Radiochemotherapy-induced oral mucositis (OM) is a common oral complication in patients with tumors following head and neck radiotherapy or chemotherapy. Erosion and ulcers are the main features of OM that seriously affect the quality of life of patients and even the progress of tumor treatment. To date, differences in clinical prevention and treatment plans for OM have been noted among doctors of various specialties, which has increased the uncertainty of treatment effects. On the basis of current research evidence, this expert consensus outlines risk factors, clinical manifestations, clinical grading, ancillary examinations, diagnostic basis, prevention and treatment strategies and efficacy indicators for OM. In addition to strategies such as basic oral care, anti-inflammatory and analgesic agents, anti-infective agents, pro-healing agents, and photobiotherapy recommended in previous guidelines, we also emphasize the role of traditional Chinese medicine in OM prevention and treatment. This expert consensus aims to provide references and guidance for dental physicians and oncologists in formulating strategies for OM prevention, diagnosis, and treatment, standardizing clinical practice, reducing OM occurrence, promoting healing, and improving the quality of life of patients.
Humans ; Chemoradiotherapy/adverse effects* ; Consensus ; Risk Factors ; Stomatitis/etiology*

ObjectiveTo describe different non-alcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD） outcomes among community inhabitants， and further to explore the correlation between bio-indicator level variance and the outcomes. MethodsPhysical indicators （height， weight， waist circumstances， hip circumstances， blood pressure， etc）， biochemical indicators ［fasting plasma glucose， HbA1c， serum triglycerides（TG）， serum total cholesterol（TC）， low-density lipoprotein cholesterol（LDL-C）， high-density lipoprotein cholesterol（HDL-C）， liver related transaminase， etc］ and clinical imaging （B-scan ultrasonography） were collected during the follow-up from the Songjiang Natural Population Sub-cohort. The identification of NAFLD was supported by the definition criteria from Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of non⁃alcoholic fatty liver disease. Paired t-test and multifactorial logistic regression model were used to compare the difference between the indicator level of the subjects from different outcome subgroups and to further analyze the correlation between these indicator variance and different NAFLD outcomes. ResultsDuring a median follow-up time of 2.94 years， 12 076 subjects were involved. The cumulative NAFLD incidence and remission rate were 21.57% and 31.15%， respectively. The proportion of subjects who still had NAFLD was 27.96%. Among subjects with newly-developed NAFLD， indicators including blood pressure， BMI， fasting plasma glucose， and plasma lipid level increased， while in the remission subgroup， blood pressure， BMI（WHR）， waist-hip ratio（WHR）， and TG level were significantly decreased. Increased level of systolic pressure， WHR， BMI， HbA1c， and LDL-C might be the risk factors to the occurrence of NAFLD. While decreased level of WHR， BMI， TC and LDL-C level and elevated HDL-C level were likely to be the influencing factors of NAFLD remission process. ConclusionThe NAFLD morbidity in the community inhabitants is relatively high. BMI， WHR， fasting plasma sugar and plama lipid level variance may act as the influencing factors towards different NAFLD outcomes.

Objective To study the diagnostic value of miR-571 for liver fibrosis by detecting miR-571 expression in the peripheral blood of patients with liver fibrosis.Methods From December 2022 to September 2023,40 patients with liver fibrosis,40 patients with chronic hepatitis,and 40 healthy controls were chosen as research subjects.The expression level of miR-571 in peripheral blood was detected using a real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction,and the relative expression of miR-571 in each group was evaluated.The Spearman correlation method was utilized to examine the relationship between miR-571 and clinical detection indices.To assess the capacity of miR-571 and the multivariate diagnostic model to identify liver fibrosis,binary logistic regression was used to create a multivariate diagnostic model,and ROC curves were generated.Results The expression of miR-571 was significantly higher in the liver fibrosis group than in the healthy control and hepatitis groups,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.001).The expression level of miR-571 was positively connected with ALT,APRI score,and FIB-4 index(r = 0.23,0.30,0.22,P<0.05)and negatively correlated with PLT(r =-0.19,P<0.05)according to Spearman correlation analysis.Logistic regression research revealed that miR-571 and the FIB-4 index were independent risk factors for liver fibrosis.The AUC for miR-571 to diagnose fibrosis was 0.91(95%CI:0.85～0.96),while the AUC for miR-571 paired with the FIB-4 index was 0.94(95%CI:0.90～0.98).Conclusion MiR-571 expression was shown to be considerably higher in the peripheral blood of hepatic fibrosis patients,and the combined FIB-4 index offers some clinical diagnostic value for hepatic fibrosis.

