the first four courses,the CD +4 /CD +8 level was higher than that of preoperative patients with a significant difference(t =3.359,P <0.05).Intra -group comparison of the control group,four courses of CD +8 was significantly lower than that of the pre-operative patients(t =3.265,P <0.05).Conclusion Parenteral nutrition combined with chemotherapy can improve the nutritional status of patients with malignant tumors of alimentary tract and improve the body's immune function, give parenteral nutrition support treatment and provide a theoretical basis for the digestive tract malignant tumor during chemotherapy.It is worthy of clinical popularization.