Acute pancreatitis is a common acute abdomen with a variety of causes and natural course.The incidence rate is increasing year by year.Some patients may develop severe acute pancreatitis,with serious complications and a high risk of death.Therefore,early prediction of the severity of the patient's condition and active treatment are beneficial to reduce the severity and mortality rate of patients and improve the prognosis of patients.In order to predict the severity of acute pancreatitis,many prediction methods have emerged in the clinic,including acute C-reactive protein,urea nitrogen,thyroid hormone,hematocrit,inflammatory factors,visceral fat area,pancreatic necrosis volume,APACHEⅡ,Ranson score,BISAP,EPIC,MCTSI,etc.This article summarizes the serological indicators,imaging methods and scoring systems that can be used to predict severe acute pancreatitis,focusing on their characteristics and limitations.

Acute pancreatitis is a common acute abdomen with a variety of causes and natural course.The incidence rate is increasing year by year.Some patients may develop severe acute pancreatitis,with serious complications and a high risk of death.Therefore,early prediction of the severity of the patient's condition and active treatment are beneficial to reduce the severity and mortality rate of patients and improve the prognosis of patients.In order to predict the severity of acute pancreatitis,many prediction methods have emerged in the clinic,including acute C-reactive protein,urea nitrogen,thyroid hormone,hematocrit,inflammatory factors,visceral fat area,pancreatic necrosis volume,APACHEⅡ,Ranson score,BISAP,EPIC,MCTSI,etc.This article summarizes the serological indicators,imaging methods and scoring systems that can be used to predict severe acute pancreatitis,focusing on their characteristics and limitations.

Primitive mammalian heart transforms from a single tube to a four-chambered muscular organ during a short developmental window. We found that knocking out global microRNA by deleting Dgcr8 microprocessor in Mesp1 cardiovascular progenitor cells lead to the formation of extremely dilated and enlarged heart due to defective cardiomyocyte (CM) differentiation. Transcriptome analysis revealed unusual upregulation of vascular gene expression in Dgcr8 cKO hearts. Single cell RNA sequencing study further confirmed the increase of angiogenesis genes in single Dgcr8 cKO CM. We also performed global microRNA profiling of E9.5 heart for the first time, and identified that miR-541 was transiently highly expressed in E9.5 hearts. Interestingly, introducing miR-541 back into microRNA-free CMs partially rescued their defects, downregulated angiogenesis genes and significantly upregulated cardiac genes. Moreover, miR-541 can target Ctgf and inhibit endothelial function. Our results suggest that microRNAs are required to suppress abnormal angiogenesis gene program to maintain CM differentiation.

Objective To detect the levels of IL-1, IL-6,TNF-αand IFN-γin serum and colon tissue of rat mod-els of ulcerative colitis with spleen and kidney Yang deficiency, and to explore their roles in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis ( UC) .Methods The rat model of ulcerative colitis with Yang deficiency of spleen and kidney was induced by perfusion of rhubarb decoction plus intramuscular injection of hydrocortisone and combined with TNBS (2,4,6-trinitro-benzenesulfonic acid) and ethanol enema.Sixty SPF wistar rats ( body weight 180 ±10 g, male:female=1:1) were ran-domly divided into blank control group, UC model with spleen kidney Yang deficiency for 7 days, 14 days and 21 days groups, respectively.The levels of IL-1, IL-6, TNF-αand IFN-γin serum and colon tissue were detected by ELISA.Re-sults Compared with the blank group, the levels of IL-1, IL-6, TNF-αand IFN-γin serum and colon tissue of rat UC model group with spleen kidney Yang deficiency were greatly increased (P<0.05), especially evidently increased in the model group at 21 days.Conclusions The pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1, IL-6, TNF-αand IFN-γplay an important role in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis with syndrome of spleen and kidney Yang deficiency.

Objective To detect mechanism of action mode of Jiuxieling Granules in spleen and kidney yang deficiency ulcerative colitis. Methods The perfusion of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma Decoction plus intramuscular injection of hydrocortisone and combined with TNBS and ethanol enema were employed to establish UC animal model. Ninety rats were randomly divided into blank group, model group, SASP group and Jiuxieling Granules 7 days, 14 days and 21 days groups. All treatment groups received relevant medicine intervention. The levels of IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-γin serum and colon tissue were detected by ELISA. Results Compared with the blank group, the levels of IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-γ in serum and colon tissues of rats in model group increased (P<0.05);compared with the model group, the levels of IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-γin serum and colon tissues of rats in treatment groups were reduced greatly (P<0.05), among which Jiuxieling Granules 21 days group showed the most obvious effects (P<0.05). Conclusion Jiuxieling Granules can regulate the normal secretion of the levels of IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-γin serum and colon tissue of model rats, and inhibit inflammation and protect colonic mucosa.