【Objective】 To analyze the height growth of children aged 6 - 15 years in Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, so as to provide evidence for the assessment of local children′s height development. 【Methods】 A total of 25 225 children aged 6 - 15 years were selected to get their physical examination data from 41 primary schools in Nanning by stratified cluster sampling method in December 2021.Then the height data were compared with the current domestic standards. 【Results】 The average height of boys in Nanning was lower than the national standard before the age of 10 years and 7 months, and the gap with the national standard gradually narrowed after the age of 10 years and 7 months. The average height of boys in Nanning City exceeded the national standard between the age of 11 years and 1 month and 13 years and 6 months, and then lagged behind the national standard again after the age of 13 years and 7 months. The mean height of girls in Nanning City was lower than the national standard height in several age groups, and it was more obvious before the age of 9 years and 7 months. The proportion of height ≤-2s,≤-s,≥ +s and ≥+2s in boys aged 6 to 15 years in Nanning City fluctuated from 2.59% to 6.04%, 12.09% to 23.43%, 7.18% to 18.79% and 0.93% to 3.14%, respectively; the total proportions were 4.56%, 17.46%, 11.35% and 1.74%, respectively; the minimum/maximum proportion values of each height group were at 11 years old /8 years old, 14 years old/8 years old, 8 years old/12 years old, and 6 years old/11 years old, respectively. The proportions of girls aged 6 - 15 years in Nanning City with height ≤-2s, ≤-s, ≥+s, and ≥+2s fluctuated from 2.06% to 5.19%, 9.35% to 25.15%, 8.21% to 15.80% and 1.23% to 3.49%, respectively; the total proportions were 3.38%, 16.91%, 11.97% and 2.29%, respectively; and the minimum/maximum proportion values of each height group were at 13 years old/6 years old, 12 years old/6 years old, 7 years old/12 years old, and 6 years old/11 years old, respectively. 【Conclusions】 The overall height level of children in Nanning is still lower than the national level, with short prepubertal basal heights, an earlier age of onset of accelerated pubertal height, and a shorter duration of accelerated pubertal height in boys. Strengthening pre-pubertal height management and emphasizing the onset and duration of children′s pubertal development, especially the height development of boys during puberty, can help improve the adult lifelong height of children in this region.

Objective:To explore the application of virtual augmented reality (AR) technology combined with transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD) in nursing teaching of cerebrovascular diseases.Methods:Eighty-six nursing students who interned in the Department of Neurology of The First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University from January 2021 to November 2022 were assigned into control group (students of grade 2021) and research group (students of grade 2022). The control group received traditional teaching with AR technology about the anatomy of the cerebral arterial circle, its composition, and adjacent structures. The research group was given AR-assisted teaching combined with TCD-based demonstration and interpretation. At the end of internship, the assessment scores, satisfaction with teaching, clinical decision-making ability, self-learning ability, and problem-solving ability were compared between the two groups. SPSS 23.0 was used to perform the non-parametric test, t test, and chi-square test. Results:The theoretical, practical, and comprehensive ability assessment scores of the research group [90 (89, 96), 95 (90, 96), and 93 (90, 96), respectively] were significantly higher than those of the control group [89 (87, 91), 90 (89, 92), and 91 (89, 94), respectively]. In terms of satisfaction with teaching effects, teaching methods, teaching content, and teaching style, the scores of the research group [16 (15, 18), (5.98±0.91), (3.38±0.52), and 13 (11, 14), respectively] were significantly higher than those of the control group [14 (13, 16), (4.23±0.65), (2.37±0.36), and 13 (10, 14 ), respectively]. The research group showed significantly better independent learning abilities than the control group in information seeking [(4.66±0.71) vs. (4.00±0.61)] and solution seeking [(4.43±0.68) vs. (4.41±0.67)], with no significant differences in the other dimensions between the two groups. The research group was significantly superior to the control group in all problem-solving dimensions: positive orientation [12 (10, 12) vs. 10 (9, 11)], rationality [26 (23, 28) vs. 21 (21, 24)], negative orientation [15 (13, 20) vs. 20 (17, 20)], avoidance style [17 (15, 18) vs. 19 (17, 20)], and impulsivity/neglect style [16 (15, 18) vs. 18 (16, 20)]. For rounds assessment, the research group showed significantly higher scores than the control group in all the items except " communication with patients" [(9.21±0.39) vs. (9.04±0.53)] and "patient satisfaction with nursing students" [(8.92±0.53) vs. (8.73±0.56)].Conclusions:The teaching method based on AR combined with TCD can improve nursing students' knowledge of cerebrovascular diseases, clinical nursing ability, and satisfaction with teaching.

Pancreatic schwannoma is extremely rare. In this paper, the clinical, pathological and imaging features of a case of pancreatic schwannoma were retrospectively analyzed and the literatures were reviewed to improve the diagnostic ability.

OBJECTIVES: Application of ultrashort wave (USW) to rats with cerebral ischemia and reperfusion injury could inhibit the decrease of expression of secretory pathway Ca²⁺-ATPase 1 (SPCA1), an important participant in Golgi stress, reduce the damage of Golgi apparatus and the apoptosis of neuronal cells, thereby alleviating cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. This study aims to investigate the effect of USW on oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) injury and the expression of SPCA1 at the cellular level. METHODS: N2a cells were randomly divided into a control (Con) group, an OGD/R group, and an USW group. The cells in the Con group were cultured without exposure to OGD. The cells in the OGD/R group were treated with OGD/R. The cells in the USW group were treated with USW after OGD/R. Cell morphology was observed under the inverted phase-contrast optical microscope, cell activity was detected by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry, and SPCA1 expression was detected by Western blotting. RESULTS: Most of the cells in the Con group showed spindle shape with a clear outline and good adhesion. In the OGD/R group, cells were wrinkled, with blurred outline, poor adhesion, and lots of suspended dead cells appeared; compared with the OGD/R group, the cell morphology and adherence were improved, with clearer outlines and fewer dead cells in the USW group. Compared with the Con group, the OGD/R group showed decreased cell activity, increased apoptotic rate, and down-regulating SPCA1 expression with significant differences (all P<0.001); compared with the OGD/R group, the USW group showed increased cell activity, decreased apoptotic rate, and up-regulating SPCA1 expression with significant differences (P<0.01 or P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS USW alleviates the injury of cellular OGD/R, and its protective effect may be related to its up-regulation of SPCA1 expression.
Animals ; Rats ; Apoptosis ; Brain Ischemia ; Glucose/metabolism* ; Oxygen/metabolism* ; Reperfusion Injury/metabolism* ; Transcriptional Activation ; Up-Regulation ; Calcium-Transporting ATPases/metabolism*

Dysregulation of histone deacetylases (HDACs) is closely related to tumor development and progression. As promising anticancer targets, HDACs have gained a great deal of research interests and two decades of effort has led to the approval of five HDAC inhibitors (HDACis). However, currently traditional HDACis, although effective in approved indications, exhibit severe off-target toxicities and low sensitivities against solid tumors, which have urged the development of next-generation of HDACi. This review investigates the biological functions of HDACs, the roles of HDACs in oncogenesis, the structural features of different HDAC isoforms, isoform-selective inhibitors, combination therapies, multitarget agents and HDAC PROTACs. We hope these data could inspire readers with new ideas to develop novel HDACi with good isoform selectivity, efficient anticancer effect, attenuated adverse effect and reduced drug resistance.

ObjectiveTo understand the current situation and influencing factors of health service demands of new residents in Shanghai. MethodsFrom July to August 2020， a questionnaire survey was conducted in 1 358 new residents from 36 survey points in 7 districts of the city. The questionnaire included the basic medical insurance coverage in the inflow area， the current situation of medical demand and related influencing factors， and the demands for other health services. Results47.1%（562/1 194）of new residents did not choose to seek timely medical treatment when they were not feeling well. The main reason was that the working hours occupied the medical treatment time. Logistic regression analysis showed that the main factors affecting the medical needs in new residents were the average daily working hours， living area and type of residence， health status， physical examination and physical exercise， and the type of basic medical insurance. The demands of new residents for "health consultation of common diseases and frequently occurring diseases"， "health behavior intervention （such as smoking cessation and alcohol restriction）"， "medical guidance and publicity"， "accidental injury prevention （traffic， work， falling， etc.）" and "maintenance of legitimate rights and interests of health" were 57.1%（682/1 194）、41.3%（493/1 194）、34.9%（417/1 194）、32.2%（385/1 194） and 31.9%（381/1 194）， respectively. ConclusionNew residents demands for medical services cannot be met. We should actively improve the working and living conditions of new residents， improve the construction of new residents' health service system， and improve the utilization level of health services.

OBJECTIVE To establish a method for simultan eous determination of 5 kinds of pentacyclic triterpenoids as 3-O- acetyl-pomolic acid in Chaenomeles speciosa ，and to analyze the difference in the contents of C. speciosa from different producing areas by different processing technologies . METHODS HPLC method was adopted . The determination was performed on COSMOSIL 5 C18-MS-Ⅱ column with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile -0.005 mol/L ammonium dihydrogen phosphate solution （pH value adjusted to 6.5 with phosphoric acid ）（70∶30，V/V）at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The column temperature was set at 30 ℃. The detection wavelength was set at 210 nm，and sample size was 20 μL. The contents of the other four pentacyclic triterpenoids were calculated according to quantitative analysis of multi -components by single -marker（QAMS）using oleanolic acid as internal reference . The results were compared with those determined by external standard method . The total content of oleanolic acid and ursolic acid ，the total content of 5 components in C. speciosa from different producing areas and different processing technologies were compared . RESULTS The linear range of 3-O-acetyl-pomolic acid ，betulinic acid ，oleanolic acid ，ursolic acid and 3-O-acetyl ursolic acid were 4.06-81.2，2.12-42.4，9.62-192.3，7.77-155.4，4.21-84.1 μg/mL，respectively（R2＞0.999）. RSDs of precision ，reproducibility and stability （24 h）tests were all lower than 3%. The average recoveries were 98.29%-101.38% （RSDs＜3%，n＝6）. The mass fraction of 3-O-acetyl-pomolic acid ，betulinic acid ，ursolic acid and 3-O-acetyl ursolic acid measured by QAMS w ere 0.023%-0.060%，0.044%-0.528%，0.101%-0.368%，0.067%-0.221%，respectively；the deviations from the results measured by external standard method were all within 8%. The total content of oleanolic acid and ursolic acid， the total content of 5 components in C. speciosa processed by fresh -cut technology from the same producing area were higher than those in C. speciosa processed by traditional technology ，and the total content of 5 components in C. speciosa from Chongqing Qianjiang were significantly higher than those from other producing areas （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS QAMS method is established for the simultaneous determination of 3-O-acetyl-pomolic acid ，betulinic acid ，oleanolic acid ，ursolic acid and 3-O-acetyl ursolic acid in C. speciosa. Established method is simple ，rapid and accurate . The total content of 5 components in C. speciosa produced in Chongqing Qianjiang is higher ，and the total content of C. speciosa processed by fresh -cut technology from the same origin is higher than C. speciosa processed by traditional technology .